3 Treffer anzeigen

1 On the biography of Prince Ernst II of Hohenlohe-Langenburg: Hereditary Prince Ernst Wilhelm Friedrich Karl Maximilian of Hohenlohe-Langenburg - hereinafter called "Ernst II" in distinction to his grandfather Ernst - was born on 13 September 1863 in Langenburg as the son of Princess Leopoldine, born Princess of Baden, and Prince Hermann of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. He spent his school time in Karlsruhe, his mother's home town, at the Grand Ducal Gymnasium, which he left after graduating from high school in 1881. He then studied law as part of a contemporary university tour which took him to Paris, Bonn, Tübingen and Leipzig between 1881 and 1884. In 1885 Ernst II took his first legal exam at the Higher Regional Court in Naumburg a. d. Saale and during his military officer training at the 2nd Garde-Dragonerregiment in Berlin-Lichterfelde in the years 1886-1889 he also used the available time for extensive social activities at the courts of Emperor Wilhelm I and his son Friedrich. After completing his training, Ernst II advanced in the military hierarchy to lieutenant-colonel á la suite of the army (1914). The hereditary prince then aspired to a career in the Foreign Office, for which he first used one of his frequent stays in London in 1889 as a kind of private 'apprenticeship' at the German embassy. Queen Victoria was a great-aunt of Ernst II, so that he could always move at the highest social level. In 1890-1891 he passed his diplomatic exam and then took up a position as 3rd secretary in the embassy in St. Petersburg. Already in 1892 Ernst II achieved his transfer to London with the help of his father, who had enough influence as governor of Alsace-Lorraine, where he served as 3rd embassy secretary until 1894. In this year the hereditary prince Prince Hermann followed to Strasbourg to work as legation secretary of the ministry for the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine. In 1896 Ernst II married his cousin of the 3rd degree Alexandra (1878-1942), a princess from the British royal family, whose father Duke Alfred of Edinburgh had taken over the Thuringian Duchy of Saxony-Coburg and Gotha three years earlier. Together with his wife and the offspring who soon followed - Gottfried, Marie Melita, Alexandra, Irma and Alfred, who died shortly after his birth - Gottfried, Marie Melita, Alexandra and Irma moved his centre of life to Langenburg and finally left the diplomatic corps in 1897. He had begun to establish himself in his role as heir when, after the unexpected death of Alexandra's brother Alfred (1899), the open question of succession in Saxony-Coburg and Gotha required a settlement. Ernst II was assigned as regent and guardian for the new, still youthful Duke Carl Eduard, a task he took over in 1900 after the death of his father-in-law, so that he now stood for 5 years at the head of a German principality. After the end of the regency, during which he had acquired the goodwill of his Thuringian subjects through a liberal attitude, Emperor Wilhelm II, his 3rd cousin, gave him the prospect of a position as State Secretary and appointed him in 1905 provisional head of the Colonial Department in the A u s w ä r t i g e s A m t , which was to be upgraded to his own R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . But because of internal quarrels and the resistance in the Reichstag against the financing of the new authority, the hereditary prince had to take his hat off again in 1906. The following year Ernst II returned to the political stage as a member of the Reichstag for the constituency of Gotha, in which he had run as a representative of the bourgeois parties against the SPD. As a guest student of the parliamentary group of the German Reich Party, he sometimes appeared with speeches in the plenum, but everyday parliamentary work remained largely alien to him. As a result of a special political constellation in the Reichstag, Ernst II nevertheless managed to be elected vice-president of parliament in 1909 as a compromise candidate for the right-wing conservative camp. But he was not able to carry out this task for long either, because he did not want to come to terms with the conventions of parliamentary debates. As early as 1910 he used the anti-Protestant "Borromeo encyclical" of Pope Pius X to resign from his office in protest, albeit at the price of no longer being able to play a political role at the national level in the future. In 1913 Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg died and his son took over the noble inheritance, which also included the county of Gleichen in Thuringia. Ernst II successfully compensated for the loss of leading political offices through his increased commitment to social forces, which rather worked in the background: first and foremost the Protestant Church, the Order of St John and the Red Cross. Within these institutions he held important and influential positions at local and state level, through which - in conjunction with his memberships in numerous associations and federations - he was able to cultivate a broad network of correspondents from noble, political, scientific, ecclesiastical and cultural circles.As commentator of the Württembergisch-Badenschen Genossenschaft des Johanniterordens and honorary president of the Württembergischer Landesverbandes vom Roten Kreuz it was obvious for Ernst II not to strive for a position with the fighting troops, but in the organization of voluntary nursing at the outbreak of the First World War. After a short period as a delegate for each stage in Berlin and on the western front, he was appointed at the end of 1914 as the general delegate for voluntary nursing care for the eastern theater of war, so that he spent the longest period of the war in the eastern headquarters - among others in the vicinity of Field Marshal von Hindenburg. In 1918 he was finally promoted to the highest representative of his organization, the Imperial Commissioner and Military Inspector, and in this function he led, among other things, the German delegation to prisoner of war exchange negotiations with the USA in Bern. Here he benefited from his diplomatic experience, which the emperor had already drawn on in 1915, when he sent the prince to Constantinople and the Balkans as a special ambassador. After the end of the war, Ernst II resigned his high office in nursing and devoted himself again to his church and association activities. He paid special attention to the Protestant Commission for Württemberg, for which he acted as chairman of the Gerabronn district and the Langenburg local group as well as delegate in the regional committee. While the unification of the Protestant regional churches in the German Reich had already been of great concern to him as a Thuringian regent, in the 1920s and 30s he continued to campaign for the Protestant cause at church congresses and church assemblies in Württemberg and at Reich level. In 1926 the Langenburg prince was also appointed senior citizen of the Hohenlohe House, and in the same year he was elected governor of the Balley Brandenburg, i.e. the second man of the Order of St John in the Empire. During National Socialism, Ernst II, as in republican times, stayed away from political offices, especially as he was of an advanced age. From 1936 he invested a large part of his energy in the endeavour to have the Langenburg ancestral estate recognised as an inheritance court and also took care of the publication of his correspondence with the widow composer Cosima Wagner. 11 December 1950 Prince Ernst II died very old in Langenburg, where he was also buried. 2. inventory history, inventory structure and distortion: Before distortion, the estate was in a relatively heterogeneous state, which was due to an inconsistent way of transmission and multiple processing approaches. During the fire at Langenburg Castle in 1963 and the associated temporary relocation of documents within the building complex, the original order probably suffered its first damage, which was intensified in the subsequent period in the course of the transfer of Langenburg archives to Neuenstein. Probably the estate was torn apart and transferred to the central archive in several parts that could no longer be reconstructed in detail. At the latest during the administrative work carried out there in the 1960s under Karl Schumm, the written remains of Ernst II were mixed with other files from Langenburg. Further parts of the estate may also have arrived in Neuenstein in the following decade. Building on the gradually implemented provenance delimitation of the Langenburg archival records, a rough pre-drawing of the estate could be tackled in the early 1980s, but this was not completed. A last addition from the family archives was made to the now formed holdings in 1992 by the delivery of Ernst-related files, most of which had originated in the Langenburg authorities, in particular the domain chancellery.Ernst II regulated his correspondence with the help of registrar-like notes, which he usually affixed directly to the incoming documents. It contained information on the date, recipients and content of the replies and other written reactions. He also noted instructions to his administration and often complete drafts of letters on the incoming mail. In addition, the testator himself already arranged and sorted his documents further by forming units oriented to factual topics and correspondence partners and providing them with notes in the sense of a file title along with its running time. In general, he attached the notes to envelopes of different sizes, most of them used, which served as packaging or were enclosed with the files. Over the decades, Ernst seems to have repeatedly tackled such disciplinary measures, which had a long tradition in the family, without, however, being able to recognize a stringently maintained pattern. Only the rough distinction between factual and correspondence files formed a perceptible red thread, which was also observed in the current distortion. However, it must be taken into account that even in the fascicles formed according to subject criteria, parts of correspondence are often found, only compiled on a specific topic. Although this leads to overlaps with the correspondence series, the fact files were largely left as such and only slightly thinned out with regard to the correspondence partners, since they are mostly units that are comprehensible in terms of content and partly rich in content. While the 'file titles' created by Ernst II normally largely corresponded with the content of the fascicles, it must be noted for the following indexing approaches, also and especially for the preliminary indexing in the 1980s, that the names, dates and subjects noted on archive covers often deviated from the actual content and could hardly be used for the current indexing. The situation was aggravated by the fact that the mixing with files of foreign provenance - including the estates of Ernst's father Hermann and his wife Alexandra as well as the domain chancellery and court administration - could never be completely eliminated and therefore numerous individual files had to be sorted out in the course of the current processing. However, this separation of provenances was not implemented consistently in every respect, but in particular files from the Langenburg and Coburg-Gotha administration, which refer directly to Ernst II, were left in existence; the official records usually differ from the actual estate in the outward appearance in the form of differently coloured folders with file titles, running times and file numbers. Furthermore 2 fascicles on the death of Ernst II and at the end of his reign in Saxony-Coburg and Gotha come from the estates of Ernst's children Gottfried and Alexandra. A special case is Ernst's correspondence with Cosima Wagner, which is kept entirely in Neuenstein, so that not only the letters received from the deceased, but also the letters to the composer's wife (Ernst, his mother Leopoldine and his cousin Max von Baden), stored in bound folders, were recorded as part of the princely estate (see 4.).Thus, the newly registered estate represents an inventory enriched with personal material. In addition, it is to be expected that there will still be isolated files from the estates of relatives whose origin could no longer be clearly clarified (e.g. loose individual pages or fascicles which refer to festive events without naming an addressee or previous owner), apart from the principle of retaining the original separation of factual and correspondence files, massive interventions had to be made in the formation and titling of the fascicles. In many cases, due to later order work, mixing within the fascicles and unclear new file formations had occurred, otherwise about a quarter of the holdings proved to be largely unordered. Even the rather ad hoc sorting carried out by Ernst II himself did not follow any kind of 'file plan', so that content overlaps and repetitions were the order of the day. Therefore, in the course of the current distortion, fascicles were repeatedly reshaped or newly formed under consideration of either thematic or corresponding criteria. The extraction of individual documents for assignment to other fascicles was generally documented by enclosed notes. Individual photographs and photo series with illustrations of Ernst II. were separated and formed into a separate 'photo collection' (see 5.), and in order to provide a better orientation for the user, the find book of most of Ernst II.'s relatives shows the degree of kinship to the deceased in square brackets in the appropriate places.The collection La 142, Nachlass Fürst Ernst II., was arranged and recorded from June to December 2004 by archivist Thomas Kreutzer within the framework of a project sponsored by the Kulturstiftung Baden-Württemberg. It covers 19.4 running meters. Files and volumes in 927 units with a running time of (1845-) 1868-1951 (1959).Neuenstein, in April 2005Thomas Kreutzer 3. Note for use:: During the distortion, cross-references were made in the files that refer to the former bundle number - not to today's order number. To find the corresponding fascicles, the concordance has to be used.Concordance earlier - today's tuft number: 4. Literature:: Heinz Gollwitzer, The Lords of Stand. Die politische und gesellschaftliche Stellung der Mediatisierten 1815-1918. Ein Beitrag zur deutschen Sozialgeschichte, Göttingen 1964, bes. S. 244-253.Maria Keipert/Peter Grupp (Ed.), Biographisches Handbuch des deutschen Auswärtigen Dienstes 1871-1945, Vol. 2, Paderborn et al. 2005, S. 344f.Thomas Kreutzer, Protestantische Adligkeit nach dem Kollbruch - Die kirchliche, karitative und politische Verbandstätigkeit von Ernst II. Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg between 1918 and 1945, in: Nobility and National Socialism in the German Southwest. Edited by Haus der Geschichte Baden-Württemberg in conjunction with the State Capital Stuttgart (Stuttgart Symposium, Series 11), Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2007, pp. 42-82 Thomas Nicklas, Ernst II. Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. Standesherr, Regent, Diplomat im Kaiserreich (1863-1950), in: Gerhard Taddey (ed.), Lebensbilder aus Baden-Württemberg, Vol. 21, Stuttgart 2005, pp. 362-383.Frank Raberg (ed.), Biographisches Handbuch der württembergischen Landtagsabgeordneten 1815-1933 (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg), Stuttgart 2001, pp. 381f.Karina Urbach, Diplomat, Höfling, Verbandsfunktionär. Süddeutsche Standesherren 1880-1945, in: Günther Schulz/ Markus A. Denzel (ed.), German nobility in the 19th and 20th centuries, St. Katharinen 2004, pp. 354-375 Karina Urbach, Zwischen Aktion und Reaktion. The Southern German Class Lords and the First World War, in: Eckart Conze/ Monika Wienfort (ed.), Adel und Moderne. Germany in European Comparison in the 19th and 20th Centuries, Cologne 2004, pp. 323-351.Freie Deutsche Presse Coburg, 30.12.1950 (obituary).Hohenloher Zeitung, [after 11.12.]1950 (obituary).further materials:La 95 Domänenkanzlei LangenburgLa 102 Fürstliche HofverwaltungLa 143 Nachlass Fürstin Alexandra zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg

1. on the Gauger/Heiland family: Joseph Gauger is the first person documented in the collection with originals. He was descended from a Swabian family that can be traced back to the 16th century and that early confessed to Pietism. His father, Johann Martin Gauger (1816-1873), was head of the Paulinenpflege, his half-brother Gottlob Gauger (1855-1885) was in the service of the Basler Mission and was active 1878-1888 in Africa at the Gold Coast and afterwards in Cameroon, where he died. Joseph Gauger's brother Samuel (1859-1941) was also a pastor and last dean in Ludwigsburg. Born in 1866 in Winnenden, Joseph Gauger became an orphan early on, at the age of 13. He graduated from the Karlsgymnasium in Stuttgart. He first attended the teacher training seminar in Esslingen and became a teacher in Dürnau after graduating. From 1889 to 1893 he studied law in Tübingen, then Protestant theology. Afterwards he became vicar in Mägerkingen and Großheppach, 1898 finally town parish administrator in Giengen. The emerging Swabian career was broken off by the marriage with Emeline Gesenberg from Elberfeld. She was to stay in Elberfeld to care for her father, so the young couple moved into their parents' house in Hopfenstraße 6. There was also a Pietist community in Elberfeld. Joseph Gauger found employment as the second inspector of the Protestant Society, which provided him with a solid foundation for an equally pietistic career in his new Rhineland homeland. Later he was able to obtain the position of Director of the Evangelical Society. The Evangelical Society in Elberfeld had dedicated itself to mission in Germany since 1848. Here Gauger became responsible for the publishing work and the so-called writing mission. Since 1906 he was editor of the weekly "Licht und Leben", an activity he carried out until 1938, shortly before his death. From 1923 he also published the widely read political monthly "Gotthardbriefe". In 1911 Gauger became a member of the board of the Gnadauer Verband and in 1921 - not least because of his musical talent - chairman of the Evangelischer Sängerbund. In 1921 he also became a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union. His favourite sister Maria married Jakob Ziegler, who worked at the Ziegler Institutions in the pietist community of Wilhelmsdorf (near Ravensburg) as a senior teacher and later director at the boys' institution. Due to the very intensive correspondence and frequent visits to his sister, Joseph Gauger remained attached to Swabian pietism. During the Third Reich, Joseph Gauger and his family were followers of the Confessing Church. Joseph Gauger was finally banned from publishing, his publication organ "Licht und Leben" was banned, and in 1939 he was expelled from the Reichsschrifttumskammer. In 1934 his son Martin refused the oath to Adolf Hitler, whereupon he - a young public prosecutor - was dismissed from public service. Since 1935 he has worked as a lawyer for the 1st Temporary Church Administration of the German Evangelical Church and since February 1936 for the Council of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Germany in Berlin. When the war broke out in 1939, he also refused military service and fled to the Netherlands. However, he was seized here, arrested and later taken to the Buchenwald concentration camp. He therefore had to give up his church service in 1940. In 1941 he was murdered by the Nazis in the Sonnenstein Killing Institute near Pirna. The younger son of Joseph Gauger, Joachim, was also harassed by the Gestapo for his work for the Gotthard Letters and "Light and Life". After the death of Joseph Gauger (1939) and the complete destruction of the Gauger House in Elberfeld following an air raid in June 1943, the family returned to the south. Siegfried Gauger, after a short time as town vicar in Schwäbisch Gmünd, had already become town priest in Möckmühl in 1933 and had settled there with his wife Ella. Martha Gauger has lived in Heidenheim since her marriage to Theo Walther in 1934. Hedwig Heiland moved in 1943 to Gemmrigheim, the new parish of her husband. The parsonage there also offered space for the mother Emeline Gauger and the nanny of the Gauger children, Emilie Freudenberger. A little later, after her early retirement in 1947, her sister Maria Gauger also moved to Gemmrigheim. After his release from captivity as a prisoner of war, Joachim Gauger had also moved professionally to Möckmühl, where he ran the Aue publishing house. Only Paul Gerhard had stayed in Wuppertal, where he lived in the Vohwinkel district. Emeline Gauger's mother and sister Maria moved from Gemmrigheim to Möckmühl in 1951, which became the centre of the Gauger family, as a result of the forthcoming move of the Heilands to Stuttgart. Because now the mother lived here with three of her children: Siegfried, Maria and Joachim. The family gathered here regularly for sociable celebrations and the grandchildren of Emeline Gauger often came to visit here during the holidays. It was not until the grandson generation of Emeline and Joseph Gauger entered working life in the 1970s that the family scattered throughout Germany. Despite everything, this generation remained in contact with each other and organized regular family reunions. 2nd history of the stock: Bettina Heiland, Marburg, and Susanne Fülberth, Berlin, handed over the family documents Gauger/Heiland to the Main State Archives for safekeeping in January 2011 after the death of their mother Hedwig Heiland. Some further documents were submitted in June 2013. Hedwig Heiland, née Gauger, born 1914, was the youngest child of Joseph and Emeline Gauger and had survived all siblings and close relatives at the age of 96. The documents handed over originate from different persons in the family. Important documents come from her aunt Maria Ziegler, her father's favourite sister who lives in Wilhelmsdorf. She kept the letters of Joseph Gauger and his wife to their relatives in Wilhelmsdorf (to which she also belonged), a remarkable series of correspondence. Memorabilia such as her place card for the wedding of Joseph and Emeline in Elberfeld in 1898 and individual books by Joseph Gauger and the history of the family are also included. After her death Hedwig Heiland received her from her daughter Ruth Dessecker. Other documents come from mother Emeline Gauger, including letters to her and valuable memorabilia as well as files. They must have come to Hedwig Heiland after her death in 1964 or after the death of her daughter Maria, who lived with her. The documents of the brother Siegfried, city priest in Möckmühl, who died in 1981, are also rich. They date back to before 1943, when the parents' house in Elberfeld was destroyed. Worth mentioning are the dense series of letters of his brother Martin (the Nazi victim) and his parents, as well as his sister Hedwig to him. Furthermore there are letters of Sister Maria (until she moved to Möckmühl in 1950). Less dense is the letter tradition of the brothers Paul Gerhard and Emil Gauger to the city priest. Only the memorial book of the young Siegfried, which has a very high memorial value, his children did not want to do without. It is therefore only available as a copy, but in two copies. Sister Maria Gauger was primarily important as a photographer from the early days of Elberfeld. In addition to files on her own life and fate, she kept a family guest book in Möckmühl, which contains many interesting entries on family life and mutual visits. This is also included in the original stock. Her cousin Maria Keppler, née Ziegler, and her husband Friedrich also sent documents to Hedwig Heiland, especially correspondence and photographs. After the death of her husband Alfred in 1996, the documents of the older family Heiland also came to Hedwig Heiland and were kept by her. These were correspondences and the pastor's official records as well as family history materials, investigations and genealogical tables, but also documents from the mother Anna Heiland. In addition, the family of Hedwig and Alfred Heiland had a large number of younger records. Hedwig Heiland also proved to be a collector here, who rarely threw away a document and preferred to keep it. It didn't stop at collecting and picking up. Hedwig Heiland also arranged the documents and supplemented them with his own notes and investigations. Numerous notes on the family history of Gauger bear witness to this. Hedwig Gauger read the letters from her youth, extracted important dates and took notes. On the basis of the documents she kept and evaluated, she made a film in 2007 entitled "This is how I experienced it. Memories of my family and my life, told by Hedwig Heiland née Gauger" (DVDs in P 39 Bü 469). It consists essentially of an interview with her and numerous photos about her life and the fate of her family. Hedwig Heiland was particularly committed to the rehabilitation of her brother Martin. She intensively supported the research on his fate with information, compilations and also with the lending of documents. She collected the results, i.e. books and essays, and compiled the state of research almost completely. For the exhibition "Justiz im Nationalsozialismus" she read letters of her brother Martin Gauger and other documents about his life, which are stored as audio documents on a CD (P 39 Bü 468). Despite the richness of the available material, gaps in the tradition are to be noted. The sudden destruction of the Elberfelder Haus der Gaugers in 1943 resulted in a severe loss of family documents. About Maria Ziegler from Wilhelmsdorf and Siegfried Gauger, who did not live in Elberfeld anymore at that time, other documents from this time have fortunately been preserved, which compensate this gap somewhat. Another gap exists in the correspondence of Hedwig Heiland during the 70s to 90s of the last century. Even then, there must have been a rich correspondence, of which there is hardly anything left. The correspondence of Hedwig Heiland, on the other hand, which has been richer again since 2000, is present; it was hardly ordered, but has not yet been thrown away. In 1993 documents concerning Martin Gauger were handed over to the Landeskirchlichen Archiv Hannover for archiving. They received the inventory signature N 125 Dr. Martin Gauger. The 1995 find book on these documents is available in the inventory as no. 519. 3rd order of the stock: The documents originate from different provenances and had been arranged accordingly. A delivery list could be prepared and handed over for the inventory. Letters from Hedwig Gauger to his fiancé Alfred Heiland from the 40 years and also the letters in the opposite direction have been numbered consecutively, which points to a very intensive reading and thorough order, which, however, is an extreme case. In the letters Joseph Gauger wrote to his sister Maria after 1920, the covers of the tufts contain summaries of the most important pieces and references to outstanding family events mentioned in the letters. This information can be used as a guide during use. However, the original order of the documents was badly confused by the frequent use by the family and by third parties. One has not or wrongly reduced the taken out pieces. Frequently, individual letters were found in the photo albums with photos that were related to the content of the letter, but had to be returned to the original series. A photo album (P 39 Bü 353) had been divided into individual sheets so that the photos required for publications could be passed on to third parties as print copies. Hedwig Heiland had attached self-adhesive yellow notes to many letters and provided them with notes and references in order to be able to orientate herself better in her family-historical research. For conservation reasons, these notes had to be removed. In addition to the restoration of the original order, further measures were necessary for the order of the stock. Many documents were too broadly characterised as "other" or "miscellaneous". Tufts with very different contents were incorporated into existing units. A larger box still contained completely disordered, but nevertheless valuable letters from the period 1943-1952, which had to be sorted and indexed. Thematically similar tufts could often be combined into one unit. For example, mixed tufts containing letters from different scribes to the same recipient were divided and transformed into tufts with uniform scribes. This order according to the principle "a tuft, a letter writer" could not always be carried out. Letters of the married couple Emeline and Joseph Gauger, for example (to Maria Ziegler) are so closely interlocked that they cannot be split into two separate tufts. Sometimes Emeline signed her husband's letter with a short greeting of her own, sometimes she is greeted in the name of both, but often Emeline wrote her own passages on the letterhead and sometimes there are whole letters from her. Separation is also impossible in terms of content. Similarly, letters from Emeline Gauger and Maria Gauger in their Möckmühl days cannot be separated from those of Siegfried Gauger. Such letters were classified according to the author author. The index refers to the other persons. The present order and indexing was based on family interests. Essentially, in addition to the corrections and restructuring measures mentioned above, the documents had to be arranged and made accessible for scientific research. For this reason, a greater depth of indexing was necessary, above all, by means of title recordings with detailed content annotations. An overall order of the holdings according to the different origins of the documents did not prove to be meaningful for a family archive of the present size. The uniformity of the documents produced by Hedwig Heiland was therefore accepted and maintained. Accordingly, the title recordings of the correspondence of members of the Gauger family are arranged according to the letter writer and not according to the letter recipient. Letters usually contain more information about the author than about the recipient. Letters from non-family members and from letter writers to whom little material has grown, on the other hand, were classified according to the recipient principle ("Letters from different correspondence partners to XY"). The present collection documents the fate of a Swabian family closely linked to Pietism over almost two centuries. Outstanding is the relatively well-known theologian Joseph Gauger, who is richly documented with his correspondence and in his writings. The marriage of his sister Maria Ziegler also gives a glimpse of the Pietist settlement in Wilhelmsdorf and the Ziegler Institutions. The family's attitude during the Nazi period and especially the fate of his son Martin, who was imprisoned for his conscientious objection and finally killed, are also reflected in the inventory. Relations with the family of the Berlin prison pastor and member of the Kreisau district of Harald Poelchau are also documented. Dense series of letters from the Second World War (letters from Hedwig Heiland to her husband Alfred, letters from Alfred Heiland to his wife Hedwig, letters from Maria Gauger to her brother Siegfried) tell of the hard everyday life of the World War II. In addition, the collection illuminates the everyday family life of a Swabian family over at least two generations. The collection comprises 529 units in 5.20 linear metres, the duration extends from 1882 to 2010 with prefiles from 1831. 4. Literature: Article Joseph Gauger in Württembergische Biographien I (2006) S. 87-88 (Rainer Lächele) Article Joseph Gauger in NDB Vol. 6 S. 97-98 (Karl Halaski)Article Joseph Gauger in Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie Bd. 3 S. 584Article Martin Gauger in Wikipedia http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Gauger Further literature is included in stockStuttgart, June 2013Dr. Peter Schiffer

1903-1947 in Walvis Bay, Swakopmund, Gaub, Okahandja, Praeses 1937-1947, then emer.., Senator South West Africa, 1950-1958, see also RMG 1,308, 1,344, 1,366, 1,426-1,431, 1,661, 2.694; extensive correspondence, reports, circulars, 1903-1947; application, curriculum vitae, medical certificate, 1894-1903; building plans for residential house Swakopmund, 1904; appeal by Lieutenant Kuhn to the scattered Hereros to surrender, 1904; petition to d. District office Swakopmund for the improvement of the conditions in the prison camps, 1905; report on the formation of the protestant parish of Swakopmund, 1906; letter of 9 Hererochristen with the request for translation of the Old Testament in Herero, 1906; "Gau-Sari-Aob" (The sower) newsletter for natives, 1907-1909; order e. printing press, brochure here about, 1909; budget d. Missionshaus in Swakopmund, 1909; transcript of the honorary doctorate of the University of Tübingen for Vedder, 1925; State Secretary of Lindequist: Please do not recall Vedder from Africa, 1927; conference negotiation of the church elders and evangelists in Okahandja, 1930; exam questions for diploma examinations of the University of South Africa, 1931; Zur Frauenfrage in Südwestafrika, Referat, 10.., ms. 1935; National Socialism and colored workers, essay, Karl Pegel, 11 p., ms., 1936; appointment of Vedder as "Konsistorialrat h. c" by the California Konsistorial Academic Society, copy of the deed, 1947; statutes of the Heinrich Vedder Foundation, 1954; honorary newspaper articles and obituary, 1961, 1966 and 1972