History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) was above all responsible for the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. The offices of the rank were gradually abolished, the last in 1849, after the final renunciation of their sovereign rights by the rank masters. In the case of the provincial district offices and upper offices, mergers and dissolutions within the framework of organisational changes led to a reduction in the total number of administrative structures in 1936/1938 from originally 66 to 27 after the changes ordered in the administrative structures during the National Socialist era. Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to carry out tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As subauthorities, district offices were subordinated to the district directorates as medium instances - the district office Constance, created in 1809, was first subordinated to the directorate of the Seekreis with its seat in Constance. The organisational reform of 1832 enlarged the scope of these funds and replaced the originally ten district directorates, with the exception of the Seekreis, which was named after rivers, with four district governments: Government of the Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis. The Constance district office was now under the control of the Seekreis government. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats, namely Konstanz, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, each of which was headed by a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the ministry. The Constance District Office was assigned to the Sprengel of the Constance State Commissariat. In 1864, the Grand Duchy of Baden was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state tasks, retaining the district offices and state commissionariats as state administrative authorities. The Konstanz district association, based in Konstanz, comprised the state administrative districts of Engen, Konstanz, Meßkirch, Pfullendorf, Radolfzell (abolished in 1872), Stockach and Überlingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. The Executive Board of the Constance District Office was also the District Governor of the Constance District Association. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The Kreisverband Konstanz is thus the actual "ancestor" of the Landkreis Konstanz as a local self-governing body. 1924 the name of the executive committee of the district had already been changed to Landrat. By the county regulation of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established county federations were abolished and replaced by counties. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. The area and authority of the new administrative district of Constance as a municipal self-governing body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. Following the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regierungspräsidium Südbaden as the central authority for the administrative district of Südbaden - the Regierungspräsidium or Regierungsbezirk Freiburg since the administrative reform of 1971. The district and later Landratsamt Konstanz was repeatedly changed from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952. Particularly noteworthy here is the increase due to the abolition of the Radolfzell district office in 1872, whose municipalities were all assigned to the Constance administrative district. Another increase for the administrative district (since 1939 administrative district) Konstanz brought the abolition of the district office Engen in the course of the law over the new division of the internal administration from 30 June 1936 in the course of the, whose official municipalities were distributed on the sprinkles of the district and/or district offices Konstanz, Donaueschingen and Stockach. Further changes in the district of Constance as a result of the Baden-Württemberg district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, lie outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Constance District Office/Landratsamt were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 715/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /15, /16, /17, /18, /19, /20, /21, B 730a/1b) E 24/1c) G 15/1, /2, /3, /4d) W 499/1e) S 51/1The stocks mentioned under a) and e) were first combined to form stock B 715/1 (new). Foreign provenances in these holdings were taken and either assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives in accordance with their provenance or handed over to the Karlsruhe General State Archives for reasons of competence. in a second step, the holdings of the Constance District Office, which had been formed from files delivered by the Constance District Office under b), were integrated into holdings B 715/1 (new). Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Konstanz with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of written documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 were also included in B 715/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Konstanz" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg during the mutual equalization of holdings, were also included. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Solveig Adolph, David Boomers, Anja Fischer, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 715/1 now comprises 6347 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 72.00 lfd.m.Freiburg, May 2010 Edgar Hellwig
History of the authorities: As a result of the territorial upheavals in the Napoleonic period, a total of 66 sovereign and 53 rank sovereign offices were created in Baden on the basis of the organisational edict of 26 October 1809. The number of district offices (since 1939: administrative districts) and upper offices was reduced in the course of the time by merging and abolition, so that 1945 in the today's administrative district Freiburg only 16 administrative districts (Donaueschingen, Emmendingen, Freiburg, Kehl, Konstanz, Lahr, Lörrach, Müllheim, Neustadt, Offenburg, Säckingen, Stockach, Überlingen, Villingen, Waldshut, Wolfach) and - since 1939 - two city districts (Freiburg, Konstanz) existed. Apart from the offices of the rank and rank abolished in 1849 at the latest, the district offices were purely state authorities. Only by the administrative district order of 24.6.1939 they received - de facto however only on paper - also tasks of a self-administration body. They were primarily responsible for general state administration, but were also responsible for the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation (1857) - the judiciary, in particular the civil courts. As administrative authorities they were assigned to the Ministry of the Interior and subordinated to changing central authorities (district directorates, from 1832 district governments, from 1863 state commissioners); with regard to the judiciary, the court courts and the district directorates or district governments were superior to them.1819: The district office Appenweier was abolished and its area of responsibility distributed among the offices Offenburg and Oberkirch until 1952. The district office Offenburg receives: Appenweier, Durbach, Ebersweier, Herztal, Urloffen and Windschläg.1872:The Gengenbach office is abolished and assigned to the Offenburg upper office.1934:The Offenburg administrative district receives the Dundenheim municipality from the Lahr administrative district.1936:The Oberkirch administrative district is abolished and integrated into the Offenburg administrative district. In return, Offenburg transfers the municipalities of Zell am Harmersbach, Oberharmersbach and Unterharmersbach to the district of Wolfach as well as Altenheim, Appenweier, Urloffen, Marlen-Goldscheuer and Müllen to the district of Kehl.1939:The district of Offenburg transfers the municipality of Biberach to the district of Wolfach. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the indexing work, the files of the Offenburg District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 728/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10;b) E 29/1 and 2;c) G 21/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 11;d) W 499. Initially, the holdings listed under a) and b) were combined to form holdings B 728/1 (new). Foreign provenances in these holdings - above all files of the district offices Gengenbach and Oberkirch as well as of the Donaukreisdirektorium and the government of the Mittelrheinkreis - were removed beforehand and either assigned to other holdings of the State Archives Freiburg in accordance with the provenance or transferred to the General State Archives Karlsruhe for reasons of competence. In a second step, all files with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the existing holdings. Stocks G 21/8 and 11 did not contain any such files, while stock G 21/10 was completely absorbed by B 728/1. In justified exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of written material created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 728/1.Thirdly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Offenburg" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains documents from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives Freiburg within the scope of the mutual equalisation of stocks, were also included. Under the pre-signature 1 you will find the last signature used in the State Archives Freiburg before the new indexing, under the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature of the State Archives Freiburg and under the pre-signature 3 the signature formerly used in the General State Archives Karlsruhe - Local files on Bottenau can also be found under Durbach - For better orientation in the local files in the paper index, the respective place name is listed in the annotation field for each file.The present holdings were recorded by Bernhard Schühly from autumn 2004 to summer 2006. The undersigned was responsible for supervising the work. The existence B 728/1 covers 10,406 Faszikel after its new listing now and measures 75.5 lfd.m.Freiburg, September 2006 Dr. Christof StraußIn the course of a virtual unification of the spatially at different places stored documents of the regional office/county office Offenburg the organization of the existence was extended by two points. Under "Akten in der Abt. 229 des Generallandesarchivs Karlsruhe" you can find documents of the district office Offenburg, which were classified in Karlsruhe in the inventory 229 (special files of the smaller offices and places). Numerous general files which have not been transferred to the Freiburg State Archives and which are kept in Offenburg can be found under the heading "Files with terms up to 1952 in the Offenburg District Archives". For these documents, the title recordings made in the Offenburg district archives and the structure used there were taken over in their entirety, although in individual cases names had to be omitted. It is not possible to order files from these two subdivisions from the Freiburg State Archives and must be ordered from the Karlsruhe General State Archives or the Offenburg District Archives.Freiburg, February 2007 Dr. Christof Strauß
History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in land and people made it imperative to reorganize and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Grand Duchy of Baden was divided into 66 sovereign and 53 rank sovereign offices by the organisational edict of 26 October 1809. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of state district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As subordinate authorities, they were subordinated to the district directorates as intermediate instances. The upper office created in 1807 and from 1809 the district office Säckingen belonged to the province of the Upper Rhine and was assigned to the directorate of the Wiesenkreis with seat in Lörrach. With the organisational reform of 1832, the originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - and the district office of Säckingen was subordinated to the government of the Oberrheinkreis based in Freiburg. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) then installed the four state commissioner districts of Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, each headed by a state commissioner who had his seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Säckingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissärbezirk Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district Säckingen formed together with the sprinkles of the district offices Bonndorf, Jestetten (1872 finally abolished), St. Blasien, and Waldshut the district association Waldshut with seat in Waldshut. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the district had been changed to Landrat. By the county regulation of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established county federations were abolished and replaced by counties. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the administrative districts, which continued to perform state tasks but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. Following the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the regional council of South Baden replaced it as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the regional council or administrative district of Freiburg. According to the Großherzoglich Badischen Regierungsblatt of December 9, 1809, the following locations belonged to the district office of Säckingen in addition to the town of Säckingen itself: Rippolingen, Katzenmoos, Harpolingen, Rickenbach, Hennematt, Bergalingen, Jungholz, Egg, Willaringen, Willadingen, von Zweyer'sche Lehenhof, Wickartsmühle and Schweikhof, Atdorf, Hornberg, Hütten, Rütte, Altenschwand, Glassworks, Hottingen, Obergebisbach, Untergebisbach, Herrischried, Herrischrieder Säge, Herrischrieder Rütte, Herrischwand, Schellenberg, Giersbach, Lochhäuser, Wehrhalden, Lindauer Lehenhof, Warmbach, Nollingen, Karsau, Riedmatt. Due to the frequent changes in the layout of the district sprinkles and the dissolution and re-establishment of district offices on the Upper Rhine, the sprinkles of the Säckingen District and District Office were repeatedly changed from their establishment in 1807 to the year 1952. A complete and detailed account of all these administrative changes would go too far here. So here are just a few examples: The official sprinkler received considerable growth when the Kleinlaufenburg district office, which had existed for only a few years, was dissolved. In addition to the city of Kleinlaufenburg itself, 30 towns were added to the district of Säckingen: Hauenstein, Murg, Rüttehof, Rhina, Diggeringen, Binzgen, Hänner, Oberhof, Niederhof, Zechenwihl, Görwihl, Oberwihl, Rüßwihl, Lochmühle, Tiefenstein, Rotzingen, Burg, Hartschwand, Strittmatt, Engelschwand, Hogschür, Lochmatt, Segeten, Hochsal, Rotzel, Luttingen, Grünholz, Stadenhausen, Schachen and Niederwihl. Also the places of the 1813 abolished office Wehr came to the district Säckingen. The administrative district received further growth with the abolition of the Schopfheim district on 1 October 1936 in the course of the reorganisation of the state of Baden, as the municipalities of the abolished district were divided between the two districts of Lörrach and Säckingen. Stock history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the district office / district office Säckingen were distributed to the following stocks:(a) B 689/1; B 718/1; B 726a/1; B 733/1; B 733/2; B 733/3; B 733/4; B 733/5; B 733/6; B 733/7; B 733/8; B 733/9; B 733/10; B 733/11, B 733/12, B 733/13, B 733/14, B 733/15, B 733/16, B 733/17, B 733/18, B 733/19, B 733/21, B 733/22, B 733/23, B 733/24; B 733/25; B 750a/1 as well as B 37/7;b) G 23/1; G 23/2; G 23/3; G 23/4; G 23/5; G 23/6; G 23/7; G 23/8; G 23/9; G 23/11; G 23/13; G 23/16; G 23/17; G 23/18The stocks mentioned under a) were first integrated into the existing stocks B 733/1. The files of the Nollingen, Beuggen, Wehr and Kleinlaufenburg district offices, which had existed for only a short time, were also integrated into this collection. Foreign provenances in all these holdings were taken and either assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives in accordance with their provenance or transferred to the Karlsruhe General State Archives for reasons of competence. In a second step, the holdings mentioned under b), which had been formed by the segregation of prior provenances from file deliveries of the Säckingen District Office, were transferred to the holdings B 733/1 of the Säckingen District Office, provided that the term of the files did not exceed 1952. In justified exceptional cases, e.g. when the proportion of written material created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a duration beyond 1952 were included in B 733/1.Notes for use:- Concordances in the paper index show all presignatures of the individual files. The signature last used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new recording is found under Presignature 1 and the signature second to last in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives under Presignature 2. The present holdings were recorded by Solveig Adolph, David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Corinna Giesin, Edgar Hellwig, Wolfgang Lippke and Annika Scheumann. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 733/1 now comprises 7361 fascicles and measures 62.75 m. Freiburg, August 2011 Edgar Hellwig
History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the reorganization and administrative modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As sub authorities they were subordinated to the district directorates as middle instances - the district office Villingen created in 1809 first to the directorate of the Danube district with seat in Villingen. In 1819 the Donaukreis was dissolved and united with the Seekreis. The originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - with the organisational reform of the year 1832 and the district office Villingen was subordinated to the government of the Seekreis. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats - Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim - each headed by a state commissioner who had a seat and vote in the ministry. The district office Villingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissariat Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district association Villingen with seat in Villingen comprised the national administrative districts Donaueschingen, Triberg (up to its dissolution in the year 1924) and Villingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. Thus the executive committee of the district office Villingen was in personal union at the same time district captain of the district association Villingen. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The district association Villingen is thus the actual "ancestor" of the former administrative district Villingen and/or, since 1973, of the today's administrative district Schwarzwald-Baar as local self-administration body. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the administrative district had been changed into Landrat. By the administrative district order of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established district federations were abolished and replaced by districts. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. Area and authority of the new administrative district Villingen as local self-administration body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the Regional Council of South Baden took its place as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the Regional Council and the administrative district of Freiburg, respectively. The district and later district administration office of Villingen underwent repeated changes from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952, especially in the first half of the 19th century. In 1834, the administrative district of Villingen comprised 25 municipalities in addition to the town of Villingen itself: Biesingen, Dauchingen, Dürrheim, Fischbach, Grüningen, Kappel, Klengen, Königsfeld, Marbach, Mönchweiler, Neuhausen, Niedereschach, Oberbaldingen, Obereschach, Oberkirnach, Öfingen, Pfaffenweiler, Rietheim, Schabenhausen, Stockburg, Sunthausen, Überauchen, Unterkirnach, Weiler and Weilersbach. In 1850, the city of Vöhrenbach and the municipalities of Langenbach, Linach and Schönenbach were assigned to the administrative district of Villingen from the administrative district of Triberg. The latter received further growth in 1857, when the official district of Hornberg was merged with that of Triberg, namely the towns and municipalities of Brigach, Buchenberg, Peterzell and St. Georgen. When the district office of Hornberg was dissolved in 1924, further towns were added to the Sprengel of the district office of Villingen. The law on the new division of the internal administration of 30 June 1936 did not bring any serious changes to the district office, but since 1939 the district administration office of Villingen, on the other hand, did not bring any serious changes to its district: only the municipality of Grüningen had to be handed over to the district or district administration office of Donaueschingen.The changes in the district of Villingen as a result of the district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, with the formation of the district of Schwarzwald-Baar by unification of the districts of Villingen and Donaueschingen are outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Villingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 748/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, B 812/1b) E 33/1c) G 24/1, /3, /4, G 28/1d) W 499The holdings mentioned under a) were first combined to form the holdings B 748/1 (new). In a second step, the inventory mentioned under b), which had been formed by the separation of preproveniences from file deliveries of the Freiburg Regional Council, was integrated into the inventory B 748/1 (new) of the Villingen District Office. Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Villingen with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 748/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Villingen" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg at the time of the mutual equalisation of holdings, were also incorporated. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 748/1 now comprises 5768 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 60.70 lfd.m.Freiburg, December 2009 Edgar Hellwig
History of the possession of the island Mainau: After the abolition of the Kommende of the Teutonic Order on the island Mainau in 1805, the Kommenden possession first fell to the Baden state; today the Kommenden archive in the General State Archives consists mainly of the holdings 5 (documents Mainau) and 93 (files Mainau). After a rapid change of ownership - 1827 from Baden to Prince Nikolaus von Esterhazy, 1827 from his son Nikolaus Freiherr von Mainau to Katharina Gräfin Langenstein - Grand Duke Friedrich I of Baden bought the island from Langenstein¿schem in 1853 with funds from the private box and made the Teutonic Order palace a secondary residence. With advancing age, the stays of the Grand Duke and his wife Luise became increasingly frequent; the park owes its design largely to Frederick's initiative. In 1907 the Grand Duke of Mainau died. After her death in 1923, the widow's residence of the Grand Duchess was transferred to her son Frederick II, and from him to his sister Victoria, Queen of Sweden. In 1930, their grandson Lennart, now Count Bernadotte, took possession of the Mainau. History and notes on tradition: The Schlossarchiv, which was handed over to the General State Archives in 1997 as a deposit of Blumeninsel Mainau GmbH, depicts the history of possession and the court holdings of the Grand Ducal couple rather fragmentarily. Only the planned stock has survived as a closed overdelivery complex. After the death of Frederick I, Grand Duchess Luise decided that neither the castle nor the park could be altered in any way, so the plans provide a good overview of the conversion of the old Kommende buildings and the layout of the park from the Grand Ducal period to the Bernadotte era. Almost all the plans came from the architects of the Grand Ducal Court Building Office (Dyckerhoff, Hemberger, Amersbach), a few from the Court Garden Centre, from commissioned companies and from the Constance District Building Inspectorate. Outside the island, only the St. Katharina estate near Litzelstetten and a park bench near Constance are documented. The plans were recorded in detail by Ms. Kreyenberg before they were handed over to the General State Archives; her index continues to serve as a finding aid for the plan inventory, while the file part of the archive consists only of fragments. There are internal and external reasons for this. The changing courtly style between Karlsruhe, Baden-Baden, Badenweiler and Mainau may have brought with it a transport of written documents, which in all residences allowed half site-related, half accidentally left behind layers of files to emerge. In many respects, the Mainau holdings correspond almost perfectly to the files that have been kept in the General State Archives since 1995 from the tradition in the New Palace in Baden-Baden: Here and there the boundaries between the files of the court authorities, the daily ceremony and the personal, princely estate can hardly be drawn exactly, here and there correspondence and telegram series, diaries and notebooks, private entries and greeting addresses, documents of the wide-ranging charity work of Grand Duchess Luise and much more can be found. (cf. GLA 69 Baden, Collection 1995 A, B, D, F I, FII, G , K). In a nutshell, the Mainau collection - insofar as it does not directly refer to the Mainau court - microscopically depicts the Baden-Baden manor; both collections relate primarily to Grand Duchess Luise, and only in the second to her husband and children. As in Baden-Baden, the Mainau collection also includes a large group of photographs documenting, among other things, the close ties to relatives of the imperial family. Unlike in Baden-Baden, however, the fragmentary character of the Mainau archive also seems to be due to unintentional interventions. In the summer of 1945, the castle served as a military hospital for former concentration camp prisoners; during this time, they are said to have burned the archives, the bookkeeping and the more recent documentation of the island and to have taken documents with them when they were released in September (Alexander and Johanna Dées de Sterio, Die Mainau, Stuttgart / Zürich 1977 p.93). It will no longer be possible to reconstruct exactly what kind of archive this was; in any case, it must have been the written records of the goods administration which were taken over by the successors of the Teutonic Order and continued through the 19th century. Only fractions of files from this area have actually survived in today's inventory. Editor's report: Because of the difficult history of tradition, the order of the remaining holdings was not easy either. A separation according to personnel and court office conveniences would have made little sense and would also have been hardly possible in view of fragments that could hardly be allocated. Thus special occasions (such as birthdays and anniversaries) and special source genres (such as notebooks or telegrams) now form the highest order criteria, then the reference to persons or events and finally, within a unit of records, the chronological order; however, most of these units of records had to be formed first, since at the time the inventory was taken over any order of parts was not recognizable; as a rule they were loose, connected sheets.In August and September 1998, in the context of the training for the Higher Archive Service, the holdings were arranged by Claudia Maria Neesen and Christof Strauß under the guidance of the undersigned and recorded and indexed with the help of the MIDOSA programme package of the Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg. Karlsruhe, June 1999Konrad Krimm Conversion: The finding aid was converted in 2015. The final editing was carried out by Sara Diedrich in April 2016. The plans and building drawings were added under the inventory designation 69 Baden, Mainau K to the inventory 69 Baden, Mainau and listed under the signatures 69 Baden, Mainau K 1 to 69 Baden, Mainau K 209.
History of the authorities: After the National Socialists seized power, special courts were added to the existing criminal courts on the basis of the decree of the Reich government of 21 March 1933 (RGBl. I p. 136). The legal basis for this was Chapter II of Part Six of the 3rd Ordinance of the Reich President of 6 October 1931 on Securing the Economy and Finance and Combating Political Violence (RGBl. I p. 565). The special courts were formed for the Higher Regional Court districts and were composed of a chairman and two assessors. The special court rulings were not subject to appeal. By decree of 27 March 1933 on the formation of special courts (Bad. Justizministerialblatt Nr. 6 vom 28.3.1933, p. 47), Mannheim was designated as the seat of the special court for the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court district. The public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court was the prosecuting authority. The registry of the Mannheim Regional Court was also the registry of the Special Court. The allocation of business to the Special Court was made by the President of the Long Court. With effect from 1 November 1940, a separate special court was formed at the Freiburg Regional Court for the districts of Freiburg, Constance, Offenburg and Waldshut. The jurisdiction of the special courts was generally governed by the following provisions:1. § 8 of the Law against Betrayal of the German National Economy of 12.6.1933 (RGBl. I p. 360);2nd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State of 28.2.1933 (RGBl. I p. 83);3rd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Defence against Insidious Attacks against the Government of the National Survey of 21.3.1933 (RGBl. I p. 135);4. law against insidious attacks on state and party and for the protection of party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269);5. law for the guarantee of the right peace of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269) 134 b Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 24.9.1935 (RGBl. I p. 136);7. § 134 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 5.2.1936 (RGBl. I p. 97);8. ordinance of 20.11.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1632) for crimes that belonged to the jurisdiction of the jury court or a lower court if immediate conviction appeared necessary;9th Ordinance on Extraordinary Broadcasting Measures of 1.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1683);10. § 1 of the War Economy Ordinance of 4.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1609);11. § 1 of the Ordinance Against Popular Pests of 5.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1679);12. §§ 1, 2 of the Ordinance Against Violent Criminals of 5.12.1939 (RGBl. I p. 2378);13. § 239 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch;14. Law against road theft by means of car traps of 22.6.1938 (RGBl. I p. 651);15. § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance of 17.8.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1455): according to decree of the Reich Ministry of Justice of 27.5.In 1940, after the jurisdiction of the Wehrmacht courts to convict civilians for criminal offences under § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance had been transferred to the general courts, the prosecuting authorities were instructed to bring charges before the Special Court in all significant cases.16Furthermore, charges could be brought before the Special Court for violations of the Act Implementing the Four-Year Plan of 29 October 1936 and of the Ordinance on Penalties and Criminal Proceedings for Violations of Price Regulations of 3 June 1939. History: The establishment of the special court in Mannheim as a department of the regional court there was not without difficulties. The frequent change of court referees had an effect on the conduct of official business. This had a negative effect not least on file management. The office was located in Heidelberg during the war. The court partially met in Karlsruhe. As a result of the district events, the special court files were partially destroyed. Many files were sent to other judicial authorities at the end of the war. During the occupation of the court building in Heidelberg in the spring of 1945, the files of the special court registry were thrown into the cellar, all lacings were loosened and so disordered that the context of the individual case-related documents no longer existed. Some of the files were outsourced by the occupying power in various places. In the summer of 1948, the written material was successively returned to the public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court and, from 1976 onwards, several partial deliveries were made to the General State Archives. Order and distortion: The present collection is divided into two main parts. The first part lists the procedural and investigative files. From the years 1933 and 1934, only the reference files of the trial files have survived; of the investigation files, with a few exceptions, the years 1933 to 1935 are completely missing. Since, however, the process and investigation registers recorded in the second part of the finding aid have been preserved, at least the activity of the court can be reconstructed. The entries in the register are shown in a selection in this finding aid (cases for which no files are available). 1976 Mr. Wilhelm Steinbach began with the title entries. The completion or revision was carried out by the undersigned.Karlsruhe, in January 1993Manfred Hennhöfer[slightly revised version of the preface from 1993] Conversion: In 2015, the indexing data were converted to fonds 507 and processed into the available online finding aids. For technical reasons, the structure of the data and the structure of the data records had to be changed. However, the content of the indexing information was retained in its entirety. Alexander Hoffmann was responsible for the conversion and data import, while Dorota Wendler and the undersigned, Karlsruhe, were responsible for editorial work related to the import. In February 2016, Dr. Martin Stingl, published references to the literature: Hans Wüllenweber: Special dishes in the Third Reich. Forgotten crimes of justice. Frankfurt a.M. 1990.Christiane Oehler: The jurisdiction of the special court Mannheim 1933¿1945. Berlin 1997.Homepage of the Arbeitskreis Justiz Mannheim e.V.: http://www.akjustiz-mannheim.de/ .