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The Commercial Code, which was introduced in Württemberg by the law of 13.08.1865, prescribes the maintenance of a commercial register. These provisions were clarified in the Order of 31.10.1865 on the Maintenance of Commercial Registers (Government Gazette 1865 p.448). In the commercial register the name, branch, legal form and, in the case of corporations, the amount of capital had to be entered. At first the 4 commercial courts in Stuttgart, Heilbronn, Ulm and Reutlingen kept the commercial registers, after the Württemberg judicial reform of 1868 the (higher) district courts. register of associationsThe register of associations was introduced by order of 09.11.1899 (Regierungsblatt p. 845) with the Civil Code (BGB) to 01.01.1900. The legal peculiarities of political associations (e.g. trade unions, parties) are described in the preface of F 303 III (Amtsgericht Stuttgart: Vereinsregister). As in the commercial register, the new entries in the register of associations of the Stuttgart District Court Office end in 1924. The continuation of the commercial register can be found in stock F 303 II, the register of associations in F 303 III.Cooperative registerThe Reichsgesetz of 01.05.1889 stipulated a separation of the commercial register and the cooperative register and thus introduced its own cooperative register. The continuation of the cooperative register can be found in stock FL 300/31 II. Register of matrimonial property rightsThe register of matrimonial property rights regulates the matrimonial property rights of married couples and was introduced together with the BGB on 01.01.1900. District Court District Stuttgart-Amt: The district court Stuttgart-Amt existed until 1924, when in the course of the reorganization of the court division in the Stuttgart area the district court district Stuttgart-Amt was abolished and the district courts Stuttgart-Stadt and Stuttgart-Cannstatt received the designation "Stuttgart I" and "Stuttgart II" from then on (VO of 22.02.1924, Regierungsblatt page 71).In detail, the following were assigned to the district court Stuttgart I: Bernhausen, Birkach, Bonlanden, Echterdingen, Harthausen, Heumaden, Kemnat, Leinfelden, Möhringen a.d. Fildern, Musberg, Plattenhardt, Plieningen, Rohr, Rohracker, Ruit, Scharnhausen, Sielmingen, Sillenbuch, Steinenbronn, Stetten a.d. Fildern, Vaihingen a.d. Fildern and Waldenbuch, the only exception being Feuerbach, which was assigned to the Stuttgart II District Court with its seat in Cannstatt. Processing: The files on hand were handed over by the Stuttgart District Court on 02.08.1894 (Tgb.Nr. 3477/3478). In the course of processing the register files of the Stuttgart Local Court in July 1986, the provenance of the Stuttgart Local Court-Amt was separated from the FL 300/31 holdings and reformed into the F 305 holdings. The students Kerstin Häussermann and Barbara Seiler made the title recordings. These were then sorted by commercial register number. Ludwigsburg, September 1986(Back) Note on retroconversion: This find book is a repertory that was previously only available in typewritten form, which was converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Arbeitsgruppe Retrokonversion im Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg". In this so-called retroconversion, the basic structure of the template and the linguistic version of the texts were basically retained. However, the classification scheme was adapted and the files sorted by register number in ascending order - in accordance with the project "Erschließung der Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister der Amtsgerichte" ("Development of the commercial, cooperative and association registers of local courts"), which has been in practice since 2008. The previous collection fascicles of the stock were dissolved and each register file was assigned an individual tuft number, so that the old tufts 1-45 were re-signed into the new tufts 1-250. The retro conversion was carried out in spring 2012 by Larissa Huber in the context of a practical course. The support and final editing was carried out by the undersigned. Ludwigsburg, July 2012Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: Following the example of the French prefect system, King Frederick created the provincial authorities foreign to the old Württemberg administrative structure through the Organization Manifesto of 1806, which he had already formed in the electoral bailiwicks of New Württemberg (1803-1806). The entire country was divided into twelve districts, each of which was made up of an equal number of high offices. Only the residential cities of Stuttgart and Ludwigsburg remained outside the districts. Each district was headed by an aristocratic district governor who, with the help of a legally educated actuary, was in charge of the supervision of the internal administration of his area of office, in contrast to the collegial principle of the New Württemberg bailiwicks. The district administration was poorly staffed and did not have exclusive jurisdiction. The district governor, a "Commissarius perpetuus" between ministries and senior officials, was in the end "not much more than a 'postman' between those offices that really govern and really administer" (Grube).with the manifesto of 27.10.In 1810, the circles were divided geographically into twelve bailiwicks (départements) of about 100,000 inhabitants each, each with a slightly different geographical classification. The names of these départements, mountains and rivers, already show the model of the French départements, which were of course much larger. The district governor was replaced by a bailiff (Grand Drossard), but his position and duties remained unchanged. The district governor or bailiff was assigned a district tax council (Landvogteisteuerrat), which supervised the accounting of the offices and official maintenance as well as the property status of the cities, offices and municipalities, and a criminal advice with special supervision authority over the prisons. He was also in charge of the bailiff's doctor (since 1814) and the road inspector. The IV edict of 18 November 1817 abolished the previous twelve bailiwicks with effect from 1 January 1818 and replaced them with a more efficient middle instance, namely four district governments with sufficient personnel. The 7th district, established by the organisational manifesto of 1806, gave its name to Rottweil. The district comprised the upper offices of Hornberg, Rottweil, Spaichingen, Stockach and Tuttlingen. In 1810 it was transformed into the "Landvogtei am oberen Neckar", again with Rottweil as its official residence. In October 1908, the government of the Schwarzwaldkreis in Reutlingen transferred the existing files to the Archive of the Interior, where Rechnungsrat Marquart prepared a summary index of the individual alliances, which was used as a valid repertory in the Ludwigsburg State Archives until spring 1964. The repackaging of the holdings, carried out in late 1963, was used as an opportunity to carry out a somewhat more detailed indexing of the individual fascicles on the basis of their old inscriptions and to separate out the numerous files from the time of the Electoral Bailiwick (1803-1806). The latter are in future to be found in stock D 7 (Kurfürstliche Landvogtei Rottweil) according to provenance. All this work was carried out under the direction of the undersigned archive employee F. Röhrich. The undersigned himself endeavoured to rearrange the stock, whereby the predominant serial character of the files - probably to be explained by the official competence of the bailiff (outlined above) - suggested a simple grouping according to categories. In order to make the scope of the individual rubrics clearer, an alphabetical order has been omitted in favour of an arrangement according to certain factual aspects. 507 tufts on 8 m. Ludwigsburg, February 1964Dr. A. Seiler Literature: Alfred Dehlinger, Württembergs Staatswesen, Vol. I, Stuttgart, 1951.Walter Grube, Vogteien, Ämter Landkreise in der Geschichte Südwesttschlands Stuttgart 1960.

The file delivery of the Central Office for Trade and Commerce in Stuttgart. Von Walter Grube: The Königlich Württembergische Zentralstelle für Gewerbe und Handel (Royal Württemberg Central Office for Trade and Commerce) has assumed a particularly prestigious position among the authorities that the German states created for their economic administration in the 19th century. It originated as a state college under the Ministry of the Interior in the same revolutionary year of 1848, in which Prussia, Austria and Bavaria established special trade ministries; the notoriously thrifty Württemberg did not know its own ministry for economic affairs until the end of the monarchy, as Baden had in its trade ministry in 1860-1881. Nevertheless, the "Central Office", above all under the leadership of the great Ferdinand von Steinbeis (1856-1880), was successful in economic policy, which, in addition to the achievements of the ministries of trade and commerce of other countries, was quite impressive. It was thanks to the work of the Central Office that Württemberg, which was poor in raw materials, technically still lagging behind, and had unfavorable transport connections, soon became the actual state of state trade promotion, from which people for a long time tried eagerly to learn, not only in Germany. The Central Office played a decisive role in the restructuring of the Württemberg economic structure in the age of the Industrial Revolution. The historian of her first heyday in 1875 has divided her versatile field of activity into the following groups: 1. "Consultative services" in legislative and administrative matters: trade, customs, trade, banking and building legislation, coinage, measure and weight, commercial security police, iron and salt extraction, transport, taxation and more.a.; 2. teaching activities: trade schools, travelling teachers, trade training workshops, model and teaching material collection, trade model store, library, journalistic work, associations; 3. "Direct influence on commercial activity": markets, trade fairs, stock exchanges, exports, foreign commercial agencies; 4. direct influence on commercial activity": support with capital and technical suggestions for all branches of industry; 5. regimental activity" mainly as a state patent office, state exhibition commission, central authority for chambers of commerce and industry, state calibration authority and in the administration of commercial foundations. Among these activities, in the country conscious of its school tradition, "instructive work" has always rightly been regarded as a special glorious page of the Central Office; the Protestant Prelate Merz once called it a "jewel of Württemberg". Not least due to the educational work of the central office and the commission for the commercial further training schools founded in 1853, a down-to-earth tribe of recognised skilled workers grew from day labourers, small farmers' and vineyard gardeners' sons, from guilt-bound master craftsmen and a poorly developed trading class of that highly qualified entrepreneurship which, in addition to the broad stratum of vital small and medium-sized enterprises characteristic of Württemberg, has created many a company of world renown. The far-sighted way in which the Central Office, overcoming some resistance, drove trade promotion and economic policy in general at that time was still noticeable in its effects up to the crisis resistance of the Württemberg economy, which was widespread and much envied in the thirties of our century.After the state revolution of 1918 had also given Württemberg its own ministries for the economy (Labour Ministry and Food Ministry, 1926 united to form the Economics Ministry), the Central Office for Trade and Commerce was reorganised by decree of the State Ministry of 30 November 1920 under new distribution of responsibilities to the State Trade Office. For the organization of the state economic administration, this was not as revolutionary as the founding of the Central Office, with which a completely new epoch of Württemberg industrial history had begun. But the reorganization was more far-reaching than the repeated renewal of the "Basic Provisions" of 1848, through which the Central Office had repeatedly adapted itself to the changes in economic life and in the relationship between the state and the economy in the course of its seventy-year history. The Central Office, the creation of the revolution of 1848, thus underwent its strongest transformation to date through the revolution of 1918. As one can easily understand, the precipitation of files from the Central Office represents a unique source in the state sector for the economic history of Württemberg in the years 1848-1920. In addition, the Central Office had taken over not inconsiderable files of older semi-private institutions founded or sponsored by the state, such as the "Gesellschaft für Beförderung der Gewerbe" (Society for the Promotion of Trade) founded in 1830 and the "Handels- und Gewerbsverein" (Trade and Trade Association) founded in 1819, and later partly also the "Zentralstelle des landwirtschaftlichen Vereins" (Central Office of the Agricultural Association) established in 1817. The registry of the Stuttgart Central Office for Trade and Commerce in 1920, when it was transformed into the State Trade Office, contained the relevant records of a full century. The Central Office, like the majority of the 19th century ministries and state resource authorities, has not exercised little care in its registry. The first registry plan of the newly founded authority, which was first provisionally housed in the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, was drafted in 1850 by Reinhardt's secretary, a booklet of only 37 pages; it remained in force throughout the Steinbeis era until the early eighties. The files taken over immediately in 1848 by the Gewerbeförderungsgesellschaft and the Handels- und Gewerbeverein were incorporated into the individual departments of the registry in 1850. The same procedure was followed when, in 1882, on the occasion of the reorganization of the registry of the Central Office for Agriculture, the previous files of the Central Office of the Agricultural Association had been handed over to the association, as well as again in 1888, when papers from the estate of the well-known national economist Moriz Mohl were handed over to the association. In 1869 a separate room had to be set up for the registry, which until then had been housed in the only chancellery room, and the three "full-grafted" file shelves had to be increased by two new ones. In 1883, not long after the Director (and later President) Robert von Gupp took office, a fundamental reorganization of the further swollen registry overflowing into the corridors and attic had become indispensable. The work was transferred by the Ministry of the Interior to the civil servant Heberle of the Oberamt Schwäbisch Hall, since it could not be handled by the few civil servants of the central office, and was only completed after three years. The new registry plan drawn up by Heberle, now already a volume of 200 pages, has been preserved, while his repertory, four times as extensive, unfortunately did not come to us. For the first time, Heberle systematically separated the current registry (then 1109 fascicles) from the old registry (then 1242 fascicles). On the occasion of these works also the first file cassations of considerable size took place (about 180 fascicles and volumes). The surviving elimination lists show that this was done conscientiously and that there was probably very little collected, which would be of interest to the economic historian today. The order created in 1883-85 has survived the relocation of the central office to the new magnificent building of the Stuttgart State Trade Museum in 1896; even today, a large part of the files can be found in the fascicles formed and inscribed by Heberle. In the new building, in 1901-1902, the old registry, which had already grown into a proper official archive, could be separated and appropriately furnished in the attic. In 1905-1908, Obersekretär Hauser produced a new file plan of 800 pages for old and current registries, using but also improving the Heberleschen order, which was in use until the reorganization of the Central Office in 1920 and has fortunately been preserved. The fact that substantial parts of it then fell victim to the bombs of the Second World War is one of the most sensitive source losses for research. All files of the Central Office, which had been sent to the Ministry of Economy by the State Trade Office in the wake of the organisational changes of 1920, were burnt with the Ministry of Economy, including valuable files on chambers of commerce, trade contracts and customs 1819-1870 as well as on railways 1857-1913. Apart from the ruinous remains, all files of the Central Office that were still in the possession of the Stuttgart State Trade Office during the Second World War have also been destroyed, including not only extensive material from the first two decades of the 20th century, which was still curious at the time, but also some departments dating back a long way, some of which still had files from the "Gesellschaft für Beförderung der Gewerbe" (1830-1848) and its predecessors. These were once two larger deliveries by the Stuttgart State Trade Office from 1930 and 1939, a total of about 40 m (today inventory E 170), and the files of the Patent Commission of the Central Office, which were handed over by the Reich Patent Office in 1939 and which, according to the German Patent Law of 25 January 1877, were not available for inspection. The first volume was sent to Berlin in May 1877 (Reichsgesetzblatt pp. 501ff.) (11 m, today stock E 170a), and finally 60 volumes of invoices from the Zentralstelle (1848/49-1908/09, 2 m), which the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg had taken over in 1921 with the invoice section of the former Finanzarchiv (today stock E 224a). The existing registry aids, administrative repertories, handover and elimination directories no longer allow even a rough percentage to be given today of how the volume of this rescued document (a total of 53 linear metres) relates to that of the lost document. But on the basis of Hauser's file plan of the Central Office from 1905-1908 at least the larger and for research most perceptible gaps in the inventory handed down to us can be determined. For example, most of the minutes of the meetings are missing, the files on the well-known Stuttgart State Trade Museum (the second oldest in Europe) and those on the Information Centre for the Construction Industry; in addition to the diaries, the once demonstrably existing files on the large library of the Central Office - the most important of Germany's trade libraries -, on social insurance, industrial legal protection, building legislation, traffic with foodstuffs, luxury foods and utensils have been completely lost. Despite these and other gaps, the preserved files of the Central Office and its predecessors still represent an invaluable source for the economic history of the Württemberg royal period. It is well known that the records of the commercial enterprises, most of which grew out of small businesses, are often extremely incomplete and not easily accessible for general use; the valuable archives of the Stuttgart and Ulm Chambers of Commerce were almost completely destroyed by the Second World War. The central tradition of state industrial promotion thus offers not only the only opportunity to explore the great transformation process of the 19th century as a whole; it is also widely the only source both of the history of hundreds of individual enterprises and of the emergence of economic self-government. This source was already not completely unused. But for a long time, the partially quite inadequate degree of their development prohibited the real exploitation of them. Only the annual accounts of the Central Office (in inventory E 224a) did not require any special expenditure for archival finding aids. In chronological order, you will find detailed evidence of all measures for industrial education and support for trade, of each "sending experts abroad and appointing tradesmen from the same field" (as one of the invoice headings reads), of the purchase of models, drawings, samples, sample tools, machines and inventions, of exhibitions and prize distributions, of the introduction of new branches of industry and the upgrading of existing ones, of the promotion of the sale of goods, of trade associations and craftsmen, and finally of expenditure on fundamental studies of industrial development. Anyone looking for individual companies or persons in the accounts must of course, in order to reach their goal quickly, already be aware of the vintages in question, and must also be content with the fact that 19th century accounts, less informative than some from earlier times, essentially give facts and only rarely motives.In 1949, the State Archives Ludwigsburg was able to complete a hand-written archive repertory for the patent files of the Central Office (fonds E 170a), which had been taken over in 1939 without any index, during the executive board of the then Oberarchivrat Dr. Max Miller. In two volumes (with together more than 1000 pages) it lists the protocols of the patent commission and some general files as well as the chronologically arranged special files on all Württemberg patents examined by the central office in the years 1848-1877 (with name index). In addition, for the years 1841 to 1848, it makes accessible the relevant preparatory files of the Central Office of the Agricultural Association, which was responsible for the patent system at that time, characteristic of the Biedermeier view of commercial economy. The collection, easily accessible since 1949 (a total of 2373 tufts), contains patent files of Swabian inventors (e.g. Daimler, Max Eyth, Magirus, Gebrüder Mauser and Friedrich Voith) as well as numerous patent applications of non-Württembergians (from the rest of Germany, from other European countries and from America), all in all quite considerable documents for the history of technology. It proved to be more difficult for the archive administration to catalog the even more important and far more extensive file deliveries of the Landesgewerbeamt of 1930 and 1939, the first of which is already listed in K.O. Müller's printed "Gesamübersicht" of 1937 (fonds E 170). In the research service of the State Archives, especially since the Second World War, there have been repeated attempts to use these files for surveys of company histories and anniversaries. But the scarcity of the summary handover lists made this an always time-consuming and often unsuccessful effort. Even the question of individual facts and data could embarrass the archivist; there was absolutely no question of a systematic evaluation of the holdings for the economic and social history, which is becoming more and more important from year to year. Paul Gehring's important essays on Württemberg economic history in the 19th century had to be written without the use of these files, especially under the difficult working conditions of the war and post-war years. Under these circumstances, the production of a scientifically useful repertory became an urgent desideratum of both administration and research. Fortunately, in 1958, the efforts of State Archives Director Dr. Max Miller to obtain funds from the State Trade Office of Baden-Württemberg for the temporary employment of a legally and economically trained processor of these trade and commercial files were successful. The typewritten repertory E 170 comprises three state folio volumes of almost 1000 pages and, restored according to the Hauser file plan from 1905-1908, makes the holdings usable right down to their finest ramifications. Some of it certainly is of predominantly regional or even only local historical interest. But much of it shows in surprisingly rich detail how systematically the Central Office used the experiences and models of the then technically and socially advanced German and non-German states (above all Belgium and England) to raise the Württemberg economy. There are numerous files on the secondment of entrepreneurs, technicians and craftsmen abroad for technical and artistic training, on experiments with foreign machines and production processes, on the appointment of foreign specialists, on participation in major international exhibitions from Paris and London to Philadelphia and Melbourne. Thus, the collection of files shows the way in which a 19th-century German middle-class state developed its craft with comparatively modest but skilfully invested financial expenditures and helped its industry to become internationally competitive. At the goal of this way stood, that was the specifically Württemberg of a gemeindeutschen procedure per se, a quality industry of large variety and healthy decentralization. The typewritten finding aid was provided by Rudolf Denk, Walter Grube and Wolfgang Schmierer (completion 1969). Note: This finding aid book is a repertory which has been available only in typewritten form up to now and which has been converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Working Group on Retroconversion in the State Archives Ludwigsburg". This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the today partly outdated design and wording of the title records, in particular:- corrections, deletions and supplements were checked and incorporated.- The title records of archive units found to be missing were taken over and provided with a corresponding note ("Missing since ...." or similar).- If the allocation of new order numbers was unavoidable, the old signature was verified in the respective title record and in a separate overall concordance.

The history of the district governments: The district governments were established by the 4th Edict of 18 Nov. 1817 at the same time as the district chambers of finance were revoked in 1849. Previously, the entire administration in Württemberg had been led by a central government college, in which sections had been formed for the various branches of the administration, in addition to the district governorates, which had only little competence and were called bailiwick bailiwicks from 1810 onwards, as well as the municipal and district authorities. The division of the country into districts and the creation of provincial colleges was modelled on the French Departmental Constitution of 1789, which also formed the basis for a new administrative organisation in other German states at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1818 it was put into effect, and at the same time the sections of internal administration, medicine, roads, bridges, hydraulic engineering, local government and the Commission for Municipal Use and Allodification of Farm Loans existing in the Ministry of the Interior, the section of crown domains, the section of state accounts, the section of agriculture, the section of state coffers in the Ministry of Finance, the section of foundations in the Ministry of Church and Education were abolished.After the instruction of Dec. 21. In 1819, the district governments were the supreme authorities in their area for all matters of state administration in the field of regimes (sovereign administration), the state police and the state economy, and for the administration of the property of municipalities, official bodies and foundations, insofar as these objects were not assigned to other district or central offices (Chambers of Finance as well as Protestant Consistory, Catholic Church Council, Academic Council, Superior Building Council, Provincial Stud Commission, Medical College, Superior Chamber of Accounts, Tax College, Forestry Council and Bergrat).The old 1819 directive was valid for 70 years, it was only replaced by the Decree of 15 Nov 1889 on the organisation of district governments and the course of their business. Their business was handled by a president as a member of the board, administrative councils and collegial assessors as well as the necessary office staff. For the technical consultation a county medical council was temporarily assigned to the health service, for the road, bridge and hydraulic engineering of the municipalities a construction council, another for the building industry of the municipalities and foundations an expert was assigned, for the permissions of steam boiler plants. Business was transacted partly through collegial consultation and decision-making, partly through the office.In the course of time, a number of important tasks were transferred from the original tasks of the district governments to other middle and central authorities, such as the Ministerial Department for Road and Water Construction (1848), the Central Office for Agriculture (1848), the Central Office for Trade and Commerce (1848), the Ministerial Department for Building Construction (1872), the Corporate Forestry Directorate (1875), the Medical College (1881) and the Higher Insurance Office (1912).After 1870, new tasks arose for the district governments through new Reich and state laws, namely the Industrial Code, the laws on the formation of district poor associations, on the administration of administrative justice, on the representation of Protestant church and Catholic parishes and on the compulsory expropriation of land. In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the water law was reorganized, social legislation was expanded and direct supervision of large and medium-sized cities was allocated. In 1924, in the course of the dismantling of civil servants and offices, the district governments were replaced by a new ministerial department for district and corporate administration, affiliated to the Ministry of the Interior, for all competences which were not transferred to the higher offices and the ministry.Literature- Alfred Dehlinger, Württembergisches Staatswesen, 1951 - 1953 (esp. § 127)- Handwörterbuch der württembergischen Verwaltung, edited by Dr. Friedrich Haller 1915- Denkschrift über Vereinfachungen in der Staatsverwaltung vom 27.2.1911, in: Verhandlungen der Württ. Zweiten Kammer 1911/12, Beilage 28, S. 385ff. (Dep. of the Interior). To the district government of Ellwangen: The seat of the Jagstkreis government established at the beginning of 1818 was Ellwangen. She was in charge of the higher offices of Aalen, Crailsheim, Ellwangen, Gaildorf, Gerabronn, Gmünd, Hall, Heidenheim, Künzelsau, Mergentheim, Neresheim, Öhringen, Schorndorf and Welzheim. While the number of senior offices in the district government remained constant, the composition of the districts was changed by the law of the 6th District Court in 1889.7,1842 The change in the delimitation of the upper administrative districts concerned the following change: from OA Aalen the municipality Jagsthausen to the municipality Westhausen, OA Ellwangen and from OA Schorndorf the municipality Aichschieß with Krummhardt to OA Esslingen.Until 1839, the district government was jointly responsible with the district finance chamber for the administration of the old Ellwang archive, which was subsequently under the direction of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the archive management until it was handed over to the state branch archive in Ludwigsburg in 1868. Four years later, the latter was entrusted with the exclusive supervision of this archive (information from Dr. A. Seiler. The records of Ellwangen Monastery and Abbey in the Ludwigsburg State Archives, 1976, page 7 and E 175 Bü 214). Structure, order and distortion of the inventory: In November 1924, the processing office - registry of the district government of Ellwangen - handed over the remainder of the registry to the state branch archive in Ludwigsburg (from 1938: state archive of Ludwigsburg) - in contrast to the other 3 district governments, which had already made larger deliveries to the archive of the Interior around 1900, the first delivery of their own files since the foundation of the district government to a competent archive (so far inventory E 175 I/III files and volumes). Among these irreplaceable written materials were the older personal files of the officials of the district government and the upper offices, the diaries and directorates of the district government until 1870 and the upper office visits until 1889. Other documents were transferred to the successor authorities as a result of the transfer of responsibilities (see above) and in the course of the liquidation transactions, in 1924 primarily to the higher offices and the ministerial department for district and corporate administration in Stuttgart. The old plans of Ellwangen, which were kept in the registry of the district government, were handed over to the Ellwangen Antiquities Society by the settlement office, as can be seen from a letter of the Ministerial Department for District and Corporation Administration dated 3 Nov. 1924 in E 175 Bü 214 (see E 175 Büschel 207 and 214 for the history of the registry).From the files and volumes of the district government (inventory E 175 I) delivered at the end of 1924 with a handover index of 39 pages (inventory E 175 I), a handwritten find book was produced in 1936/37 according to the fascicle inscriptions. The separation and redrawing of the volumes followed in 1977 (inventory E 175 III). Two supplementary volumes produced in the years 1970 and 1983 recorded the files of the district government, which were partly separated by the ministeiral department itself, partly from their holdings in the State Archives Ludwigsburg during indexing work (holdings E 173 II). The newly formed holdings E 175 consist of the previous partial holdings as follows:- E 175 I Kreisregierung Ellwangen - Akten, alt Bü. 1-531, now E 175 Bü. 174-6483.- E 175 III Kreisregierung Ellwangen - volumes, old vol. 1-173, now E 175 volume 1-173 - E 175 II Kreisregierung Ellwangen - files (supplements), old vol. 1-1069, now E 175 vol. 6484 - 7564 The new indexing of the before only roughly indexed main stock E 175 I took place in the given order of the files and groups of files which largely corresponded to the original arrangement at the Kreisregierung (groups of files in simple alphabetical order). In the subsequent structuring of the finding aid book, larger and thus clearer main groups were formed, whereby the composition of the subgroups themselves was not changed and as such appear in the system; the more recent title entries for the volumes and supplements could be transferred to the main holdings almost unchanged. Of these, 0.6 linear metres were classified in inventory F 169 Oberamt Gmünd, 1.5 linear metres of economic and bar licences from the years 1798-1822 were formed as a separate file inventory E 251 V Steuerkollegium, further documents (duplicates of forms and printed matter) in the amount of 0.3 linear metres. For 471 plans and cracks still attached to the files, reference maps for the inventory JL 590 were produced. The indexing of the files and indexing according to places and persons was carried out by the archivist Erwin Biemann from March 1988 to May 1992. The structure and editing of the finding aid book was provided by the undersigned, the fair copy of the finding aid book by means of EDP provided Mrs. Hildegard Aufderklamm. The title entries of the finding aid book and the corresponding indices contain all individual cases by place and person (in the case of families only the name of the applicant) due to the detailed indexing of the file groups citizenship - citizenship and emigration. Ludwigsburg, February 1995Hofer Zur Retrokonversion: This finding aid book is a repertory that was previously only available in handwritten or typewritten form and was converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Working Group on Retroconversion in the Ludwigsburg State Archives".In this so-called retroconversion, the basic structure of the template and the linguistic version of the texts were retained in principle (motto: "copy instead of revision"). This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the partly outdated design and formulation of the title recordings. Corrections, deletions and additions were verified and incorporated.

The history of the district governments: The district governments were established by the 4th Edict of 18 Nov. 1817 at the same time as the district chambers of finance were revoked in 1849. Previously in Württemberg the entire administration had been led by a central government college in which sections had been formed for the various branches of the administration, in addition to the district governorates, which had only little competence and were called bailiwick bailiwicks from 1810 onwards, as well as the municipal and district authorities. The division of the country into districts and the creation of provincial colleges was modelled on the French Departmental Constitution of 1789, which also served as the basis for a new administrative organisation in other German states at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1818 it was put into effect, and at the same time the sections of internal administration, medicine, roads, bridges, hydraulic engineering, local government and the Commission for Municipal Use and Allodification of Farm Loans existing in the Ministry of the Interior, the section of crown domains, the section of state accounts, the section of agriculture, the section of state coffers in the Ministry of Finance, the section of foundations in the Ministry of Church and Education were abolished.After the instruction of Dec. 21. In 1819 the district governments in their district were the highest authorities for all objects of the state administration in the field of regimes (sovereign administration), the state police and the state economy and for the administration of the property of the municipalities, official bodies and foundations, insofar as these objects were not assigned to other district or central offices (Chambers of Finance, Protestant Consistory, Catholic Church Council, Study Council, Superior Building Council, Provincial Stud Commission, Medical College, Upper Chamber of Accounts, Tax College, Forestry Council and Bergrat).The 1819 directive was valid for 70 years and was only replaced by the Decree of 15 Nov. 1889 on the organisation of district governments and the conduct of their business. The business of the district governments was conducted by a president as executive committee, administrative councils and collegial assessors as well as the necessary office staff. For technical advice, a county medical council was temporarily assigned to the health service, a construction council for the road, bridge and hydraulic engineering of the municipalities and foundations, another for the construction of the municipalities and foundations, and an expert was assigned to the approvals of steam boiler plants. Business was transacted partly through collegial consultation and decision-making and partly through the office.In the course of time, a number of important tasks were transferred from the original tasks of the district governments to other middle and central authorities, such as the Ministerial Department for Road and Water Construction (1848), the Central Office for Agriculture (1848), the Central Office for Trade and Commerce (1848), the Ministerial Department for Building Construction (1872), the Corporate Forestry Directorate (1875), the Medical College (1881) and the Higher Insurance Office (1912). After 1870, new tasks arose for the district governments through new Reich and state laws, namely the Industrial Code, the laws on the formation of district poor associations, on the administration of administrative justice, on the representation of Protestant church and Catholic parishes and on the compulsory expropriation of land. In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the water law was reorganized, social legislation was expanded and the large and medium-sized cities were directly supervised. In the case of the tasks of the internal state administration to be performed by the district governments, these were either the decisive or the decreing authority of the first instance or the supervisory and complaints authority or the examining and mediating authority.In the course of the reduction of civil servants and offices, the district governments were replaced in 1924 by a new ministerial department for district and corporate administration, affiliated to the Ministry of the Interior, for all responsibilities that were not transferred to the upper offices and the ministry.Literatur- Alfred Dehlinger, Württ. Staatswesen, 1951 - 1953 (esp. § 127)- Handwörterbuch der Württ. Verwaltung, edited by Dr. Friedrich Haller, 1915- Denkschrift über Vereinfachungen in der Staatsverwaltung vom 27.2.1911, in: Verhandlungen der Württ. Zweiten Kammer 1911/12, Beilage 28, S. 385ff. (Dep. of the Interior). Ludwigsburg district government: Ludwigsburg was the seat of the government of the Neckar district established in 1818. It was in charge of the city administration and the Stuttgart higher office as well as the higher offices Backnang, Besigheim, Böblingen, Brackenheim, Cannstatt, Esslingen, Heilbronn, Leonberg, Ludwigsburg, Marbach, Maulbronn, Neckarsulm, Vaihingen, Waiblingen and Weinsberg. She was also directly responsible for the men's workhouse in Vaihingen/Enz. The district government exercised supervision over the Neckar Circle's Landarmenbehörde (poor country authority), based in Ludwigsburg. Regarding the history of the collection and its redrawing: After more than 70 years of existence, Registrator Bilfinger carried out a radical reorganization of the registry for the first time in 1864-1867 at the Ludwigsburg district government. At that time it still contained numerous files from the period 1806-1817, taken over by predecessor authorities, in particular the section of the internal administration (upper government), the section of the local administration and the section of the foundation system (crown domain section, 3rd section). Due to filing overcrowding, around 138 hundredweight files - mainly specialia - were collected. Only the files from 1846 remained in the current registry, the older files before 1846 were placed in a depot. At the same time Bilfinger, based on the older registration plans of 1832 and around 1850 - with division of the files into Generalia and Spezialia as well as alphabetical arrangement of the file bundles (categories) - produced in 1867 a file plan comprising all registration parts, which was valid up to the dissolution of the district government in 1924 at the same time, above mentioned depots were transferred, with few exceptions, in 1910 because of repeated lack of space to the archive of the interior. With this delivery also extensive files of the former Landvogtei an der Enz (now in stock D 75) as well as the files about the lower service examinations (old E 173 V) arrived, from which in 1979 the examination works in the amount of 4.7 running metres were collected.In 1924, after the abolition of the district governments, the processing office of the registry of the former district government Ludwigsburg handed over the bulk of the files to the state branch archive Ludwigsburg, smaller parts above all to the ministerial department for district and corporation administration and to the upper offices as successor authorities, from which they later were to be transferred to the state branch archive Ludwigsburg.T. again reached the State Archives Ludwigsburg via other places (cf. E 173 I Bü 1590: Filing excretion at the District Government Ludwigsburg with directories). the General Acts have essentially been handed down in their entirety, whereas in the Special Acts irreplaceable losses are to be deplored. While a considerable part of the cassation of 1864-1867 was already a victim, in 1944 a bomb attack in Stuttgart destroyed most of the special files from the delivery of 1924, namely the sections "Departures to Scholarships" and with these the protocols and diaries of 1846-1924. Only two years earlier, former Rechnungsrat G. Wörner had recorded these files in the State Archives of Ludwigsburg (old repertory E 174 I). Because of the unclear division of the records of the district government into several partial collections (E 173 I - E 173 V), for which mostly only summary deliveries and archive directories used as finding aids were available, a fundamental redrawing was urgently necessary in the interest of research. The mass of the volumes, in particular the diaries and protocols 1818-1845, had already been made independent, ordered and listed as fonds E 173 II in 1971. Since 1974, the files have been indexed using the numerus currens-procedure in the given order of the alphabetically ordered file headings, which were separated into Generalia and Spezialia. After completion of the indexing, the general records of the various old holdings were formed as holdings E 173 I, the special records as holdings E 173 III. Here the title records of the same rubrics from the different registry layers (deliveries) were arranged into each other and finally the numerous file rubrics - for E 173 I and III in the same way - were summarized under newly formed main rubrics in order to better structure the stock in the factual context. This had the consequence, however, that the numerical order on which the files were based could not be made in the repertory (spring numbers). inventory E 173 I now unites the generalia - the delivery of 1910 (from inventory E 173), - the delivery of 1924 (originally inventory E 174, then E 173 IV), and - the deliveries and supplements after 1924 (unlisted) = Büschel 1-1599.Stock E 173 III consists of the specials:-the delivery of 1910 (from stock E 173) = Büschel 1 - 7518--the delivery of 1924 (from stock E 174, then E 173 IV rubrics Criminal Cases - Forced Expropriations, rubrics Alms Scholarships 1944 burned) = Bü 7520-8674 -the deliveries and supplements after 1924 (stock E 173 V) = Büschel 8675-8823.Dr. Wolfgang Schmierer and archive employee Erwin Biemann were responsible for the development of the E 173 I collection. In 1986, Dr. Schmierer was responsible for the final work, during which numerous foreign provenances were excavated, but those of only a few documents were left in the files, and the provenance was generally noted in the title entry. The excavated documents with a total volume of 8.3 linear metres could be incorporated here into existing B, D, F and IL holdings (from E 173 I = 1.5 linear metres, from E 173 III = 6.8 linear metres). 0.5 linear metres of files (from E 173 III) were submitted to the Main State Archives in Stuttgart for storage. A total of 8 linear metres of files were cassated (from E 173 I = 3 linear metres, from E 173 III = 5 linear metres). files of the Ludwigsburg district government are in stock E 162 I, Medizinalkollegium, in stock E 166 I-IV, Ministerialabteilung für den Straßen- und Wasserbau, in E 180 II-V, Ministerialabteilung für Bezirks- und Körperschaftsverwaltung and in E 184 I, Zentralkommission in Ablösungssachen.The stock E 173 I comprises 1599 tufts with a circumference of 34.4 linear metres of shelving.Ludwigsburg, 3 February 1986Dr. Wolfgang Schmierer On retroconversion: This finding aid book is a repertory that was previously only available in handwritten or typewritten form and was converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Retroconversion Working Group in the Ludwigsburg State Archives". This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the partly outdated design and formulation of the title recordings. Corrections, deletions and additions were verified and incorporated.

Preliminary remark: Karl Hein was born on 20 February 1901 in Frankfurt/Main. After passing the one-year voluntary examination, he joined the Royal Prussian Railway Administration in Frankfurt in 1916, where he was initially employed in field service at railway stations and offices as well as in telegraph and radio service. In 1927 he won a prize at the 4th International Telegraph Competition in Como and obtained the Funkpatent I in Berlin. Great. From 1934 to 1941, he was responsible for drawing up express train timetables and bus traffic on Reichsautobahnen in the timetable department of the Reichsbahn Directorate in Frankfurt. Between 1941 and 1945 he organized the Wehrmacht vacation traffic and courier services at the Reich Ministry of Transport in Berlin. Immediately after World War II, Karl Hein was employed as a travel official at the Frankfurt regional office of the United States Zone in connection with U.S. Railway stations (Railway Grand Divisions and Second Military Railway Service), where he was responsible for rebuilding rail traffic. From 1947 until his retirement in 1964, he was employed in the operations department of the Head Office of the Railways (HVE), later the Head Office of the German Federal Railways (HVB), from 1947 until his retirement in 1964, and from 1948 as head of their travel agency. In this function, Karl Hein had the task of organising and supervising train journeys for high-ranking personalities, in particular heads of state and members of government, at home and abroad. Since he took part in these special train journeys himself, he came into personal contact with almost everything that had rank and name in the Federal Republic of the 50s. Among others he accompanied Theodor Heuss, Heinrich Lübke, Konrad Adenauer, Ludwig Erhard, Charles de Gaulle, Schah Reza Pahlevi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, Alcide de Gasperi, Emperor Haile Selassie I. of Ethiopia, King Paul I. of Greece, Archbishop Makarios, etc.The highlight of his career was undoubtedly his participation in Adenauer's trip to Moscow in 1955, which resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between Bonn and Moscow and the release of the German prisoners of war. For his work he received numerous awards, such as the Federal Cross of Merit and Officer's Crosses of Orders in Italy, Greece, Madagascar and Liberia. Karl Hein collected numerous memorabilia on his travels, especially postcards and photos, but also file material, invitation cards, travel programs etc. and kept them carefully, partly glued on photo cardboard and inscribed. This collection was donated by his daughter Lydia von Prondzynski, Bad Oberdorf, to the Ludwigsburg State Archives in 1991. It documents not only a special piece of railway history at a time when trains were still travelling as "rolling embassies" of statesmen through documents about technical details of the trains looked after by Karl Hein and about the condition of the routes travelled, but also allows a charming look behind the scenes of major state visits.The present stock PL 718, which comprises 0.4 linear m = 15 archive units, was ordered and indexed by the undersigned in February 1991. The computer-aided fair copy of the repertory was obtained by Hildegard Aufderklamm.Ludwigsburg, March 1991Leuchweis

On the history of the district governments and the district government of Ulm: The district governments were brought into being by the 4th edict of 18 Nov. 1817 at the same time as the Finance Chambers, which were revoked in 1849. Previously, in Württemberg the entire administration had been led by a central government college in addition to the district governorates, which had only little authority and were called bailiwick bailiwicks from 1810 onwards, as well as municipal and district authorities, where sections were formed for the various branches of administration. The division of the country into districts and the creation of provincial colleges was modelled on the French Departmental Constitution of 1789, which also formed the basis for a new administrative organisation in other German states at the beginning of the 18th century. In 1818 it was put into effect, and at the same time the sections of internal administration, medicine, roads, bridges, hydraulic engineering, local government and the commission for communal use and allodification of peasant loans existing in the Ministry of the Interior, as well as the section of crown domains, the section of state accounts, the section of agriculture, the section of state treasuries in the Ministry of Finance, the section of foundations in the Ministry of Church and Education were abolished.After the instruction of Dec. 21. In 1819 the district governments in their district were the supreme authorities for all matters of state administration in the field of regimes (sovereign administration), the state police and the state economy and for the administration of the property of municipalities, official bodies and foundations, insofar as these objects were not assigned to other district or central offices (Chambers of Finance as well as Protestant Consistory, Catholic Church Council, Study Council, Superior Building Council, Provincial Stud Commission, Medical College, Upper Chamber of Accounts, Tax College, Forestry Council and Bergrat).The old 1819 directive was valid for 70 years, it was only replaced by the Decree of 15 Nov 1889 on the organisation of district governments and the course of their business. Their business was handled by a president as a member of the board, administrative councils and collegial assessors as well as the necessary office staff. For technical advice, a county medical council was temporarily assigned to the health service, a construction council for the road, bridge and hydraulic engineering of the municipalities and foundations, a construction council for the construction of the municipalities and foundations, and an expert for the approval of steam boiler plants. Business was transacted partly through collegial consultation and decision-making, partly through the office.In the course of time, a number of important tasks were transferred from the original tasks of the district governments to other middle and central authorities, such as the Ministerial Department for Road and Water Construction (1848), the Central Office for Agriculture (1848), the Central Office for Trade and Commerce (1848), the Corporate Forestry Directorate (1875), the Ministerial Department for Building Construction (1872), the Medical College (1881) and the Higher Insurance Office (1912).After 1870, new tasks arose for the district governments through new Reich and state laws, namely the Industrial Code, the laws on the formation of district poor associations, on the administration of administrative justice, on the representation of Protestant church and Catholic parishes and on the compulsory expropriation of land. In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the water law was reorganized, social legislation was expanded, and direct supervision of large and medium-sized cities was assigned to the district governments, which were responsible for the internal state administration - see the following table of contents - either as the decisive or the enacting authority 1. In the course of the dismantling of civil servants and offices, the district governments were replaced in 1924 by a new ministerial department for district and corporate administration, affiliated to the Ministry of the Interior, for all responsibilities that did not pass to the upper offices and the ministry. (Literature: Alfred Dehlinger, Württembergisches Staatswesen, 1951 - 1953 (especially § 127); Handwörterbuch der Württembergischen Verwaltung, edited by Dr. Friedrich Haller, 1915; Denkschrift über Vereinfachungungen in der Staatsverwaltung vom 27.2.1911, in: Verhandlungen der Württ. Zweiten Kammer 1911/12, Beilage 28, S. 385ff. The seat of the government of the Danube district established in 1818 was Ulm (district government of Ulm). It was responsible for the upper offices of Biberach, Blaubeuren, Ehingen, Geislingen, Göppingen, Kirchheim, Laupheim (before 1842 Wiblingen), Leutkirch, Münsingen, Ravensburg, Riedlingen, Saulgau, Tettnang, Ulm (with Albeck since 1819), Waldsee and Wangen. Equally ordered to these, but without the powers of the "high police" and the general state administration, were the - in 1849/50 dissolved - sovereign offices (patrimonial offices) Aulendorf (Gräfl. Königsegg-Aulendorfsches Amt), Buchau, Obermarchtal, Obersulmetingen and Scheer (Fürstl. Thurn and Taxis offices), Castle Waldsee (Prince Waldburg - Wolfegg - Waldsee Office), Wolfegg and Wurzach (Prince Waldburg-Wurzachs offices) and Zeil (Prince Waldburg - Zeil - Trauchburgs Office). In addition, it was in charge of the port management in Friedrichshafen, which was set up to handle the shipping and port police as well as the passport and alien police at the Württemberg port and landing areas. The district government exercised supervision over the Landarmenbehörde für den Donaukreis with its seat in Ulm. On the history of the registry: The large volume of files in the district governments, due to their extensive business activities, brought with it a periodically recurring overfilling of their registries, which in the 19th century was accompanied by cassations (maculation and sale of old files), after 1900 by duties to the archives of the interior or Extensive cassations took place at the district government in Ulm on the occasion of the relocation of the district government from the German House to the so-called Palais in 1859 and at an internal transfer of the chancellery in 1876 (cf. elimination lists in E 179 II Büschel 6565). Since everything that had lasting i.e. legal value for the administration was preserved according to instructions, the central, historically most valuable written record of the district government since its foundation was preserved despite these and other smaller cassations.Until the reorganisation of the registry in 1906, the registry of the district government of Ulm consisted of five departments (registries), most of which had their origins in previous authorities; in detail, these were Department I - II Regierungssachen, Spezialia und Generalia, Department III - IV Kommunsachen, Spezialia und Generalia (based on the registry of the municipal administration section) and Department V Registratur der Stiftungsverwaltung (according to the old classification, cf. Repertorium D 50). Within these departments, the files - with the exception of the foundation cases - were in alphabetical order.When the registrar Narr took office in 1887, the registry was in a precarious state, which he described as follows: "There is no repertory, the boxes and compartments are not numbered, the latter are not provided with rubrics, the fascicles are not overwritten, so that the official is only dependent on his memory and for months the files have not been repositioned" (report of 4.6.1887 in E 179 II Büschel 278a /85). This was remedied by the preparation of a file plan, which involved the external and internal reorganization of the registry. This now consisted essentially in the summary of rubrics - the original alphabetical order of the files had long since been broken - , in the division of the fascicles arranged according to objects according to places or according to the alphabet of the personal names from the year of engraving 1860 as well as in the allocation of storage place signatures according to boxes and subjects (see "Repertorium" in E 179 II Vol. 392).Change in the still largely outdated registry conditions was created in 1906 by Secretary General Nell with the amalgamation of the five departmental registries and the introduction of a registry plan comprising both the current and the depots of the 19th century with alphabetically arranged main sections, systematically subdivided sub-groups and box signatures (see "Repertorium" in E 179 II Vol. 393). After the abolition of the district governments in 1924, the processing office of the registry handed over the files of the former district government of Ulm to the state branch archives as well as to smaller parts of the ministerial department for district and corporate administration and to the upper offices (v.a. Civil rights files - admission, naturalizations, dismissals) as successor authorities, from which they later in part were transferred to the Ludwigsburg State Archives via other offices (cf. list of departures to E 173 - 180). To the order and distortion of the stock: For the use of the files of the district government Ulm only cursory archive and handover directories were available in the State Archives Ludwigsburg so far, which did not satisfy scientific requirements.As part of the longer-term re-drawing of the holdings of the four district governments, the inclusion of the official books of the Ulm district government was completed in 1970 (Repertorium E 179 I by Walter Böhm and Walter Bürkle). In contrast, the indexing of the file holdings begun in 1966, which was accompanied by a re-forming of the heavy and unwieldy file collections, took almost two decades. In spite of a wide range of official demands, the first arranger, Amtsrat Müller, with the temporary support of archive inspector candidate Joachim Herzer, was able to record almost half of the total 213.6 metres of shelving until his retirement in 1977. The title recording for the second part was made - with the assistance of the temporary employee Wally Vogler, who ordered and recorded the administrative administration of justice - by Karl Hofer, Councillor of the Office, from 1982 to 1984, who also edited the finding aid book.In fonds E 179 II, Kreisregierung Ulm, the following individual fonds have now been added (see also above):1. Delivery of the Kreisregierung Ulm from 1906 (to the Archiv des Innern): a) Generalia, developed by Archivrepertorium by Rechnungsrat Marquart from 1908 (Bund 1 - 99) as well as provisional Zettelrepertorium by Amtsrat Müller from 1966 ff. (Bü 1 - 986), 14 m. M (so far fonds E 179 );b) Spezialia, indexed as a) (Bund 1 - 381) as well as provisional note repertory by Amtsrat Müller 1966 ff. (Bü 1 - 1983), 70 current M (so far fonds E 179 III);2nd delivery of the processing office of the registry of the district government Ulm from 1924 (to the Staatsfilialarchiv Ludwigsburg): General and special files after 1906 with extensive old files, indexed by the delivery directory from Dec. 1924 (Bund 1 - 517) as well as provisional note repertory by Amtsrat Müller 1966ff. (Bü. 3834 - 4157) and Amtsrat Hofer with the collaboration of Zeitangestellten Vogler (Bü. 4158 - 8485) 119.5 m (so far fonds E 179 III);3. Delivery of the ministerial department for district and corporate administration in Stuttgart from 1924 (to the Staatsfilialarchiv in Ludwigsburg): Supplements, indexed by the delivery index of Nov. 1924 (Bund 171 - 212) as well as a preliminary repertory of notes by Amtsrat Müller and Archivinspektoranwärter Herzer from 1974ff. (Bü. 3001 - 3833), 13.5 linear metres (so far collection stand E 173 - 180);4. Deliveries from the State Archives Sigmaringen (received there from the Regierungspräsidium Tübingen and from district offices) as well as from the Main State Archives Stuttgart (from the inventory of the Ministry of the Interior) from 1980 - 1983: Supplements, unlisted, title recordings 1984 by Amtsrat Hofer, 1.25 linear metres. M (= fonds E 179 IV) Foreign provenances were excavated to a greater extent from the 1906 delivery, but in the case of only a few documents were left with the files and the provenance assignment was noted in the title entries (see overview of foreign provenances in the appendix of the preliminary remark). The excavated documents could be assigned to already existing archival holdings, namely D 48a, Upper Government of the Department of Criminal Investigation and Upper Police Department or the Section of Internal Administration from 1806 - 1817 (access 4 m), D 49, Landesökonomiekollegium or Section of Municipal Administration from 1806 - 18917 (access 1.50 m), D 37, Section of Crown Domains and Foundations from 1811 - 1817 (access 9.5 m) and D 79 - 82, Districts and Bailiwicks from 1806 - 1817 (access 2.3 m). A total of 0.8 linear metres of records were handed over to the Main State Archives in Stuttgart and the State Archives in Sigmaringen, while 4 linear metres of records were cashed in for the Low Service Examination. ), it was possible for the benefit of the future evaluation of this extensive document delivery to form a total stock from the individual deliveries on the basis of this file plan. The title entries for the newer parts could be sorted back on the basis of the file numbers which are assigned analogously for the older parts ("Generalia - Spezialia"). the title entries created in the numerus currens-procedure kept their numbering even after the classification, so that the numerical order is preserved in the magazine, but not in the repertory. The original double numbering of the stocks "Generalia" and "Spezialia" could be eliminated by renumbering the "Spezialia" Büschel 1 - 1983 in Büschel 1001 - 2983, thanks to a larger numbering gap. The stock E 179 II has a circumference of 213.6 m. The highest order number is 8689. Order numbers that are not assigned are documented in the section on "Retroconversion".Ludwigsburg, August 1985Karl Hofer Fremdprovenienzen (ordered by the seat of the authorities): Allmendingen, SchultheißenamtBiberach, OberamtEhingen, KreisamtFreiburg, Vorderösterreichische StiftungsbuchhaltungGeislingen, OberamtGöppingen, Landvogtei an der Fils an. Rems und LandvogteiamtKonstanz, Bischöfliches Offizialat- ,Bischöfliches OrdinariatLeutkirch, Stiftungsverwaltung und HospitalpflegeRavensburg, Landvogteiarzt - , OberamtRiedlingen, OberamtStuttgart, Herzogliche Regierungsun- , Herzoglicher (Württ.) War Council- , Ministerial Department of District and Corporate Administration- , Ministry of the Interior- , Oberfinanzkammer - Department of Direct, Regular and Extraordinary Taxation- , Oberlandesökonomiekollegium- , Oberlandesregierungs- , Oberregierung - Regiminaldepartement and Oberpolizeidepartement , Section of Direct and Indirect Taxation- , Section of Internal Administration- , Section of Municipal Administration- , Section of Municipal Administration- , Section of Crown Domains, 3. Dept. The following are listed: Foundation Section, Road, Bridge and Water Construction Section, Municipal Use Section, State Debt Section, Administrative and Redemption Commission, Tax College, Tutellarratettnang, OberamtUlm, Landvogtei an der Donau and Landvogteiarzt, OberamtUrach, Landvogtei auf der AlbWeingarten, Kgl. Württ. (Provisional) Administration- ,Landvogtei am Bodensee Zur Methode: This finding aid book is a repertory that was previously only available in handwritten or typewritten form, which was converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Working Group on Retroconversion in the State Archives Ludwigsburg". In this so-called retroconversion, the basic structure of the template and the linguistic version of the texts were retained in principle (motto: "copy instead of revision"). This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the partly outdated design and formulation of the title recordings. Corrections, deletions and additions were verified and incorporated. Both the regular and the a numbers were checked, missing numbers were recorded in a separate list (see below). List of missing and unassigned order numbers: missing numbersentry on deputy in magazine 203to 8459 208not applicable 229to 6028 245to 8461 250to 5416 255resolved 299to 5887 363- [missing in magazine] 634to 5093 709to 708 760not occupied 761not occupied 762not occupied 763not occupied 764not occupied 765not occupied 766not occupied 767not occupied 768not occupied 769not occupied 770not occupied 987not occupied 988not occupied 989not occupied 990not occupied 991not occupied 992not occupied 993not occupied 994not occupied 995not occupied 996not occupied 997not occupied 998not occupied 999not occupied 1000not occupied 1463resolved 1468resolved 1542not occupied 1544not occupied 1548to 6417 1558to 5880 2018resolved 2656not occupied 2929not occupied 3376not occupied 3587not occupied 3588not occupied 3589not occupied 3590not occupied 3591not occupied 3592not occupied 3593not occupied 3627not occupied 3798not occupied 3799not occupied 3800not occupied 3801not occupied 3802not occupied 3803not occupied 3804not occupied 3805not occupied 3806not occupied 3807not occupied 3808not occupied 3809not occupied 3810not occupied 3811not occupied 3812not occupied 3813not occupied 3814not occupied 3815not occupied 3816not connected 3817not connected 3818not connected 3819not connected 3820not connected 3821not connected 3822not connected 3823not connected 3824not connected 3825not connected 3826not connected 3827not connected 3828not connected 3829not connected 3830not connected 3831not connected 3832not connected 3833not connected 3897not connected 4141not connected 7243- [missing in magazine] 7523not applicable 8635resolved 8638not assigned

Preliminary remark: On the history and administration of the districts and bailiwicks 1806-1817 cf. the preliminary remark on repertory D 71 (bailiwick on the upper Neckar), the seat of the 6th district established by the organisational manifesto of 1806 was Rottenburg. The district comprised the upper offices Balingen, Herrenberg, Horb, Rosenfeld, Rottenburg, Sulz and Tübingen. In 1810 it was transformed into the Landvogtei (bailiwick) on the middle Neckar with its official seat in Rottenburg. In October 1908, the government of the Schwarzwaldkreis in Reutlingen transferred the existing files to the Archive of the Interior, where Rechnungsrat Marquart prepared a summary index of the individual alliances, which was used as a valid repertory in the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg until spring 1964. The repackaging of the collection carried out in late 1963 was taken as an opportunity to produce a somewhat more detailed distortion of the individual fascicles on the basis of their old inscriptions in the same process. This work was carried out under the direction of the undersigned archivist F. Röhrich. The undersigned himself endeavoured to reorganise the unsystematically structured stock, whereby the predominant serial character of the files, probably to be explained from the office competence of the bailiff, prohibited the production of a systematic file plan and suggested a simple grouping according to categories. In order to make the scope of the individual rubric clearer, an alphabetical order was omitted in favour of the arrangement according to certain factual aspects.files of the same provenance (3 tufts) are found in fonds B 88a (v. Freyberg, Freiherren zu Wellendingen) Büschel 133-135. They may have reached the baronial archive as hand files of the Rottenburg district governor Nikolaus Christoph v. Freyberg-Eisenberg on Wellendingen, Worndorf and Hopferau. The archives of the district office Rottenburg and/or the bailiwick at the middle Neckar listed in the supplement (by state archives council Dr. Seiler) were only determined after conclusion of the available repertory in the late year 1964. 239 tufts on 7.2 m. Ludwigsburg, March 1964Dr. A. now comprise the holdings. Seiler On Retroconversion: This finding aid is a repertory that was previously only available in handwritten or typewritten form and has been converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format. In this so-called retroconversion, the structure of the template and the linguistic version of the texts were basically retained (motto: "transcription instead of revision"). This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the partly outdated design and formulation of the title recordings.

Preliminary remark: The law of 13 August 1865 (Reg. Bl. p. 243) prescribed the maintenance of commercial registers in Württemberg. The provisions of the Commercial Register were clarified in the order of 31 October 1865 (Reg. Bl. S. 448ff). The commercial register was therefore divided into two main sections, namely a register for sole proprietorships and a register for companies; the latter included all public limited companies (AG), limited partnerships on shares (KGaA) and limited liability companies (GmbH), and in the period in question also limited partnerships (KG) and general partnerships (OHG). Initially, 4 commercial courts in Stuttgart, Heilbronn, Ulm and Reutlingen kept the commercial registers; after the Württemberg judicial reform of 1868, the (higher) district courts were responsible (Reg. Bl. p. 410). Until 1924, the district court district of Stuttgart-Stadt encompassed the area of the Stuttgart city directorate (excluding Cannstatt, Untertürkheim and Wangen). As a result of the administrative and court reform of 1923/24, the district court of Stuttgart-Amt was dissolved (see inventory F 305); the Sprengel was assigned - with the exception of Feuerbach - to the district court of Stuttgart-Stadt (now: Stuttgart I) (Reg. Bl. von 1924, p. 71). After the dissolution of the Stuttgart Higher Administrative Office in 1938, the court district was also adapted to the administrative boundaries; a large part of the towns fell to the Esslingen and Böblingen District Courts. The commercial register files recorded in this repertory were handed over to the State Archives by the Stuttgart District Court in 1984. They span the period from 1865 to 1938 and include not only sole proprietorships, but also all forms of corporate firms. 1986/87 the files were recorded and packaged by the temporary employee Margot Göbel and various students of the company under the supervision of Nikolaus Back. The undersigned revised the title records with regard to computer-assisted data acquisition using the "MIDEREGA" data processing mask from the "MIDOSA" program package of the Baden-Württemberg State Archive Administration. Hildegard Aufderklamm got the fair copy. Ulrike Leuchtweis completed the final corrections and revision of the index. Ludwigsburg, March 1990Dr. Nicole Bickhoff-Böttcher On December 10, 1992, the district court of Stuttgart delivered its commercial register volumes from 1865 to 1937 to the state archives of Ludwigsburg (access 1992/100). The volumes were signed and recorded at the end of 1993 by Hans Jürgen Seifried under the guidance of the undersigned. In the course of this, three volumes (previous signatures F 303 II Bü 529-531) already existing in fonds F 303 II were assigned to the fonds FL 300/31 II (Genossenschaftsregister) under new signatures of the volume series. Ulrike Leuchtweis, January 1994 In the course of the archive-fair repackaging of the files and the retro conversion of the finding aid book 2006-2009 the past collecting fascicles of the existence were dissolved. Each commercial register file received an individual tuft number, so that the old tufts 1-528 were re-signed into the new tufts 1-4484. The old tuft numbers are noted under pre-signature 3. The comparison between the finding aid register and the files showed that some files were not recorded in the finding aid register. These were subsequently recorded as tufts 4485-4501. The number of the last commercial register entry is noted in the file title after the company name (e.g. E 1/148: Volume 1 of the register for individual companies, Sheet 148). According to this number the find book is now also sorted. Vorsignatur 2 names the file number of the local court Ulrike Leuchtweis, September 2009

On the history of associations: The beginnings of associations date back to the 18th century. In the 19th century, associations were founded on a grand scale, especially in the cities, where they became an important part of bourgeois culture and self-confidence. This was particularly evident in the pre-March period, when numerous clubs (e.g. also gymnastics clubs) were of political importance, and therefore the clubs appear in official records mainly in the upper offices and district governments that supervised the police. In contrast to other federal states, there was no special association law in Württemberg. The relevant regulations were found in the Criminal and Police Act of 1839. After that, polit. Associations must report their foundation to the responsible regional office and submit their statutes. However, the presentation of the statutes could also be demanded from non-political associations if "the government had cause for well-founded concerns" (Art. 15 Police Criminal Law of 1839, Reg.bl. p. 611). Participation in associations for unlawful political purposes" was punishable by imprisonment (Art. 139, Penal Code of 1839, Reg.bl. p. 101). The first coherent regulation of the association system in Württemberg represented the Bundestag resolution of 1854, which was introduced in 1855 in Württemberg (regulation concerning the regulation of the association system). This meant, however, a tightening of the existing association law, which was however revoked after the death of King William I. again. In Württemberg, there was no longer any legal basis for restrictions on freedom of association, police surveillance of closed societies and coalitions. Official action against associations was only possible in the case of a violation of the general penal laws. An association law was not enacted. The right of association and assembly had been a Reich matter since 1871 (Art. 4 Reichsverfass.). Until the adoption of the Reichsvereinsgesetz on 19.4.1907, however, only a few special areas were regulated by the Reichsgesetz, and the register of associations was introduced together with the BGB on 1.1.1900. However, unions and political parties (not even local associations) are not included in the register of associations; they renounced the status of an association with legal capacity in order not to be subject to numerous restrictions. If an association described itself as "political", it accepted the police law supervisory and intervention norms, e.g. also the Reichsvereinsgesetz of 1907, or exposed itself to a possible objection of the administrative authority (§§ 612, 622 BGB), but if it did not describe itself as "political", the state could withdraw its legal capacity from it as soon as a political decision was taken. This formal legal discrimination, however, did not mean any significant restriction of the right to form a coalition; the trade unions thus renounced the legal form of the registered association even after 1918, although the above-mentioned paragraphs of the BGB were repealed. The district court district of Stuttgart-Stadt encompassed the area of the Stuttgart city directorate until 1924 (excluding Cannstatt, Untertürkheim and Wangen). In the course of the administrative reform of 1923/24, the district court of Stuttgart Amt was dissolved and passed to Stuttgart Stadt (new name: district court of Stuttgart I). The district court of Cannstatt was renamed the district court of Stuttgart II and comprised the Stuttgart districts right of the Neckar river and Feuerbach. The same procedure was followed for later incorporations. However, Zuffenhausen and Stammheim came at their incorporation in 1931 and 1942, respectively, despite their geographical distance to the district court Stuttgart I (today, however, they belong to the district court Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt). Processor's report: The available files were handed over on 2.8.1984 by the district court Stuttgart (Tgb. Nr. 3477/3478) and received first the signature FL 300/31. The association register files were assigned, however, to the F stocks, since they contain entries 1900-1943 and a new counting of the association register begins after 1945 (FL 300/31, entrance 1974).The title recordings were made by the Zeitangestellte Emma Edling and the Werkschülerin Barbara Seiler. 1396 Büschel.Ludwigsburg, October 1986(gez. Back)

I. On the history of the medical administration in Württemberg: The health care system already received a comprehensive and thorough promotion through the Great Church Constitution of Duke Christopher of 1579 in Altwürttemberg. A special section on physicians and wound physicians dealt with their ability to practice internal and external medicine, with the support of pharmacies to strengthen and maintain the power of the people, and with the care of the poor. supervision of the health system was then entrusted to the ducal church council with the involvement of experts, namely the two Collegia medica (medical bodies), which consisted of the ducal physicians in Stuttgart and the professors of the medical faculty in Tübingen.Over the years, health promotion has been supplemented by a series of special regulations and all existing provisions on doctors, wound doctors, pharmacists and midwives have been combined into a whole by the two medical regulations of 30.10.1720 (Reyscher XIII p. 1185) and 16.10.1755 (Reyscher XIV p. 416). In 1734 a medical college was set up for the epidemic police, and from 1755 the medical deputation had to watch over the health of humans and animals. King Friedrich then put the promotion of the health service on a modern basis. Instead of the medical deputation, he set up a special directorate, the Royal Medical Department, in the organizational manifesto of 1806 for the administration of the "medical institutions and the medical service", which was transformed into the Section of the Medical Service in 1811. It consisted of two personal doctors and two junior doctors under the administration of the interior. According to an instruction dated 23.6.1806 (Reg.Bl. p. 32), its tasks included the supervision of all main and auxiliary health care personnel and all public hospitals as well as the prevention of human and animal diseases. In addition, the two Collegia medica continued to exist. The "Physio" were subordinated to the Medical Department. According to the general decree of June 3, 1808 (Reg. Bl. p. 313) they had to make sure that the medical persons belonging to their district complied with their duty. The health service in the countryside was then regulated in detail by the general decree of March 14/22, 1814 (Reg. Bl. p. 121), which adapted the medical constitution to the new division according to upper offices and bailiwicks. Each senior office received a public health officer under the name of Senior Medical Officer, who was to supervise all medical institutions and the other medical personnel, inspect the pharmacies and the wound doctors and their instruments, and instruct and inspect the midwives. In each bailiwick one of the senior physicians was also employed as a bailiff's doctor. He had the higher supervision over these institutions and persons and was obliged to check the medical conditions in his bailiwick's district every four years. The health care system was reorganised by King Wilhelm's decree of 6 June 1818 (Reg. Bl. p. 313). The section of the medical system was transformed into the Medical College, but only the purely technical objects were taken over by it: The health police and the management of the health police institutions were assigned partly to the Ministry of the Interior and partly to the new district governments, to which (until 1881) a practising doctor, the district medical doctor (the former bailiff's doctor), was assigned as an extraordinary member. Against the fear of being buried alive, the statutory post-mortem examination was introduced by decree of 20.6.1833 (Reyscher XV.2 p. 1016). The pharmacies were already under the supervision of the health administration according to the directive of 1807. A new task for the promotion of public health was brought by the decree of 14.3.1860 (Reg.Bl. p. 37) on the supervision of the traffic with meat. After the entry of Württemberg into the German Reich, the development of the Württtemberg health care system could continue without change for the time being. Through the Constitution of the Reich, the Reich had reserved to itself only the supervision and legislation on "measures of the medical and veterinary police" and had established the Reich Health Office for this purpose. The structure and tasks of the higher health authority in Württemberg were adapted to the development of the economy and medical science in recent years by ordinance of 21.10.1880 (Reg. Bl. 1881, p. 3) and decree of 21.6.1881 (Reg.Bl. p. 398). The Medical College was then "the central authority for the supervision and technical direction of medical and public health care". The district governments were thus eliminated. Accordingly, the county medical councils were abolished and their tasks were transferred partly to the senior physicians and partly to the medical college. Medical College, Department of State Hospitals" for the processing of objects via the State Hospitals, the State Midwifery School and the lunatic system, and a further department called "Royal Medical College, Veterinary Department" was established to handle all business in the field of veterinary medicine. The Medical College was repealed by law of 15.12.1919 (Reg.Bl. p. 41) on the reorganization of the health system with effect from 1.1.1920. Its tasks were transferred by decree of 17.12.1919 (Reg.Bl. p. 420) to the Ministry of the Interior and the authorities and institutions subordinated to it. TWO. On the history of the holdings: The files of the Medical College were delivered in four volumes (1911, 1921, 1930 and 1957) to the Ludwigsburg State Archives, partly directly and partly via the Ministry of the Interior, and have since been listed in the general overview as individual holdings. In the current reorganisation, they have been combined to form a single portfolio. In the course of this work, the files on the state hospitals - which until 1880 had not been directly subject to the Medical College - were excavated and combined into a special collection (now E 163, Administration of the State Hospitals). In addition to the files of the Medical College (1818-1920) and its previous authorities, the Medical Department (1806-1811) and the Section of Medical Science (1811-1817), the present holdings E 162 I also contain individual files of the ducal medical deputation, which were left in the holdings for reasons of expediency. In addition, the files on pharmacies that had grown up with the four district governments and had entered the registry of the Medical College in 1909 were retained. Occasionally there are also archives of the superior authority of the Ministry of the Interior. Diaries of the Supervisory Commission for State Hospitals were attached to the diaries of the Medical College. Since the incorporation of this commission into the Medical College, they have in any case been included in the diaries of the Medical College together with the veterinary department of the Medical College, which had also been newly formed, and the holdings were re-recorded in 1971-1977 by the archivist Erwin Biemann and the undersigned and brought into the present order. It was not possible to fall back on the old registry structure. The holdings E 162 II contains personal files of doctors, dentists, surgeons, obstetricians, veterinarians and pharmacists of the same provenance. Ludwigsburg, 15 December 1977W. Bürkle

1. On the history of the authorities: In the Duchy of Württemberg the Latin schools were usually established by church offices and occupied by theologians as teachers. Local supervision was exercised by the respective "scholarchate", which was subordinate to the church convent and the consistory. It was not until the organisational manifesto of 1806 (Reyscher XI, 341) that a special secular secondary school authority was created for Württemberg, the upper directorate of studies or upper directorate of studies. The president of this authority, who was also chancellor of the University of Tübingen, was initially only in charge of the university, the Tübinger Stift, the evang theological seminars and the grammar schools. In 1817 the Oberstudiendirektion received the designation "Königl. Studienrat". He was now also entrusted with the supervision of the Latin schools, while the University of Tübingen was directly subordinated to the Ministry of Church and Education. With the exception of the university, the Wilhelmsstift and the elementary schools, the Studienrat was the supreme authority for all educational institutions. He was in charge of the district inspections of the Latin schools, the Lyceums and grammar schools with the associated secondary schools and institutions of the country. In addition to the supervision of all public secondary schools, he supervised the scientific and moral education of the students, their health care and the benefits. He determined the teachers and servants, hired them and dismissed them. The study council had the direct supervision over the grammar schools, Lyceums and the evang. seminars, for the lower Latin schools, the higher citizen schools and the secondary schools existed a middle place in the common upper offices and the district school inspectors, the since 1839 existing polytechnic school in Stuttgart, which 1829 as Gewerbeschule in connection with the secondary and art school created (Reg.Bl. 1829, p. 16), however 1832 (Reg.Bl. S. 395) was separated from these again and continued as an independent educational institution, was directly subordinated to the Ministry by order of the Ministry for Church and Education of 16 April 1862 § 52 (Reg.Bl.Bl. p. 109), which emerged from the "Geistliche Departement" created by King Frederick Friedrich, without any intermediate authority. The aim was to simplify the course of business and bring the ministry closer to the schools. As a secondary school authority, however, the ministerial department remained a state authority. The Minister brought important matters, which had previously had to be submitted in writing, mostly to the collegial consultations held under his chairmanship. The other, less important matters were dealt with by the departmental board in a collegial or office manner. The law of 1.7.1876 (Reg.Bl. p. 267) brought a reorganization in the local supervision: Institutions with upper classes were now subordinated to the upper study authority (ministerial department), the remaining schools were supervised by the local school authority. These local school commissions consisted of local heads and local chaplains. They were only abolished by the "small school law" of 1920 and their tasks were transferred to the school board. By announcement of the Ministry of Church and Education of 8.8.1903 (Reg.Bl. p. 456), the Ministerial Department for Schools and Real Schools received the designation "Royal Ministerial Department for Secondary Schools". Their duties remained the same. Its position vis-à-vis the secondary schools was twofold: 1. it was the highest authority in matters that fell within the competence of the Ministry; 2. it was the highest authority in matters that fell within the competence of the Ministry; 3. it was the highest authority in matters that fell within the competence of the Ministry. Important matters were dealt with through collegial consultations chaired by the Minister or his deputy. The other matters were dealt with through the rapporteurs' presentations. As an independent state college, it was the secondary school authority in all areas of higher education, insofar as they did not fall within the direct competence of the ministry itself. After the collapse in 1945, the ministerial department was abolished as a special office. Their tasks were taken over by the ministries of education and cultural affairs of the regions in northern and southern Württemberg, which were separated by the occupation authorities. With the reunification of the state of Baden-Württemberg and the founding of the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952, high school offices were set up at the regional councils as middle instances, which took over individual subordinate administrative tasks from the ministry. 2. on the history of the collection: Most of the files on hand arrived from the Ministry of Culture in Stuttgart in 1949 and 1950 (Tgb.-No. 287 and 393/49 or 685/50). The files of the headmaster's office and the study council concerning the University of Tübingen and the Polytechnic School in Stuttgart had already been handed over to the State Archives by the Ministry of Culture in 1908. Both educational institutions were, as mentioned above, under the direct control of the ministry since 1817 and 1862 respectively. Finally, in 1953, after the reunification of the two parts of the state of North Württemberg and Südwürttemberg-Hohenzollern, which had been separated by the occupying powers after the collapse of 1945, the State Archives of Sigmaringen handed over to the State Archives the local records of the higher schools in their area, which had been transferred there in 1949. The reorganization of the holdings by the undersigned, with the help of the archive employee W. Böhm, began in 1960. It was interrupted several times by other work, even over a period of years, and was not completed until 1971. In addition to the files of the Oberstudiendirektion (1806-1817), the Studienrat (from 1817) and the Ministerialabteilung (from 1866), the collection also contains the files of the Konsistorium über die Lateinschulen for the years 1806-1817 as well as the files of the Kommission für die höhere Mädchenschulwesen (Commission for the Higher Schools for Girls) established in 1877-1905 (established by the law of 30 June 1876).12.1877, Reg.Bl. p. 294; repealed by law of 30.12.1877, Reg.Bl. p. 294; repealed by law of 27.7.1903, Reg.Bl. p. 254) were left here since their duties were later taken over by the Ministerial Department for the Secondary Schools. Finally, there are still isolated files of different provenance, mostly pre-files, which were left in the inventory for reasons of expediency, but were marked as such in the corresponding place. 1805 the inventory now comprises tufts = 42 linear metres. The holdings E 203 I (personal files of the teachers) and E 203 II (admission work for the teaching profession at secondary schools) contain files of the same provenance Ludwigsburg, August 1973W. Bürkle

Content and Evaluation The Supreme (Land) Government was founded in 1806 as a collegial authority in the execution of the manifesto of King Frederick I's organization. It seems that the contemporary chancellory lists were uncertain about their correct spelling, at any rate the variants "Oberregierung" and - according to the predecessor authority in Ellwangen - "Oberlandesregierung" were represented almost equally frequently in the written material. The name is also misleading, because the authority was not a government in the current sense, but only a department of the Ministry of the Interior with responsibility for the so-called Regiminal Subject. According to the opinion of the time, this included in particular the safeguarding of the royal sovereignty rights, police matters throughout the country with the exception of the residential cities of Stuttgart and Ludwigsburg, the supervision of all state officials with the exception of the administration of justice, and the confirmation of elections to magistrate and other offices, Issues of subjects' and citizens' rights including emigration (deduction and after-tax), participation in military conscription, matters of prisons, breeding, labour and orphanages, poor institutions, trade, commerce and crafts as well as fire insurance. In 1807 the government college was divided into three subdepartments. In addition to the Department of Criminal Investigation, the Department of Police was established for security and police matters and the Department of Lending for feudal matters. On July 1, 1811, the responsibilities of the Department of Criminal Investigation and the Department of Police were reassigned to the Section of Internal Administration. In 1817 the newly founded district governments finally took over the tasks of this section. The present collection contains the special files of the category 'Princes' from the registry of the Supreme Government or the Section of Internal Administration, which is arranged alphabetically according to categories, although this title is rather misleading. In fact, the written records hardly concern relations with princely houses, and also the possessions of the often feared domestic and foreign class rulers located in Württemberg play at best a subordinate role in the holdings at hand. On the contrary, the contemporary registrars used the term 'princes' as a synonym for 'sovereigns', but they were not completely consistent, as the few files relating to cities or the monastery of St. Wolfgang in Engen show. In the main, the files deal with the interaction with the directly or indirectly neighbouring sovereign states, more than three quarters of the material concern relations with the Empire of France, the Grand Duchy of Baden and the Kingdom of Bavaria. In accordance with the turbulent times, war events, military, police (searches) and security matters play a prominent role, as do disputes over competing claims to sovereignty in the newly acquired former imperial territories and cities, trade blockades and customs harassment, as well as a colourful conglomeration of reciprocal attacks by authorities, officials and ordinary citizens on actual or alleged possessions of the respective neighbours and the retaliatory measures taken by them, but also efforts to achieve a contractual balance (borders, rights, disparities).) are represented. The files prove - particularly impressive in the case of the Landgraviate of Nellenburg, which was first allocated to Württemberg in 1806, the provisional Württemberg offices of Weiltingen and Nördlingen or the areas around Wiesensteig and Geislingen, Tettnang, Ravensburg and Ulm, which were also only briefly owned by Bavaria - the restlessness and often misunderstandings in the Paris treaties of 1810 until the settlement, The situation in the border regions was marked by provocations and acts of violence, the break-up of grown structures (such as parish priests), the abrupt interruption of road connections, the capping of rights, customs and habits by the new borders, and the liquidation of the structures created by the previous owners and the conditions left behind in the towns and regions that had finally become Württemberg after the State Treaty of 1810. D 44 is an almost flawless provenance collection, only in isolated cases do the files originate from predecessor or successor authorities (Bü 112: 'Retardatenkommission'; Bü 441 and 562: Oberlandesregierung Ellwangen; Bü 528: Fürststift Ellwangen). The local or regional assignment of each file follows the use of the registry of the upper government, which has assigned each operation to a particular ruling dynasty, but has not always done so correctly. Therefore, individual title recordings can reflect facts or events that cannot actually be expected from their territorial-dynastic classification, as for example in Bü 159, which contemporary registrars have assigned to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, but which contains mainly correspondence with the government in Karlsruhe due to the former Hanaulichberg places of reference in Baden since 1803. The - also already contemporary - assignment of the Büschel 379 to the Grand Duchy of Baden is not at all comprehensible from a factual point of view, since it is a matter of the request of the court chamber of Hesse and Darmstadt in Arnsberg for extradition of the documents relating to the Teutonic Order commander Mülheim from the archives of the Grand Master government in Mergentheim. Originally, the collection was divided into 59 bundles or federations, the contents of which were reproduced in the Marquart repertory (1912) only in keywords. In the course of the reworking these bundles were dissolved into a total of 673 individually recorded files with a total volume of 4.4 linear metres. The main running time ranges from 1806 to 1817, pre-files (mostly copies) go back to 1460, individual post-files have been added until 1834. Ludwigsburg, November 2010 Dr. Peter Steuer

Preliminary remark: The Oberschulamt Stuttgart was established by decree of the provisional government of Baden-Württemberg of 07.10.1952 and took over part of the tasks of the dissolved cult ministry of Württemberg-Baden (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1952 No. 12 of 11.10.1952). According to the State Administration Act of 07.11.1955 it is - like the other three secondary school offices - a higher special authority (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1955 No. 22 of 23.11.1955). as the upper school supervisory authority, the Oberschulamt Stuttgart is responsible, among other things, for supervising the schools in the administrative district of Stuttgart, for supervising the heads of schools and teachers, and for supervising the state education offices (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1964 No. 12 of 13.05.1964 and 1973 no. 23 of 30.11.1973). the personal files of teachers at elementary, secondary and special schools recorded here have mostly grown up at the Oberschulamt Stuttgart and were handed over to the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg in 1977. The previous files going back to the year 1903 were created by the respective predecessor authorities (see preliminary remarks to the repertories E 202 and E 203 I). 1978 and 1979 the order and indexing of the holdings EL 204 I was carried out by the temporary employee Anita Hundsdörfer under the direction of the archive inspectors Heinrich Graf and Wolfgang Schneider. The personnel files were sorted alphabetically and numbered consecutively so that, with only a few exceptions, the order of the files at the storage location is identical to the list in the finding aid book. In addition to the usual details, the title list also contains the last position, the last place of employment and the year of retirement or death. The final work was carried out by the undersigned.Ludwigsburg, December 1980Schneider

Preliminary remark: The Reichsmusikkammer was founded as one of seven individual chambers of the Reichskulturkammer, i.e. the National Socialist compulsory organisation of the "creative artists", with the law of 22.09.1933 (additional ordinances of 01. and 09.11.1933). The Reichskulturkammer was a corporation under public law, was subordinate to the Reichspropaganda Minister as President of the Reichskulturkammer and served to monitor and direct cultural life in the "Third Reich". Every culturally active person had to be a member of the responsible individual chamber, non-inclusion or exclusion resulted in a professional ban, which was rigorously enforced. The Reichsmusikkammer was divided into individual districts. For Württemberg, Baden and Hohenzollern, from 1933 onwards, the state leadership of Southwest Germany housed in Stuttgart, Friedrichstrasse 13 (the house of the oppressed Württemberg SPD and its "Tagwacht" printing works) was initially responsible. On 01.04.1938 the Landesstelle Baden, which until then had been subordinated to the Landesleitung Südwestdeutschland, was made independent as the Landesleitung; the former Landesleitung Südwestdeutschland therefore subsequently operated as the Landesleitung Württemberg-Hohenzollern. The files of the Reichsmusikkammer - Landesleitung Südwestdeutschland and Württemberg-Hohenzollern, respectively, arrived at the Ludwigsburg State Archives in December 1964 via the Stuttgart Archive Directorate. It is no longer possible today to determine from where and under what circumstances they arrived at the Main State Archives in Stuttgart. Presumably the files were taken over in the chaotic months after the collapse in 1945. The inventory comprised about 320 standing files of about 30 m and was partly mixed with files of the inventory K 746 (Reichskammer der bildenden Künste - Landesleitung Stuttgart).Two departments were formed during the order and recording of the inventory, which began in 1971:- K 745 I Administrative files- K 745 II Personal filesThe personal files grew up in the years 1933-1944 and seem - in contrast to the administrative files - to be without larger gaps. The collection contains not only the personal files of the regular members of the Reichsmusikkammer (i.e. full-time or part-time musicians and music teachers), but also those of the persons exempted from membership of the Reichsmusikkammer (leisure musicians, music bands and associations), as well as occasional correspondence with foreign musicians and scholarship candidates.Among the 8542 individual files are the personal files of well-known musicians and composers, e.g. Hubert Deuringer, Hugo Distler, Robert Edler, Hubert Giesen, Hugo Herrmann, Eva Liedecke-Hölderlin, Karl Münchinger and Heinz Schlebusch, which in some cases, however, say very little. nevertheless, in one case or another they might be informative. In addition to the files of the soloists and ensemble musicians on the state and municipal stages and the numerous private music teachers, the frequent personal files of primary school teachers working in music and music education are of interest. The latter not only contain statements that are relevant for the respective person (which cannot usually be collected elsewhere), but often also provide information about village cultural conditions. Among the elementary school teachers, there are also the sharpest critics of the regulating and levelling activities of the Reichsmusikkammer. Judgments such as that of the main teacher W. Berner (Bü 8378): "The Reichsmusikkammer prevents music instruction in the countryside rather than promoting it" are - generally well-founded - frequently found in the correspondence between the teachers and the chamber. Finally, particular attention should be paid to the personal files in which examination papers are contained (and are consistently indicated in them), since some of these contain extensive assessments by the examiners. Hugo Distler, for example, whose own personal file is almost insignificant, has made numerous handwritten judgments on the pianistic abilities of the candidates in numerous examination procedures.1971-1972 The inventory was recorded under the direction of the undersigned by A. Berwanger, G. Zöllner and R. Vahle.Ludwigsburg, March 1973Dr. Wolfgang Schmierer[NACHTRAG:]In 2000, the card index was processed for conservation reasons as part of the retroconversion of older finding aids. Several temporary staff were involved in the computer recording, in particular Andrea Mahler and Sabine Dörlich. Inge Nesper was in charge of the incorporation of corrections, and the alphabetical order was retained for the EDP recording. Civil names and artist names were recorded in separate data records and displayed in the comments field. An examination of the numbering revealed that individual personnel files were not recorded in the index and that seven order numbers were not assigned. Ludwigsburg, December 2000Dr. Barbara Hoen

The history of the district governments: The district governments were established by the 4th Edict of 18 Nov. 1817 at the same time as the district chambers of finance were revoked in 1849. Previously, the entire administration in Württemberg had been led by a central government college, in which sections had been formed for the various branches of the administration, in addition to the district governorates, which had only little competence and were called bailiwick bailiwicks from 1810 onwards, as well as the municipal and district authorities. The division of the country into districts and the creation of provincial colleges was modelled on the French Departmental Constitution of 1789, which also formed the basis for a new administrative organisation in other German states at the beginning of the 19th century. In 1818 it was put into effect, and at the same time the sections of internal administration, medicine, roads, bridges, hydraulic engineering, local government and the Commission for Municipal Use and Allodification of Farm Loans existing in the Ministry of the Interior, the section of crown domains, the section of state accounts, the section of agriculture, the section of state coffers in the Ministry of Finance, the section of foundations in the Ministry of Church and Education were abolished.After the instruction of Dec. 21. In 1819, the district governments were the supreme authorities in their area for all matters of state administration in the field of regimes (sovereign administration), the state police and the state economy, and for the administration of the property of municipalities, official bodies and foundations, insofar as these objects were not assigned to other district or central offices (Chambers of Finance as well as Protestant Consistory, Catholic Church Council, Academic Council, Superior Building Council, Provincial Stud Commission, Medical College, Superior Chamber of Accounts, Tax College, Forestry Council and Bergrat).The old 1819 directive was valid for 70 years, it was only replaced by the Decree of 15 Nov 1889 on the organisation of district governments and the course of their business. Their business was handled by a president as a member of the board, administrative councils and collegial assessors as well as the necessary office staff. For the technical consultation a county medical council was temporarily assigned to the health service, for the road, bridge and hydraulic engineering of the municipalities a construction council, another for the building industry of the municipalities and foundations an expert was assigned, for the permissions of steam boiler plants. Business was transacted partly through collegial consultation and decision-making, partly through the office.In the course of time, a number of important tasks were transferred from the original tasks of the district governments to other middle and central authorities, such as the Ministerial Department for Road and Water Construction (1848), the Central Office for Agriculture (1848), the Central Office for Trade and Commerce (1848), the Ministerial Department for Building Construction (1872), the Corporate Forestry Directorate (1875), the Medical College (1881) and the Higher Insurance Office (1912).After 1870, new tasks arose for the district governments through new Reich and state laws, namely the Industrial Code, the laws on the formation of district poor associations, on the administration of administrative justice, on the representation of Protestant church and Catholic parishes and on the compulsory expropriation of land. In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the water law was reorganized, social legislation was expanded and direct supervision of large and medium-sized cities and direct supervision of large and medium-sized cities was assigned. In the case of the tasks of the internal state administration to be carried out by the district governments, these were either the deciding or the decreing authority of the first instance, or the supervisory and complaints authority, or the evaluating and mediating authority. 1924, in the course of the removal of civil servants and offices, the district governments were replaced by a new ministerial department for district and corporate administration, subdivided into the Ministry of the Interior, for all competences which did not pass to the upper offices and the Ministry.Literature- Alfred Dehlinger, Württembergisches Staatswesen, 1951 - 1953 (esp. § 127)- Handwörterbuch der württembergischen Verwaltung, edited by Dr. Friedrich Haller 1915- Denkschrift über Vereinfachungen in der Staatsverwaltung vom 27.2.1911, in: Verhandlungen der Württ. Zweiten Kammer 1911/12, Beilage 28, S. 385ff. (Dep. of the Interior). To the district government of Reutlingen: The seat of the government of the Black Forest district, established at the end of 1817, was Reutlingen (Reutlingen district government), which was responsible for the upper offices of Balingen, Calw, Freudenstadt, Herrenberg, Horb, Nagold, Neuenbürg, Nürtingen, Oberndorf, Reutlingen, Rottenburg, Rottweil, Spaichingen, Sulz, Tübingen, Tuttlingen (with exclave Hohentwiel) and Urach. Furthermore, the workhouse for women in Rottenburg, which was affiliated to the prison for female prisoners in Gotteszell in 1907, was subordinated to her. While the number of senior offices in the district government of Reutlingen remained constant until 1938, the districts themselves experienced a decline in the number of senior offices in the district government of Reutlingen as a result of the law of 6 July 1938.1842 on the amendment in the delimitation of the administrative districts subsequent amendments:- from OA Herrenberg the municipality Hagelloch to OA Tübingen, - from OA Neuenbürg the municipalities Dennjächt, Ernstmühl, Liebenzell, Monakam, Unterhaugstett and Unterreichenbach to OA Calw- from OA Nürtingen the municipality Grabenstetten to OA Urach, Hausen am Tann and Roßwangen to OA Rottweil,- from OA Tübingen the municipality Altenriet to OA Nürtingen and- from OA Urach the municipality Pliezhausen to OA Tübingen and the municipality Eningen to OA Reutlingen.The above-mentioned places may therefore appear in the search book under different regional offices, which has to be taken into account in individual cases. Structure, order and distortion of the inventory: Present holdings E 177 I essentially contain the records handed over to the Ludwigsburg State Archives by the registry office of the district government in Reutlingen on December 3, 1924 - a torso in relation to the original records.A considerable number of the registry files had already been withdrawn and collected in 1823, 1835, 1848, 1853, 1863, 1872, 1889 and finally 1924, including the records until 1850, the business diaries until 1870 and the directorates until 1830 (cf. Further files had been handed over to the following offices for reasons of competence:- 1873 to the ministerial department for building construction (building files),- 1908 to the archive of the interior (files of the county Ober- und Niederhohenberg zu Rottenburg, the bailiwicks Black Forest, on the Alb, on the upper Neckar and on the middle Neckar, the Churfürstl. 1924 finally to the 17 upper offices of the district, to the ministerial department for district and corporate administration, to the ministerial department for building construction, to the regional trade office, to the trade and supervisory office, to the catholic high school council, to the ministerial department for higher schools and/or to the ministerial department for the higher schools. The files handed over to the Archive of the Interior as well as parts of the files handed over to the Ministerial Department for District and Corporation Administration and the Higher Offices (above all the Higher Offices Reutlingen and Urach) later came from these offices directly or via successor authorities (District Administrator's Offices) or the Ministerial Department for Technical Schools (see E 177 I Büschel 301 and 4393). In 1937, the State Archives Ludwigsburg, under the direction of the subsequent Director of the State Archives Prof. Grube, undertook a makeshift order and indexing of the holdings, which he described in the find book as follows: "The registry of the Reutlingen district government was handed over to the State Branch Archives in 1924 with an inadequate handover register of 5 pages. The older registry plan (with keyword register) and a keyword register of 1910 designated as "Repertorium", which was also handed over, were also not sufficient for the determination of the actually existing files. Since it is not possible in the foreseeable future to keep an internal order for the somewhat confused holdings and to separate the files that are not worthy of archiving, the present repertory was produced by Hausverwalter Isser in 1935 on the occasion of the external order of the holdings as a temporary auxiliary measure according to the fascicle inscriptions. As part of the revision of the holdings of the district governments in the Ludwigsburg State Archives from 1986 to 1990, the undersigned, together with the temporary employee Karin Steißlinger, who opened up the extensive administrative legal cases, made new title records for the various partial holdings of the Reutlingen district government (E 177 I, E 177 III and without signature). The registry was based on a simple systematic order introduced after 1863 by Registrator Bregizer and Chancellor List Wenz, according to which the files were divided into the main groups A Regiminal and B Police files with 19 and 13 rubrics respectively; the file bundles themselves were correspondingly provided with file signatures, i.e. with letters and numbers of the stands (boxes) and compartments. After the new indexing had been completed, the title records created using the numerus currens-procedure were sorted according to the old file plan, but the structure of the file groups in the finding aid book was made clearer and without the division into two parts of the Regiminal and Police Administration. Of these, 0.5 linear metres were allocated to the files available here (Kreisreg. Ludwigsburg, Ellwangen and Ulm, Commission for the Clean-up of the Official and Municipal Association, Ministerial Department for District and Corporation Administration). The Main State Archives received 0.6 linear metres (mainly old-valued files) and the State Archives Sigmaringen 1.6 linear metres (files of the higher offices), while 0.8 linear metres of files (slaughterhouse and meat inspection fees, office costs of the higher offices, examination of sports invoices) were collected.For 297, plans and cracks still attached to the files as well as 175 newspaper copies proof maps for the holdings JL 590 and JL 430 were produced. 4484 tufts were made for the holdings E 177 I. Ludwigsburg, in November 1990Hofer tufts 4485 to 4499, received from the State Archives Sigmaringen with access 2000/79, were incorporated into the holdings in July 2009. Retroconversion: This finding aid book is a repertory that was previously only available in handwritten or typewritten form and was converted into a database-supported and thus online-capable format according to a procedure developed by the "Retroconversion Working Group in the Ludwigsburg State Archives". This can lead to a certain discrepancy between the modern external appearance and the partly outdated design and formulation of the title recordings. Corrections, deletions and additions were verified and incorporated.

On the history of the authorities: On 1.4.1902 the Adelberg district office, which was subordinate to the Schorndorf forestry office (old order), was made independent as the Adelberg forestry office (new order), the Adelberg forestry district part of the Schorndorf forestry association. These changes took place within the framework of the reorganization of the forestry administration of the Kingdom of Württemberg ordered by law of 19.2.1902 (Reg.Bl. p. 37). All forestry offices (old order) had been dissolved and the forestry offices (new order) formed from the previous district offices had been directly subordinated to the Forest Directorate. The Forest Directorate maintained supervision of the forestry offices even after the transfer of forestry and hunting to the Reich in 1934. With the establishment of the state administration after 1945, the Adelberg forestry office was integrated into the district of the Nordwürttemberg forestry directorate (since 1.10.1973 Stuttgart forestry directorate). Not affected by measures to abolish smaller forestry offices for a long time, the Adelberg forestry office was then one of the 45 forestry offices which were dissolved on 30 September 1975 as part of the organisational reform of the state forestry administration following the administrative reform. In accordance with an order issued by the state government on 1.7.1975 (Ges.Bl. p. 549), the Adelberg forest district was divided between the state forestry offices of Göppingen and Schorndorf, which were re-established with effect from 1.10.1975. On the history of the collection: The present collection consists of the documents of the Adelberg Forestry Office and the files of the Forestry Office dissolved in 1902. Schorndorf and the Adelberg district office. The State Archives Ludwigsburg has this document (together with the documents from the Forest Office a.O. Schorndorf adult files - see Bü 251) in two deliveries: On 19.8.1971 the Adelberg Forestry Office handed over 4.2 linear metres of files (Tgb.-No. 1291/71); a further 10.6 linear metres of files were added on 7.1.1976 after the dissolution of the Forestry Office (Tgb.-No. 20/76). Both delivery lists recorded the documents in the order of the file plan of the state forestry administration of 1955. The forestry office Adelberg had converted its entire file stock (including the old registration) to this modern file plan. Previously, the documents had been registered according to the norm file plan introduced around 1902 ("Repertorium für die Forstamts Registratur" - cf. Bü 238). In 1971, the collection still bearing the archival signature F 118 la was given the designation FL 605/3 - Forstamt n.O. after the 1974 series had been restructured. Adelberg. During the archival processing, the records of the Proveniences Forstamt a.O. were preserved. Schorndorf and Revieramt Adelberg from the stand FL 605/3 and in connection with stand F 113 I as F 113 II - Forstamt a.O. Schorndorf - merged (cf. preliminary remark F 113 II). The signatures of these archival records, which were recorded parallel to the inventory of the Adelberg Forestry Office, as well as its FL 605/3 signatures were transferred to the delivery registers; these can thus be used as concordances. In addition to the preproveniences remaining in the inventory FL 605/3, the forestry offices Schorndorf and Revieramt Adelberg, prefiles of the forestry offices Lorch and Hohengehren as well as the camera office Schorndorf were to be found. Processor's report: Due to its closed tradition, the Adelberg Forestry Office was to serve as a prime example of a Württ. forestry office and the holdings, not affected by any archival cassation, were to be made accessible in an exemplary manner. The title recordings are therefore sometimes very detailed, even in the case of archival records of a small size. The final bundle numbers (= order number) were assigned according to numerus currens. The structure of inventory FL 605/3 is based on the file plan of the Landesforstverwaltung Baden-Württemberg, l. Edition 1955, additions up to 1973. The structure is preceded by an overview of the structure of this decimal plan. In order to keep the detailed inventory structure manageable, it was necessary to combine archival records with different file numbers in one category for poorly documented groups of files (cf. parentheses of the classification). each title record is provided with a consecutive serial number in addition to the order number, which is referenced in the local and person index created by computer at the end of the repertory. A concordance additionally leads back from the order number to the order number. The data in the place index correspond to volume VIII of the series "Das Land Baden-Württemberg. Official description by districts and parishes". The place name Adelberg has only been taken into account in connection with the terms Gemeinde or Markung Adelberg; forest districts, Hüten, Fluren, etc. within the Adelberg forest district are also not excluded from the place index. Restrictions on use may arise in accordance with the applicable provisions due to the duration of the stock up to 1975 and due to the personal documents contained therein (including personal files). The use of the aerial photographs kept in tufts 667 is also subject to restrictions. The order and the drawing of the inventory was carried out by Mrs. Anita Hundsdörfer from June 1979 to September 1980 under the direction of the undersigned. The structure and completion of the repertory could not be completed until 1987 due to several changes in the responsible editors. The text of the repertory was recorded by Mrs. Hildegard Aufderklamm on EDP, the print of the finding aid book was made at the Landesarchivdirektion in Stuttgart. 1506 tufts = 9.4 m. The inventory FL 605/3 comprises 1506 tufts. Ludwigsburg, December 1987(Schneider) Literature: Graner, F.: Die Forstverwaltung Württembergs, 1910Dehlinger, A.: Württembergs Staatswesen in seiner historlichen Entwicklung bis heute, Volume l- 2,1951 -l 953(insbes.§§ 351ff.)Die Forstwirtschaft in Baden-Württemberg (= Schriftenreihe der Landesforstverwaltung B-W, Volume 9), 1960, 3. Edition 1976ottr W.: Die Entwicklung der Forstorganisation in Württemberg seit 1803 (= Series of publications of the Landesforstverwaltung B-W, volume 54), 1979Thirty years of the Landesforstverwaltung Baden-Württemberg (= Series of publications of the Landesforstverwaltung B-W, volume 63), 1985

1. history of authorities: The Technical State Office existed as the technical higher authority for the Land of Württemberg from 1 November 1933 to 31 December 1952. it had been established instead of the dissolved Department for Road and Water Construction at the Ministry of the Interior and the dissolved Department for Field Cleaning at the Central Office for Agriculture (Ordinance of the Ministry of State of 12 October 1933 Regbl. p. 396). The State Technical Office initially united all areas of state civil engineering and was responsible not only for road construction and hydraulic engineering but also for cultural construction, field cleaning and surveying. In the course of its almost 20 years of existence, the range of tasks and responsibilities changed. In particular, the separation of the field cleaning and cultural construction divisions in 1938 and the takeover of the administration of the motorways in 1945 should be mentioned here. The Ludwigsburg palace was the official seat throughout. After 1945, further offices were rented in Stuttgart. The heads of the authorities were the presidents Bauder (1933-1945), Rudolf Grossjohann (1945-1950) and Kellermann (1950-1952).1933-1937The State Technical Office was subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior, but also carried out tasks from the business area of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. It dealt with all matters of road construction and hydraulic engineering in Württemberg, in particular with the administration of the state funds provided for this purpose, and was responsible for Land Roads I and II. This responsibility was extended in October 1935 by the Inspector General for German Roads to include road construction in Hohenzollern.In the field of hydraulic engineering, the State Office was in charge of the construction and maintenance of the river sections to be maintained by the state on the Iller, Danube, Argen and Neckar, and also had advisory functions in river improvements and waterworks facilities, the use of hydropower, water supply and sewage disposal (sewerage systems, sewage treatment) by municipalities and official bodies, as well as advice in the field of water science (water level monitoring and flood service).In addition, it provided technical advice on general matters of road construction, road police and motor vehicle traffic, the approval of trams and motor vehicle lines (bus lines) and technical supervision of private railways. In the Ministry of Economic Affairs' area of responsibility, the State Technical Office dealt with cultural construction and field cleaning and formed its own "Department for Soil Improvement".In the case of field cleaning, it was particularly responsible for supervising the technical preparatory work and its execution, in the case of cultural construction, it promoted all measures for technical soil improvement (irrigation and drainage, road construction), etc. To carry out its tasks, it was directly subordinated to the higher offices, the road and hydraulic engineering offices, the cultural construction offices (renamed in 1939 to water management offices) and the surveying offices for field cleaning (later field and land consolidation offices).1938-1945On 1 January 1938, responsibility for field cleaning ("reallocation") and cultural construction was transferred to the Ministry of Economic Affairs - Department of Agriculture (Decree of the State Ministry of 10 February 1938 Regbl. p. 129). This department for agriculture was thus directly subordinated to the cultural construction offices and field cleaning offices, and the regional office retained its above-mentioned tasks in road construction and hydraulic engineering. While the tasks of road construction remained subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior, the tasks of hydraulic engineering were subordinated to the Ministry of Economy. The new division of Württemberg in 1938 was accompanied by a new division of the administrative districts (Ordinance of the State Ministry of 19.7.1938 Regbl. p. 229). The previous road and hydraulic engineering offices, field cleaning offices and cultural building offices were abolished and a new road and hydraulic engineering office, field cleaning office and cultural building office were established, whose official seat and responsibility was determined as follows: 1. Künzelsau for the districts Künzelsau and Mergentheim 2. Hall for the districts Hall and Crailsheim 3. Heilbronn for the city and district Heilbronn and district Öhringen 4. Besigheim for the districts of Ludwigsburg, Vaihingen and Leonberg 5 Schorndorf for the districts of Backnang, Waiblingen and Gmünd 6 Ellwangen for the districts of Aalen and Heidenheim 7 Herrenberg for the districts of Calw and Böblingen (dissolved in 1945) 8 Kirchheim for the district of Stuttgart and the districts of Esslingen and Nürtingen 9 Geislingen for the district of Ulm and the district of Göppingen10. Freudenstadt for the districts of Freudenstadt and Horb11. Rottenburg for the districts of Reutlingen and Tübingen12. Ehingen for the districts of Ehingen and Münsingen13. Rottweil for the districts of Rottweil, Balingen and Tuttlingen14. Riedlingen for the districts of Biberach and Saulgau15. Ravensburg for the districts of Ravensburg, Friedrichshafen and Wangen.1945-1952After the occupation of the country, the local American military authority in Ludwigsburg ordered the resumption of the activities of the Technical State Office on June 5, 1945. on the instructions of the military government formed in Stuttgart in August 1945 for the American occupied zone of North Württemberg and North Baden, the Technical State Office was to give priority to the restoration of the roads damaged by the war and of the bridges which had been destroyed for the most part.As a new task, he was assigned the administration of the motorways in North Württemberg and North Baden, since the occupying power attached particular importance to the rapid repair of these important long-distance arteries. In the course of this business growth, it set up its own "Motorways Stuttgart Department", which managed the north Württemberg and north Baden motorway sections instead of the highest construction management of the Reichsautobahnen Stuttgart (for North Württemberg) and the highest construction management of the Reichsautobahnen Frankfurt (for North Baden). For the motorways, too, the emphasis was on repair work and the repair of war damage and the reconstruction of bridges. For its tasks, the State Technical Office was responsible: the Motorways Department with its headquarters in Stuttgart and eight road and hydraulic engineering offices with its headquarters in Besigheim, Ellwangen, Geislingen, Hall, Heilbronn, Kirchheim, Künzelsau and Schorndorf. With the establishment of a special office as the National Technical Office for the French Zone in Rottenburg, to which the road and hydraulic engineering offices located in the French Zone were assigned, the National Technical Office initially attempted to maintain a joint administration. In 1946, however, the state offices were separated and the Südwürttembergische Landesamt was integrated into the Ministry of the Interior of the State of Württemberg-Hohenzollern as an independent Department VI (Road and Hydraulic Engineering), with the relocation of its headquarters to Tübingen. The Federation became the owner of the former Reichsautobahnen and Reichsstraßen, now called Bundesstraßen des Fernverkehrs, which were administered by the Länder on behalf of the Federation. In Württemberg-Baden the Technical State Office carried out the order administration for the federal motorways, for the federal roads only in the area of the state district Württemberg. In the area of public water supply and sewage disposal there were few changes (decree of the Ministry of the Interior of 18.5.1949 Official Gazette IM p. 71). Essentially, it was determined that the State Technical Office is entitled to examine all drafts for water supply systems with regard to water management and hygiene and to advise the municipalities and special-purpose associations on water supply and sewage disposal, in special cases to take over draft processing and site management and to process the applications for state contributions. Most of his duties were transferred to the Regierungspräsidium Nordwürttemberg and the newly established Autobahnamt. 2nd inventory history and processing report: The files of the Technical State Office from the years 1811-1964 which are indexed in the present find book originate from different inventories and file deliveries and were formed to a new inventory with the inventory signature E 168. the newly formed inventory consists mainly of the documents of the now dissolved inventories EL 72/1 and EL 72/2 Technical State Office Ludwigsburg, which were received in 1963 and 1972 from the Regional Council North Württemberg - Department of Road Construction and in 1986 from the Ministry of the Interior (files on motorways). In addition, the inventory contains the documents on sewage disposal and water supply from the dissolved inventory E 165 c Bauamt für Wasserversorgung, which were created after 1933. The files from the holdings E 166 Ministerial Department for Road and Hydraulic Engineering, EL 20/4 Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart - Straßenwesen und Verkehr as well as EL 74 Autobahnamt Baden-Württemberg were also classified because of their duration. To a lesser extent, previously unrecorded files of provenance from the Technical State Office as well as a file submission received in 1993 from the General State Archive Karlsruhe (see Chapter 4) have been integrated into the present inventory.in some cases, file units have been separated, assigned by provenance and this has been identified by inserted reference sheets.the documents of the Technical State Office united in this way mainly document its diverse tasks in the fields of road construction, hydraulic engineering and motorways. Only a few files shed light on the tasks in the field of cultural construction (see Chapter 4). the most extensive part of the written material, in addition to the central administrative files, consists of the documents of the road and hydraulic engineering offices of northern and southern Württemberg. The structure of the building is based on the new division of the building authority districts in 1938. The road construction files within the administrative districts are classified according to Reich roads, country roads of the first order, country roads of the second order. The files were drawn up by interns and temporary employees within the framework of AB measures under the guidance of Dr. Gerhard Taddey, Matthias Grotz and Gabriele Benning, who also took over the consolidation of the partial holdings, structuring and final editing. The packaging was provided by Mr. Siegfried Schirm, the computer-supported fair copy by Mrs. Hildegard Aufderklamm. 1214 tufts with a total circumference of 32.5 metres were in stock. Ludwigsburg, October 2004Gabriele Benning