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Preliminary remarks History of the authorities: 1855 June Establishment of an independent "Princely Forest Directorate" 1897 June Integration into the Rentkammer as "Forest Department" 1921 April Directorate of Domains and Forests, Forest Department 1924 August Lippische Regierung, Forest Department 1934 October Lippische Regierung Abt. II, Staatsforstverwaltung 1936 June The Reich Governor in Lippe and Schaumburg-L., Landesregierung Lippe, ... 1945 April Lippische Landesregierung, Abteilung II, Landesforstverwaltung 1948 Nov. 1948 Transfer of the forestry department to the Landesverband Lippe (company about the unification of the state of Lippe with the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and company about the Landesverband Lippe, both from 05.11.1948) The tasks of the state forestry administration were 1. in the exercise of the sovereign rights of the state with regard to forestry, hunting and fishing 2. in the management of state-owned forestry Even at the end of World War I, forestry sovereign activity was based on the "Ordinance on the Management of Private and Community Timber" of 1819 (Landesverordnungen Bd. 6, p. 459 ff.); there was no forestry law. With the establishment of the Forest Directorate in 1855, a service instruction for foresters and forest marksmen was issued (see L 94 No. 42) and the division into 13 senior forest rangers (later amended several times) as well as official and service designations were determined. At the beginning of the year 1919 the old Domanial forest administration still existed with the 8 upper foresteries Hiddesen (2132 ha), Berlebeck (3093 ha), (Kohlstädt-)Horn resp. Oesterholz (2940 ha), Schieder (2935 ha), Falkenhagen (2713 ha), Sternberg (1913 ha), Langenholzhausen (1806 ha) and Detmold (672 ha), altogether 35 foresteries with an area of approx. 18,200 ha. - Hiddesen was the former Oberförsterei Lopshorn with seat in the Heidental (renaming 15.11.1918), Langenholzhausen the previous Obf. Varenholz with headquarters in Langenholzhausen, Detmold was called Diestelbruch until 30.05.1912. The seat of the Obf. Oesterholz was renamed to Obf. Horn moved from Oesterholz hunting lodge to the city on 01.08.1927 (Official Gazette No. 62), in 1929 the seat of the Obf. Sternberg into the castle Brake; in addition the merger of Sternberg and Detmold to the Obf took place to 01.01.1929. Brake. By the Domanialvertrag of 31.10.1919 the princely house received the Oberförsterei Berlebeck with the four foresteries Hirschberg, Hirschsprung, Hartröhren and Kreuzkrug. The main task of the State Forestry Administration in the 1920s was the step from administration to "operation", which was caused by modern economic development. The corresponding documentation therefore also takes up a great deal of space. In October 1934, the names of the authorities, offices and services were redefined on the basis of the new regulations introduced in Prussia (see current No. 592). Oberförsterei became Forstamt, Försterei became Revierförsterei. The chief forester became a land forester, a state chief forester a forester, a forester a district forester. Former auxiliary foresters were now called foresters, forest assistants auxiliary foresters, foresters and forest apprentices forest candidates (for administrative service / operational service). Until 1921 the forestry administration was housed in the building of the Fürstliche Forstdirektion, Hornsche Str. 66, built in 1866. After its sale to the company Gebr. Klingenberg, the offices were moved on 1 October to the converted building of the former Fürstliches Marstall am Schlossplatz / Rosenthal (see L 94 No. 10). In June 1924, the company moved again to the government building at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz and in August it was incorporated as the Lippische Regierung, Forstabteilung (see current no. 597). Julius Feye was the first "forester" of Lippe until his death in October 1896. From May 1897 until his death on 18.04.1925, Oberlandforstmeiser Alois Baldenecker, formerly Prussian Oberförster from Neukirchen, Kassel district, headed the Lippe forestry administration. He was followed by Alfred Reier from Syke near Bremen as a land forester from March 1926 onwards, after provisional management by forester Karl Schmidt from Hiddesen, but he was already retired at the end of July 1933 before reaching the age of 65 (he was born on 18.06.1879) "in order to simplify the state government". The aforementioned forester Schmidt was now to head the state forestry administration in addition to his head forester Hiddesen. However, since it soon turned out that it was impossible to exercise both offices, Dr. Köster, a trainee forestry officer, was hired by the Hiddesen forestry office from November 1935. Schmidt (*15.11.1871) held his office as land forester until shortly before he reached the age of 67 (October 1938), but resumed his duties when his successor Fritz Murmann from Bielefeld was drafted for military service and finally - after an interim U.K. position - fell in December 1942. It was not until 1 March 1946 that Schmidt finally retired, after Alfred Hirsekorn, the Lord Forester from Rinkerode, had been appointed the provisional head of the State Forestry Administration in January of the same year. However, he made his office available in May and was replaced by Otto Wahl from Celle. About 9/10 of the holdings (No. 1-878) originate from the addition 47/1976, which was arranged according to the file plan introduced in 1927 ("conversion of the forest department's registry according to the state budget", see current No. 590) and was valid until the files were handed over to the Landesverband Lippe in 1949. Nos. 879-892 came into the house as entrance 37/1962, No. 893-971 were already signed as L 80 II c No. 1-9, but not listed. At the beginning of 2003, 27 business diaries (journals) were discovered on the access floor (Nos. 972-998). The files essentially cover the period from the creation of the new department registries in 1924 (see current No. 597 and L 75 IV / 1 No. 20) until the transition to the forest department of the regional association; many file covers bear the note "angelegt 1927". Previous files are in stock L 94 (Forstdirektion); continued files or files created only in 1950 and later were assigned to stock D 110. The transfer of file management to the LVL proved to be extremely blurred. The forest department of the government existed until 1949. Very many files contain still some few documents from the years 1950-1951, rarely also 1952. These files were left, if the contents had developed far predominantly in the years until 1949, with the existence L 80.19, since otherwise only one torso would have remained. Obviously, the LVL created new files from 1951/52 and transferred the old registry to the State Archives in 1976. The above-mentioned file plan formed the basis for the order of the inventory, which, however, required numerous changes. General files on the establishment and organisation of the forest administration, for example, ranked 7th among the title groups. Different groups of files had to be grouped or subdivided. Nos 879 et seq. could easily be attributed to the positions of the file plan used. Although the main task of the forest administration was the management of the state forest, the collection also offers a wealth of contemporary historical sources, e.g. for the use of prisoners of war, environmental pollution (fisheries control), tourism, state economic policy (Dörentruper Sand- und Thonwerke, Holzverkohlung Schieder), buildings such as the "Krumme Haus" and the silver mill; - during the Nazi era there were numerous points of contact with the party and various Nazi organizations. Sources: - D 72 Brakemeier no. 2 and 3 (estate of Wilhelm Brakemeier, chief forester in Brake) - L 80.19 no. 590-593, 597 - L 75 IV. 1 no. 20 - L 76 no. 206 (personnel matters, etc.) leitende Forstbeamte) - Die Lippische Landesverwaltung in der Nachkriegszeit, ed. v. Heinrich Drake, Detmold 1932 (Dienstbibliothek C 303) - Lippisches Staatshandbuch (im Lippischen Kalender, Dienstbibliothek A 255) Detmold, Mai 2003 gez. Arno Schwinger P.S.: In July 2005, the addition 35/2004 - Nos. 999-1087 - was added (mainly real estate, land register and cadastral matters as well as redemptions); in June 2009, Nos. 1088 (from L 93 !!) and 1089-1112 (from L 94) were allocated to the L 80.19 portfolio on account of their term and recorded here. signed Arno Schwinger It is to quote: L 80.19 Order number

Content and evaluation Introduction In anthropological research, concern for the deceased is regarded as one of the most important indicators of the beginning of human culture. By taking care of the burial of the mortal remains of members of one's own community, prehistoric man already revealed ideas of a beyond and a connection between individual and community that went beyond death. In the Judeo-Christian culture, burial in a coffin developed into the usual form of burial, which had to take place in a special, specially designated area, the cemetery. The inviolability of the peace of the dead, which is indispensable for Jewish burials in contrast to Christian ones, means that Jewish cemeteries are not cleared and reoccupied after certain periods of rest. As far as they escaped National Socialist barbarism, Jewish cemeteries in Baden-Württemberg were able to grow in many cases over many generations up to the present day. Since it was customary until the 20th century to mention the name of the buried person as well as the name of the father on the gravestones, these inscriptions also represent sources of the highest value for historical-genealogical research. All these cemeteries are today protected cultural monuments. On the basis of a resolution of the Baden-Württemberg state parliament in 1989, which dealt with the documentation and preservation of Jewish cemeteries in Baden Württemberg, the Baden-Württemberg State Monuments Office was commissioned to provide comprehensive documentation of all relevant gravestones. The main basis of this work were prints of photographs taken by the Central Archive for the Study of the History of Jews in Germany in Heidelberg between 1985 and 1992 of almost all Jewish gravestones in Baden-Württemberg. After completion of the project in May 2008, the copy set with around 85,000 copies was handed over to the Ludwigsburg State Archives together with the paper cemetery documentation prepared by the State Monument Office and a database with documentation results for a large part of the graves. In addition to historical, art and linguistic details, this database also contains genealogically relevant facts. In the course of a project financed by the Kulturgutstiftung Baden-Württemberg, this valuable collection was made available for online use as EL 228 b II in the State Archives of Ludwigsburg in 2011. The database, consisting of many individual tables, was prepared in a format suitable for the finding aid system of the State Archives, the entire photo stock was scanned, each photo was given an individual signature and - as far as possible - cemetery by cemetery manually linked with the database contents provided. Thus the condition of the gravestones, which has been confirmed photographically throughout 1985-1992, can be called up worldwide via the Internet in connection with the indexing data for further research. These are photographs of gravestones from over 141 cemeteries (the number of cemeteries in Baden-Württemberg differs slightly depending on the counting method used), of which 89 are located in Baden and 52 in Württemberg. The place names used in their alphabetical order follow those of the register of inventory books I and II ("Dokumentation Friedhöfe in Deutschland") of the Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Juden in Deutschland, Heidelberg, using today's official names (e.g. "Bad Wimpfen HN" instead of "Wimpfen (Bad)"). The census (001-143) in round brackets was used for the interlocking with the mentioned register otherwise, whereby the two cemeteries with the numbers 012 (Bremen) and 086 (Michelstadt/Hessen) are missing here, since they lie outside of Baden Württemberg. The first external web link at cemetery level (uniformly referred to as "Zentralarchiv HD") refers to the relevant entry in the online directory of Jewish cemeteries maintained by the Zentralarchiv zur Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden in Deutschland, Heidelberg. In addition to further references to the cemetery in question, details of the respective documentation process, such as the year in which the photographs were taken and the names of the persons responsible for the so-called "basic documentation", can also be found there. The grab descriptions published in the present collection can be traced back to the work of these editors. A second link ("Judaica Alemannia") leads to the homepage of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für die Erforschung der Geschichte der Juden im süddeutschen und Nachbarden Raum, which also contains further information and web links on the history of the individual cemeteries. Most of these cultural monuments now have their own entry in the online encyclopedia "Wikipedia". The relevant links are provided here as well as individual references to other relevant online projects. In the scans, an automatic compensation of brightness and contrast was omitted in order to obtain as much image information as possible, i.e. as many grayscales as possible. Many images therefore appear to be overexposed or underexposed at first, but this can be adjusted in the image presentation module using the "Brightness" selection button. This preserves a maximum of gray levels, of which a part would otherwise be lost, especially when shooting under extreme light conditions (dark gravestones in front of a snowy background/bright sky or the upper half of the stone in full sunlight, the lower half in the drop shadow of a neighbouring stone, etc.). The consecutive numbers 50689 (substitute slip), 64831-64839 (counting error during scanning) and 65961-65969 (dto.) are not assigned. Additional intermediate numbers are available: No. 2 a, 9 a, 22 a, 152 a, 1284 a, 1292 a, 1307 a, 1688 a, 2452 a, 4428 a, 4547 a, 4993 a, 8181 a, 9176 a, 9897 a, 13167 a, 16624 a, 23823 a, 30473 a, 31863 a, 32057 a, 32089 a, 32618 a, 33484 a, 33750 a, 33758 a, 34171 a, 34480 a, 35260 a, 35264 a, 36518 a, 37187 a, 39173 a, 39182 a, 39183 a, 39591 a, 40379 a, 41358 a, 43307 a, 43307 b, 43427 a, 43741 a, 44042 a, 44047 a, 44137 a, 44231 a, 45714 a, 46237 a, 46498 a, 46799 a, 47166 a, 47996 a, 48400 a, 50329 a, 53334 a, 54281 a, 57077 a, 59247 a, 60555 a, 60577 a, 60780 a, 60781 a, 66832 a, 67249 a, 74123 a, 77366 a, 79502 a, 81074 a and 82090 a. NOTE FOR SEARCH BY NAME: When searching for the names of buried persons, it is best to use the "full-text search" on the "entry page" of inventory EL 228 b II. In order to limit the number of hits for frequently occurring names to a manageable number and to avoid having to wait unnecessarily long, enter the first and last names of the person you are looking for in the Search text field, select "Every term must be found (AND)" as the link and mark "Title and heading" and "Contains notes" in the search fields.