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Preliminary remark: The newly formed inventory FL 300/36 II Local Court Wailblingen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains documents on register jurisdiction from the deliveries of the district court Waiblingen 2008/77 (association and cooperative register files, lists of cooperatives), 2009/46 (register volumes), 2009/96 (register volumes), 2009/126 (a sign register file) as well as from the delivery of the central register court Stuttgart 2009/122 (9 volumes on the cooperative register, 5 cooperative and 4 commercial register files of the provenance district court Waiblingen). In addition, all commercial, cooperative and association register files were removed from the existing F 311 (access 1992/69 packages 1-6) and FL 300/36 I (total access 2001/55) holdings and incorporated here. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists) to the trade, cooperative and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between individual companies (designation "E") and corporate companies (designation "G"). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The trade register volumes were rewritten around 1965 in card form. Since 2006, the Stuttgart registry court has been responsible for maintaining the commercial and cooperative register of the Waiblingen district district court. Only the register of associations is still kept by the district court Waiblingen. For the Waiblingen Register of Associations, both the register volumes (with indexes of names) and selected files are available. The register volumes were also archived for the register of cooperatives (with lists of names), and selected files and lists of cooperatives were also taken over. As special archiving a character register file was taken over. The low register numbers were assigned twice to some companies, associations and cooperatives by the district court. Note on use: For register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the clearly visible special files ("special volumes") are freely accessible.The title recordings for the files were made in 2009 by Ms Marisel de la Vega, the induction of the access in 2008/77 was done by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski in summer 2010 under the direction of the undersigned, who also took care of the recording of the volumes and the final work.Ludwigsburg, October 1010Ute Bitz Supplement 1: Ms Beate Vojtek processed in November 2011 the previously unexcavated register files extracted from inventory F 311 (access 1992/69 packages 1-6). The inventory FL 300/36 II district court Waiblingen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains the tufts 1-409 and the volumes 1-30. Supplement 2: With access 2015/143 the model register volumes I-III as well as evaluated association register files arrived, which were registered by Dorte Grimmer in December 2015. Bü 410-454 and vol. 31-33 were added to the collection.

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/12 IV Local Court Göppingen: The Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed as part of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the Local Court holdings, which was started in 2008, in order to create pure register holdings. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the districts of Göppingen and Geislingen, which on the one hand consist of the existing holdings F 270 III (access 26.01.1984 Bü 1-222 and access 11.03.1985 Bund 314-319), FL 300/11 (access 26.01.1984 P 117, 120) and FL 300/12 III (access 26.01.1984 P 117, 120).1984 Bü 2-805, Zugang 11.03.1985 Bund 320-328, Zugang 30.11.1988 Bund 34-38, Zugänge 1995/044, 1999/070, 1999/099) were spun off, in addition, the files on the register system in the two district court districts of Göppingen and Geislingen received with the accesses 2005/063 and 2011/102 were incorporated here. Since the end of the 1960s, the district court of Göppingen has also been responsible for keeping the commercial and cooperative register of the Geislingen court district. For this reason, the Geislingen register files received by the district court of Göppingen, which were continued by the district court of Göppingen after the merger, were not separated but left here. The older register files closed before 1970 and the register volumes of the Geislingen Local Court, on the other hand, were assigned to inventory FL 300/11 II. The volumes to the trade, cooperative and association register Göppingen came only with entrance 2011/102 to the state archives. Since 01.01.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the trade and cooperative register. Both the district court Göppingen as well as the district court Geislingen keep at the moment only the register of associations. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:The register documents are subject to a 30-year period of blocking for the main files, while the special files clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.the indexing works were carried out in summer 2010 by Ms Elvira Grammer, in spring 2011 by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski and in autumn 2011 by Ms Beate Vojtek under the direction of the undersigned. The collection currently comprises volumes Bd 1-123 and the files Bü 1-163 and 247-1976 Ludwigsburg, in January 2012Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/16 III Amtsgericht Künzelsau: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister (Local Court Künzelsau: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register) was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the inventories of the Local Court to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the district court Künzelsau, which on the one hand were spun off from the already existing stock F 277 (access 1969 bundles 233-237, 357-372), on the other hand the 7 volumes on the register system in the district court Künzelsau, which arrived with access 2006/74 from the district court Schwäbisch Hall, were incorporated here. With access 2009/122 of the central register court Stuttgart 8 commercial register files HRA arrived, which were closed long ago by the district court Künzelsau and were likewise assigned to the existence. since 1.1.2007 the central register court Stuttgart is responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. The district court Künzelsau today only keeps the register of associations. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the commercial register were rewritten in map form around 1965. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The development works were carried out in November 2010 by Andrea Jaraszewski and in May 2011 by Daniel Sabolic under the guidance of the undersigned, who also took care of the final works. The holdings FL 300/16 III Local Court Künzelsau: Commercial, cooperative and association register comprises 192 files and 7 volumes Ludwigsburg, June 2011Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The newly formed inventory FL 300/1 II Local Court Aalen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains documents on register jurisdiction from deliveries made by the Aalen Local Court on 17.03.2006/25, 21.03.2006/27, 06.04.2006/40, 05.05.2006/51. In addition, the previous bundle numbers 45-75 were incorporated from the existing inventory FL 300/1 I Aalen Local Court. The documents in the commercial register comprise files and volumes from several chronological layers. Initially, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E/HRE) and corporate proprietorships (designation G/HRG); later, the current terms HRA (sole proprietorships and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) were introduced. While only volumes have been archived on the register of cooperatives so far, only files are available on the register of associations. The special archiving of model register files was added to the holdings.Note for use:Register documents are subject to a 30-year blocking period for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in 2008, the title recordings for the files were made by Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, the archivist, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/1 II Local Court Aalen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains 412 files and 23 volumes. Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011-05, Aalen District Court received 9 volumes of associations and model registers, which were incorporated into the inventory by Andrea Jaraszewski.January 2011 Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/4 II District Court Besigheim: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the District Court inventory started in 2008 in order to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the registration jurisdiction of the district court Besigheim, which on the one hand were separated from the already existing stock FL 300/4 (accesses 1983, 1984, 1985), on the other hand the files, volumes and index cards to the register of associations, which arrived with access 2007/40, were incorporated. Around 1970, the commercial and cooperative registers for the district court district of Besigheim were transferred to the district court of Heilbronn. From there, the register for the districts of Besigheim and Marbach was transferred to the district court of Vaihingen/Enz in 1995. Since 01.01.2007, the Central Register Court Stuttgart has been responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. The district court Besigheim at the time of the indexing only keeps the register of associations. For the use of commercial and cooperative register documents is additionally stock FL 300/14 II district court Heilbronn: commercial, cooperative, association register to be consulted. The volumes on the commercial and cooperative register for the district court district of Besigheim, which will be kept by the Heilbronn District Court until 2011, are also included here. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in autumn 2010, the indexing work was carried out by Mrs. Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned, who also carried out the final work. The holdings FL 300/4 II Amtsgericht Besigheim: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister comprises the files Bü 1-601 (the Bü 87-105 are not occupied for the time being) and the volumes Bd 1-22.Ludwigsburg, in March 2011Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/9 II Local Court Ellwangen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains, on the one hand, the files previously held in inventory FL 300/9 I as Bü 39-45 (access 19.10.1985), which were reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the local court inventories for the creation of pure register inventories begun in 2008, and, on the other hand, the volumes on the register system in the local court district of Ellwangen received as access 2006/31, 2006/37 and 2006/43. Since the jurisdiction of the Ellwangen court district - as well as that of the Neresheim district court (see file FL 300/23) - for register matters was transferred to the Aalen district court, the levies were levied via the Aalen district court. In the Commercial Register, the existing files were kept as usual as HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations), while in the volumes there is also an older stratum in which a distinction was made between E/HRE (sole traders) and G/HRG (corporations). The holdings contain only volumes for the register of cooperatives and only files for the register of associations. The title records for the files were made in 2008 by Mrs. Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, head of the archive office, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/9 II Local Court Ellwangen: Ludwigsburg, in March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011/5 on 25.01.2011, 3 sample and sign registers were received from the Local Court of Aalen on 25.01.2011, which were incorporated here by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski. Subsequently, the same added to the register of associations and cooperatives files from the additions to the Ellwangen Local Court 2008/2 and 2010/63.January 2011 and September 2012Ute Bitz

1. important note: This find book is hopefully a preliminary aid for orientation in the stock. The title recordings were made directly during the recording and evaluation of the documents in the Natural History Museum so that the documents could at least be provisionally indexed and transferred to the State Archives for use. This of course meant that only a superficial development could be carried out. 120 units are in the portfolio. 2nd History of the Natural History Museum: The Staatliche Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart has its origins in the ducal Kunstkammer. In 1791 an independent "Naturalien-Kabinett" was separated from this, which was responsible for the collection of minerals, plants and animals. In 1827 the Natural History Cabinet received a new building in Stuttgart's Neckarstraße, which it used together with the State Archives. The files contained in the collection bear witness to the not unproblematic proximity of two cultural institutions, which obviously worked against each other to assert their mostly scarce means. The building was rebuilt several times, in the 1860s by extending the wings towards Archivstraße. In 1944, the building was destroyed by the Natural History Museum and the State Archives; the natural history collections were then stored in Rosenstein Castle. In 1900 the Natural History Cabinet was given the modern name Natural History Collection, which was used until 1950. Since 1950 it has been the State Museum of Natural History, and in 1817 the Natural History Cabinet was placed under the authority of a newly established supreme authority, the Royal Directorate of Scientific Collections. This stood above the public library, the collection of coins, medals, art and antiquities and the collection of natural objects. On April 1, 1919, the Directorate of the Scientific Collections was abolished, the Natural History Collection as well as the State Library directly subordinated to the Ministry of Culture, and it was assumed that the tradition of the Directorate of the Scientific Collections had been largely destroyed in the Second World War together with that of the Ministry of Culture (see also below under 5.). Fortunately, among the documents of the Natural History Museum, there were numerous files from the Directorate of Scientific Collections. 3. content and order of the holdings: the documents provide information on the development of a princely collection of precious objects into a scientific enterprise and a museum that is becoming more and more accessible to the public. In this context, the general administrative acts presented here particularly reflected the practical affairs of the company: time and again, the securing and construction of premises, the procurement of the necessary furniture and personnel issues are at stake. In view of the disturbed situation of tradition in the Ministry of Culture, the documents of the Natural History Museum and the Directorate offered for separation were taken over completely up to and including 1945, provided that they were not completely meaningless redundancies with regard to content. In addition, there had also been assignments of documents and processes of the museum to the files of the directorate (and vice versa) in the Natural History Museum. A technically correct separation of the provenances could only be achieved here through individual analyses. For this reason, it was decided at the moment not to divide the holdings into a "Directorate of Scientific Collections" and a "Natural History Collection/Museum". Even a separation into an old collection until 1945 and a newer collection for the State Museum of Natural History after 1945 would not be possible and meaningful without detailed analyses. Such files, which clearly originated with the Directorate (identifiable by the file number, among other things) and were closed at the time of their existence, were assigned to the classification group "1st Directorate" with the final provenance "Directorate". Otherwise, it was occasionally necessary to decide according to the main focus of the file or to assign the file unit to the point "5. files (provenance not yet clarified)" until the situation was clarified; this was particularly often the case for files with a very long duration. Otherwise, the classification follows a chronological principle; in view of the small volume of the documents, it seemed reasonable to refrain at least for the time being from a factual subdivision. The Directorate in particular obviously followed a stringent file plan, which could not, however, be found. In the natural history collection, the file number apparently played a subordinate role, and the collection is expected to grow further in the coming years. 4. terms of use: Individual file units are still subject to protection and blocking periods according to the Landesarchivgesetz. 5. reference to other documents: Accounting documents of the Directorate of the Scientific Collections are in the inventory E 226/230 of the State Archives Ludwigsburg. it is to be assumed that also older documents remained in the Natural History Museum, where they are partly still needed. 6. literature: Dehlinger, Alfred: Württembergs Staatswesen in its historical development until today. Vol. 1 and 2, Stuttgart 1951 and 1953, § 250 and § 270 Cf. also the introduction to the holdings E 226/230 Ludwigsburg, February 2, 2004 Dr. Elke Koch

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/13 II District Court Heidenheim: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the District Court inventory started in 2008 to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the District Court District Heidenheim, which on the one hand were spun off from the already existing holdings F 272 Bü 254-644 (access 19.05.1976) and FL 300/13 Additions 1978-1990, 1996/41, 1997/79, 1999/26, 2002/69, on the other hand the volumes and files on the register system in the District Court District Heidenheim received as Access 2006/1 and 2006/100 were incorporated here. The district court of Heidenheim still keeps the register of associations itself. Since 1.1.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the trade and cooperative register. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The volumes normally available at the local courts are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in the winter of 2010/2011, the indexing work was carried out by Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned, who also carried out the final work. The inventory FL 300/13 II Local Court Heidenheim: Commercial, cooperative, association register comprises 886 files and 16 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2011Ute Bitz

History of the authorities: The former Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau, since 2006 a branch of the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg, was founded in 1917 by the Badische Landwirtschaftskammer (Baden Chamber of Agriculture) as an experimental and teaching material. In 1927 the Tobacco Research Institute was renamed and established. In 1936 the sponsorship changed to the German Reich. The institute now received the name Reichsanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 1945, the institution was integrated into the Baden district under the new name of Tabakforschungsinstitut (Tobacco Research Institute), and in 1952 it was reinstated under the auspices of the newly founded state of Baden-Württemberg. In 1953, the company again changed to the Federal Government under the name of Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung (Federal Institute for Tobacco Research). In 1970 it was reintegrated into the state of Baden-Württemberg under the name Landesanstalt für Tabakbau und Tabakforschung. In 1972 he took over tasks in the field of general plant cultivation. In 1979, the Donaueschingen Seed Institute (investigations and research in the field of potato cultivation) was integrated into the company and operated together under the new name Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau und Tabakforschung (State Institute for Plant Production and Tobacco Research), renamed Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau in 1985. On 1.1.2007, the Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau was integrated into the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg and has since been run as a branch office in Forchheim. The documents of the Landesanstalt came to the General State Archives in Karlsruhe in 1993 and 2007 and mainly comprise documents from the time as a tobacco research institute as well as the Reichs- und Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 2007, the extensive tobacco collection of the institution was also transferred to the General State Archive Karlsruhe and shown as holdings 576-1.signed. Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(December 2009)

Preliminary remark: The stock FL 300/2 III Amtsgericht Backnang: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister contains files from deliveries of the years 1988 and 1989, as well as the previous Bü 1-7, which were separated from stock F 252 II /Zugang 1968. The volumes have arrived as access 30.01.2007/17. To the individual register types:The stock contains files, volumes and other documents to the commercial register. The files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to today's usual distinction. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. Initially, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships and partnership companies. In some dishes these have been marked with the letters E or HRE and G or HRG. Since this was not customary at the Backnang Local Court, the designations in the classification were placed in brackets, (E) and (G). The younger class bears the usual designations HRA and HRB. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The records on the register of cooperatives and associations also contain files and volumes. Double numbers occurring in GnR files resulted from subsequent transfers within the authority. As special archiving a character register tape was taken over. The title recordings for the files were made in 2009 by Mrs. Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, Head of the Archive Office, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/2 III Local Court Backnang: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains 333 files and 21 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina Schneider

Preliminary remark: The inventory contains documents from all areas of the State Forestry Administration. The administration of the forestry office is well documented, as is the administration of the state forest. The management of the corporate forest has been handed down through documents on the municipal forests of Altlussheim, Heidelberg, Hockenheim, Käfertal (Mannheim-), Ladenburg, Mosbach, Neckarau, Neulussheim, Oftersheim, Otterstadt, Plankstadt, Schwetzingen, Seckenheim and Speyer as well as the hub forest of Altlussheim. Some few documents are available for the management of the Wehrmacht forest Schwetzingen. Some documents are dedicated to the management of the private forest. The stock 392 Schwetzingen was newly created with documents from the stocks 392 access 1988-33, 392 access 1990-30, 392 access 2003-36, 392 access 2004-27, 392 access 2004-40, 392 access 2004-55, 392 access 2004-56, 392 access 2004-59, 392 access 2004-90, 392 access 2005-140, 392 access 2007-59 and 442 access 2004-103.Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(August 2010)

History of authorities and traditions: On the basis of the social legislation of the Reich, an "Insurance Institution for Invalidity and Old Age Insurance" was founded in Karlsruhe on 2 June 1890 for the Grand Duchy of Baden, which shortly afterwards received the name "Landesversicherungsanstalt Baden". Until its move to the Beiertheimer Feld, it had its headquarters in the specially erected administrative building Kaiserallee 8 (today owned by the city administration). With up to 8 of its own sanatoriums and supervision of the insurance offices (at the district offices) and higher insurance offices (Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim), the LVA became one of the most important control and monitoring bodies in the field of medical care and social insurance. During the 2nd World War the LVA was also responsible for occupied Alsace. On 1 January 2005, it was merged with the LVA Württemberg to form the LVA Baden-Württemberg with its registered office in Karlsruhe. The former Landesversicherungsamt Baden, which had already been established in 1888 as an appeal authority for controversial health insurance issues and was dissolved in 1936, is to be distinguished from the Landesversicherungsanstalt; the competences were transferred to the higher insurance offices and the social courts respectively. In the General State Archives, however, the files of these two different provenances were given the common stock signature 462. The files of the Landesversicherungsamt therefore now form the basic stock 462 and the access 1980-50 (both previously inventoried in a paper repertory), while the administrative files of the Landesversicherungsanstalt are to be found only in the present access 1994-38. In addition to personnel files and files on the Hirschlanden sanatorium (access 1992-50), all other accesses mainly consist of exemplary archived individual case files of the Landesversicherungsanstalt. Inventory history: The access was evaluated in 1994 by archive officers under the guidance of Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen and recorded by volunteers under the guidance of Dr. Peter Rückert. It reflects almost the entire administrative action of an institution under public law, both internally and externally. However, the tradition only begins densely after the First World War; for the period before that, the multiple parallel tradition of the State Insurance Office can be used in some cases. The final editing was done by the undersigned. The access includes 551 fascicles in 10 running meters. The longest blocking period runs until 2045.Karlsruhe, August 2005Konrad Krimm

Preliminary remark: Karl Hein was born on 20 February 1901 in Frankfurt/Main. After passing the one-year voluntary examination, he joined the Royal Prussian Railway Administration in Frankfurt in 1916, where he was initially employed in field service at railway stations and offices as well as in telegraph and radio service. In 1927 he won a prize at the 4th International Telegraph Competition in Como and obtained the Funkpatent I in Berlin. Great. From 1934 to 1941, he was responsible for drawing up express train timetables and bus traffic on Reichsautobahnen in the timetable department of the Reichsbahn Directorate in Frankfurt. Between 1941 and 1945 he organized the Wehrmacht vacation traffic and courier services at the Reich Ministry of Transport in Berlin. Immediately after World War II, Karl Hein was employed as a travel official at the Frankfurt regional office of the United States Zone in connection with U.S. Railway stations (Railway Grand Divisions and Second Military Railway Service), where he was responsible for rebuilding rail traffic. From 1947 until his retirement in 1964, he was employed in the operations department of the Head Office of the Railways (HVE), later the Head Office of the German Federal Railways (HVB), from 1947 until his retirement in 1964, and from 1948 as head of their travel agency. In this function, Karl Hein had the task of organising and supervising train journeys for high-ranking personalities, in particular heads of state and members of government, at home and abroad. Since he took part in these special train journeys himself, he came into personal contact with almost everything that had rank and name in the Federal Republic of the 50s. Among others he accompanied Theodor Heuss, Heinrich Lübke, Konrad Adenauer, Ludwig Erhard, Charles de Gaulle, Schah Reza Pahlevi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, Alcide de Gasperi, Emperor Haile Selassie I. of Ethiopia, King Paul I. of Greece, Archbishop Makarios, etc.The highlight of his career was undoubtedly his participation in Adenauer's trip to Moscow in 1955, which resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between Bonn and Moscow and the release of the German prisoners of war. For his work he received numerous awards, such as the Federal Cross of Merit and Officer's Crosses of Orders in Italy, Greece, Madagascar and Liberia. Karl Hein collected numerous memorabilia on his travels, especially postcards and photos, but also file material, invitation cards, travel programs etc. and kept them carefully, partly glued on photo cardboard and inscribed. This collection was donated by his daughter Lydia von Prondzynski, Bad Oberdorf, to the Ludwigsburg State Archives in 1991. It documents not only a special piece of railway history at a time when trains were still travelling as "rolling embassies" of statesmen through documents about technical details of the trains looked after by Karl Hein and about the condition of the routes travelled, but also allows a charming look behind the scenes of major state visits.The present stock PL 718, which comprises 0.4 linear m = 15 archive units, was ordered and indexed by the undersigned in February 1991. The computer-aided fair copy of the repertory was obtained by Hildegard Aufderklamm.Ludwigsburg, March 1991Leuchweis

The Order of St John, which came into being with the crusade movement at the end of the 11th century, fell victim to secularisation at the beginning of the 19th century, as did all religious institutions. The German Grand Priory in Heitersheim (in the Breisgau region) was dissolved in 1805/6 with its subordinates, including those in the new Grand Duchy of Baden and the Kingdom of Württemberg. The Brandenburg Bailiwick, which since the 14th century enjoyed a special position within the Grand Priorate of Germany strengthened by the conversion to Protestantism around 1540, was not secularised until 1811, but remained in existence in the form of an Order of Merit for persons of Protestant and Russian Orthodox denomination who deserved to serve the Prussian king, the royal house and the monarchy. In 1852 King Friedrich Wilhalm IV of Prussia restored the Ballei Brandenburg of the Order of St. John. The initiative for the revival of the Order and for the foundation of "cooperatives" in the Prussian provinces and in southern Germany also proceeded from it. The development in Württemberg was concluded in June 1858 with the award of corporate law, i.e. the status of a legal entity, to the "Cooperative of Knights of the Bailiwick Brandenburg of the Order of St John of Wuerttemberg in the Kingdom of Württemberg" residing in Stuttgart. It was joined by knights from Baden and - until the foundation of a cooperative society in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1888 - also by Bavarian knights. There was no intention to found a cooperative of its own for Baden several times, so in 1906 the cooperative was renamed "Württembergisch-Badensche Genossenschaft des Johanniterordens". Since 1978 it has been called "Baden-Württembergische Kommende des Johanniterordens". It was originally a legal person by royal Württemberg sovereign act and is now a non-profit registered association of civil law. The Baden-Württemberg Kommende of the Order of St John is subordinated to the Ballei Brandenburg, which is subdivided into a total of 20 cooperatives or Kommende. At the head of the Order, which also includes Johanniter groups in Belgium, Austria, the USA and South Africa, is the Master of Masters, who is elected by the Chapter, the supreme decision-making body. His deputy is the governor of the order. The members of the order are classified as honorary knights, legal knights, commentators, honorary comedians or honorary members, depending on their activity or their probation. The Baden-Württemberg Kommende is headed by a "Governing Commentator", who exercises his office together with the board (convention) of the cooperative. On the knight days, which are held annually, pending questions are discussed. As tasks of the order the statute of the Ballei Brandenburg of 24.6.1853, also binding for the Württemberg cooperative, specifies above all the "defence of the Christian religion in particular of the Protestant confession", the "fight against unbelief", as well as the "service and (the) care of the sick" as tasks of the order. An expansion of the tasks took place with the statute of the Baden-Württembergische Kommende of 30 September 1978 § 2 (2): "The purpose of the association is the promotion of the general public through care and assistance for the sick, the elderly, the physically and economically weak, as well as young people and children. The Association carries out this activity in hospitals, old people's homes and other social institutions, as well as through affiliated working and auxiliary communities. In times of external and internal danger, the Association is particularly dedicated to "the wounded, the sick and other injured". In addition to their historically founded, intensive diaconal commitment, the Kommende is characterised by a pronounced cultural commitment. It is supported by three pillars: the archive, the library and the museum. The Archive of the Order has been located in the Main State Archive in Stuttgart since 1969. The Johanniter Library was founded after World War II. It contains valuable bibliophile works from six centuries, especially from the history of the order. Since 2007, the library has been housed as a deposit in the Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe. The Johanniter Museum Krautheim a. d. Jagst is a joint institution of the town and the Kommende. The historical building, which was originally owned by the Order of St John and then by the Teutonic Order, now belongs to the city, the exhibits of the Kommende. The museum was opened in 1978 and was given a new appearance in 2006 on the occasion of the 700th anniversary of the city. The Commentators of the Baden-Württemberg Commentaries: 1858-1868 Frhr. Wilhelm vom Holtz 1868-1888 Graf Wilhelm von Taubenheim 1888-1908 Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe.Langenburg 1908-1947 Prince Ernst zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1948-1952 Wilhelm Volrad von Rauchhaupt 1952-1958 Rudolf von Bünau 1958-1960 Prince Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1960-1961 Wilhelm Volrad von Rauchhaupt 1961-1973 Frhr. Reinhard von Gemmingen-Hornberg since 1973 Knight Friedrich von Molo Content and evaluation History, order and indexing of the holdings The tradition of the Baden-Württemberg Commendary of the Order of St John is kept in the Main State Archives in Stuttgart as a deposit. For the documents received in 1969, there is already a completed find book available which was produced in 1970 by the inspector candidate Renate Pruschek. The since then existing taxes of June 1983, May 1984, August and September 1988, which were made by the Commentator of the Baden-Württembergische Kommende Friedrich Ritter von Molo and by the Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein, have been combined to a partial stock and are indexed in the present find book. The recording initially took place as part of the training of the archive inspector candidates Corinna Pfisterer, Regina Keyler, Bettina Herrmann under the guidance of archive assessor Dr. Peter Schiffer from July to September 1988. From October 1988 to March 1989, archive inspector Sabine Schnell, among others, made the remaining title recordings and carried out the final work. Since the stock was recorded by several editors, it was not always possible to design the title recordings uniformly. A pre-archival order of the files is not recognizable, therefore the structure of the find book of Pruschek served as basis for the present find book. However, a modification was necessary. In order to avoid overlaps in the order numbers, order number 401 was used for the distortion of the present partial stock. In particular, the inventory contains files on the organisation and administration of the cooperative. Insights into the tasks of the cooperative are rather provided by the publications and journals received, the existing books provide information above all about the general history of the order. Personal documents of the commentators on membership and function in the Order remained in the private estates of the Hohenlohe Central Archives in Neuenstein. The listed documents have a total duration from (1714-1719) 1853 to 1987. Since the stock is property of the Johanniterorden, no cassations were made. The partial stock P 7/2 comprises 293 units with 8.3 m running time. The finding aid was created with the help of data processing on the basis of the MIDOSA program package of the State Archive Administration of Baden-Württemberg.

1. Geschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein Der Bestand GU 20 enthält Unterlagen zu Bau, Umbau, Instandsetzung, Verwaltung und Nutzung des Schlosses Lichtenstein im Landkreis Reutlingen, das sich im Besitz des Hauses Urach befindet. Da sich der Bestand GU 20 auf Schloss Lichtenstein bezieht, wird im Folgenden auf die Geschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein eingegangen. Um 1100 errichteten die Herren von Lichtenstein etwa 500 Meter südöstlich des heutigen Schlosses Lichtenstein eine Burg, von der heute nur noch Mauerreste erhalten sind (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 176 und 180). Die Herren von Lichtenstein waren Ministerialen im Dienste der Grafen von Achalm, später der Grafen von Württemberg. Im Verlauf von kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen der Württemberger im 14. Jahrhundert wurde die Burg Lichtenstein zerstört. Das Haus Württemberg, das seit dem Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts im Besitz der Burg war, baute die Burg nach 1389 nicht an der alten Stelle wieder auf, sondern auf einem frei stehenden Felsen über dem Echaztal, an der Stelle, an der sich heute das Kernschloss von Schloss Lichtenstein befindet. Fortan diente die Burg dem Hause Württemberg als Jagdschloss und Wohnung der Burgvögte. Während des Bauernkrieges 1525 versuchten die Pfullinger vergebens, Burg Lichtenstein einzunehmen. Ab 1567 war der Lichtenstein Sitz eines Forstknechts, der die herzoglichen Wälder in der Umgebung verwaltete. Dieser war dem Forstmeister in Urach unterstellt. Daneben fungierte Burg Lichtenstein bis in die Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts zeitweilig als Jagdschloss der Herzöge von Württemberg. Als im 18. Jahrhundert die Herzöge jedoch andere Jagdgebiete bevorzugten, verfiel die Burg zusehends. Nach einem Brand im Jahre 1802 ließ daher Herzog Friedrich II., der spätere König Friedrich I., den oberen Teil des Gebäudes, das Vorwerk und die Zugbrücke abtragen. Auf den Grundmauern der Burg wurde ein Gebäude mit einem Krüppelwalmdach erbaut, das bis 1837 Sitz eines Revierförsters war. Im Jahre 1837 suchte Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg (1810-1869), der spätere erste Herzog von Urach, einen geeigneten Platz für den Bau einer Ritterburg im "altdeutschen Style", also im Stil der Gotik. Die Burgruinen Hohenurach, Hohenneuffen und Zavelstein kamen aus verschiedenen Gründen dafür nicht in Betracht. Die Wahl fiel schließlich auf den Lichtenstein, wofür die Nähe zu den Besitzungen des Grafen in Urach und Offenhausen und die geringe Größe des Objekts sprachen. Andere Burgen und Liegenschaften wären für den Bau und Unterhalt einer Burg nach Aussage des Grafen Wilhelm zu kostspielig geraten (vgl. hierzu das Briefkonzept des Grafen vom 29. November 1837, GU 20 Büschel 225, abgedruckt bei Bidlingmaier, a.a.O., S. 117-120). Die Entscheidung für den Lichtenstein wurde möglicherweise auch durch den Roman "Lichtenstein" von Wilhelm Hauff (1802-1827) inspiriert, der als einer der ersten Historienromane der deutschsprachigen Literatur 1826 erschienen war. Schauplätze dieses Romans sind u. a. die Burg Lichtenstein und die Nebelhöhle, in der sich Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg vor den Truppen des Schwäbischen Bundes versteckt, um sich nachts auf die Burg Lichtenstein zu begeben, wo er von dem Ritter von Lichtenstein und dessen Tochter Marie verköstigt wird. Der Roman "Lichtenstein" wurde zu einem großen Erfolg, den Wilhelm Hauff aber wegen seines frühen Ablebens nicht mehr genießen konnte. Dem Erbauer des Schlosses Lichtenstein, Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg, war der Roman bekannt. Die Erinnerung an den Schriftsteller Wilhelm Hauff wurde auf dem Lichtenstein auch immer wachgehalten, wie das Hauff-Denkmal in der Nähe des Schlosses Lichtenstein und die Abhaltung einer Feier zum Gedenken an Wilhelm Hauff im Jahre 1927 beweisen (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 3 und 178). Die Verhandlungen über den Kauf der Burg Lichtenstein zwischen Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg und der württembergischen Forstverwaltung und dem Finanzministerium wurden in den Jahren 1837 bis 1838 geführt (vgl. dazu GU 20 Büschel 143). Wilhelm I. König von Württemberg gab am 19. März 1838 seine Einwilligung in den Verkauf der Burg Lichtenstein mit den zugehörigen Grundstücken an seinen Vetter Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg. Zuvor hatte das Finanzministerium unter der Bedingung dem Verkauf zugestimmt, dass für den bisher auf dem Lichtenstein ansässigen Förster ein neues Forsthaus errichtet wird. Der Kaufvertrag wurde am 25. August 1838 unterzeichnet (GU 20 Büschel 143). Die ersten Entwürfe zu Schloss Lichtenstein, die nicht datiert und größtenteils nicht signiert sind, entstanden möglicherweise ebenfalls in dem Zeitraum 1837 bis 1838. Diese Entwürfe, die im Bestand GU 97 (Schloss Lichtenstein: Pläne, Risse und Zeichnungen) verwahrt werden, stammen vermutlich von dem württembergischen Hofmaler Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (geboren zwischen 1788 und 1794, gest. 1882) (u. a. GU 97 Nr. 49, 51 und 53). Ein weiterer Entwurf wurde von dem Offizier Christian Wilhelm von Faber du Faur (1780-1857) angefertigt (GU 97 Nr. 64). Alle diese genannten Entwürfe weichen zum Teil erheblich von dem tatsächlich realisierten Schlossbau ab. Schließlich fertigte der Maler, Architekt und Denkmalpfleger Carl Alexander von Heideloff (1789-1865) zu Beginn des Jahres 1838 Pläne für den Bau des Kernschlosses an. Da Heideloff aufgrund seiner Tätigkeit als Direktor am Polytechnikum Nürnberg und seiner Arbeit als Denkmalpfleger in Franken häufig verhindert war, beauftragte Graf Wilhelm kurzerhand den in Reutlingen wohnhaften Architekten und Denkmalpfleger Johann Georg Rupp (1797-1883) mit der Anfertigung von Plänen zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein. Heideloff blieb dennoch in die Planungen involviert, indem er etwa Stellungnahmen zu Rupps Plänen lieferte. Rupp legte im Folgenden eine Reihe von Entwurfszeichnungen zum Kernschloss vor, die vor allem im Bestand GU 97 dokumentiert sind und im Großen und Ganzen dem tatsächlich realisierten Bau ähneln. Über die Vorstellungen des Grafen Wilhelm zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein sind wir durch einen Brief seines Sekretärs genau informiert (GU 20 Büschel 143, abgedruckt bei Bidlingmaier, a.a.O., S. 126f.). Graf Wilhelm nahm selbst Einfluss auf die Planungen, wie seine handschriftlichen Korrekturen auf den Plänen und Entwurfszeichnungen Rupps beweisen. Die Bauarbeiten wurden in den Jahren 1839 bis 1842 ausgeführt. Am 27. Mai 1842 weihte Wilhelm I. König von Württemberg das Schloss ein. Die Schlossanlage umfasste nach der Fertigstellung neben dem Kernschloss auf dem Felsen über dem Echaztal den Ritterbau (rechts vom Eingangstor), den Fremdenbau (links vom Eingangstor) und die Festungsanlage. In den Jahren 1857 bis 1858 erfolgte der Um- und Ausbau der Festungsanlage, wohl auch mit Blick auf die revolutionären Ereignisse der Jahre 1848 bis 1849 (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 141 und 155). Wahrscheinlich wollte Graf Wilhelm ein sicheres Refugium für sich und seine Familie errichten, das im Falle eines Aufstandes Schutz bieten konnte (vgl. hierzu Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten im Deutschen Bund 1815-1866, a.a.O., S. 104f.). Graf Wilhelm, der ab 1857 Gouverneur der Festung Ulm war und daher auf dem neuesten Stand der Festungsbaukunst war, fertigte selbst Pläne und Zeichnungen zum Um- und Ausbau der Festungsanlage an, die im Bestand GU 97 erhalten sind (GU 97 Nr. 6-9, 13, 14, 17-19, 30-32 und 62). Um 1900 entstanden weitere Anbauten an die bisherigen Gebäude. 1899 wurde der Gerobau als Anbau an den Fremdenbau errichtet, in dem u. a. Räume für die Kinder von Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach und Amalie Herzogin von Urach (geb. Herzogin in Bayern) untergebracht waren (vgl. hierzu Unterrubrik 2.3.6). Der Fürstenbau wurde in den Jahren 1907 bis 1908 an den Ritterbau angebaut (vgl. hierzu Unterrubrik 2.3.7). Schloss Lichtenstein erregte bereits kurz nach seiner Fertigstellung die Aufmerksamkeit der Öffentlichkeit: Der Sondelfinger Pfarrer Carl Christian Gratianus (1780-1852) veröffentlichte 1844 ein kleines Bändchen unter dem Titel "Die Ritterburg Lichtenstein. Landsitz Sr. Erlaucht des Grav Wilhelm von Wirtemberg. Vergangenheit und Gegenwart" (Hauptstaatsarchiv Bibliothek A 3048). 1852 erschien das Werk "Der im mittelalterlichen Styl neu erbaute Lichtenstein. Burg Sr. Erlaucht des Herrn Graven Wilhelm von Württemberg. Eine Zusammenstellung von Ansichten, Plänen, ornamentalen & architektonischen Details in Farbendruck, nebst Text mit Holzschnitten" (GU 97 Nr. 5), das von dem Maler und Architekten Georg Eberlein (1819-1884) herausgegeben wurde. Eberlein, ein Schüler Carl Alexander von Heideloffs, war auch an der Ausmalung der Innenräume des Schlosses maßgeblich beteiligt. In den letzten Jahren wurde Schloss Lichtenstein renoviert. Das Schloss ist im Besitz des Hauses Urach, wird aber nicht mehr ständig von Mitgliedern des Hauses bewohnt. 2. Inhalt des Bestandes Den Auftakt des Bestandes bilden die in Rubrik 1 versammelten Unterlagen zu den Verhandlungen über den Kauf des Schlosses Lichtenstein, die Graf Wilhelm mit der württembergischen Forstverwaltung und dem Finanzministerium führte (GU 20 Büschel 143). Rubrik 2 vereinigt Archivalien zu Bau, An- und Umbauten, Instandsetzungsarbeiten und Haustechnik des Schlosses Lichtenstein, einschließlich zugehöriger Rechnungsbelege. Sie ist bezüglich ihres Inhaltes die bedeutendste und gemessen am Umfang die zweitgrößte Rubrik des Bestandes. Neben Rechnungsbelegen und Quittungen zum Bau und zu Umbaumaßnahmen sind Bauakten, teilweise mit Plänen und Entwürfen, zu erwarten. In der Unterrubrik 2.1.1 sind die Rechnungsbelege und Quittungen zum Schlossbau und in der Unterrubrik 2.1.2 die Korrespondenzen des Bauherrn Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg mit den Architekten und Künstlern Carl Alexander von Heideloff (GU 20 Büschel 225), Johann Georg Rupp (GU 20 Büschel 219) und Georg Eberlein (GU 20 Büschel 216 und 154), die am Bau des Schlosses beteiligt waren, vorhanden. Bei den genannten Korrespondenzen handelt es sich allesamt um sog. unilaterale Korrespondenzen, d. h. es sind nur die Schreiben der genannten Personen an Graf Wilhelm zu finden. In den Briefen der genannten Künstler spiegeln sich die Baugeschichte und die späteren Baumaßnahmen des Schlosses wider. Vor allem die Briefe Heideloffs verdienen besondere Beachtung, denn neben der Baugeschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein enthalten diese auch Ausführungen zu den umfangreichen anderen Baumaßnahmen und Planungen Heideloffs, etwa im Auftrag der Herzöge von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha und Sachsen-Meiningen. Sogar ein Angebot des portugiesischen Königs Ferdinand II., welcher der katholischen Linie Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha-Kohary entstammte, an Heideloff, beim Bau von Schloss Pena mitzuwirken, wird in den Briefen genannt. Auch Heideloffs nicht unwichtige Tätigkeit als Denkmalpfleger in Nürnberg und im übrigen Franken ist darin dokumentiert. Die Briefe sind eine interessante Quelle zur Biografie Heideloffs und darüber hinaus auch zur Kunstgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts (Auszüge u. a. bei Bidlingmaier, Ottersbach, a.a.O.). Für die Baugeschichte und die Kunstgeschichte von Belang sind auch die Briefe des bereits genannten Malers und Architekten Georg Eberlein in GU 20 Büschel 216. Sie informieren über die Ausmalung des Schlosses Lichtenstein und daneben auch über Eberleins Wirken beim Bau der Burg Hohenzollern und im Auftrag des von Graf Wilhelm mitbegründeten Württembergischen Geschichts- und Altertumsvereins (siehe dazu auch Bidlingmaier, a.a.O.). Die Unterrubrik 2.2 beinhaltet Archivalien zu späteren Baumaßnahmen nach der Vollendung des Schlosses, die sich auf mehrere Gebäude der Schlossanlage Lichtenstein beziehen. In der Unterrubrik 2.2.2 finden sich Briefe des bereits erwähnten Johann Georg Rupp aus den Jahren 1856 bis 1883 (GU 20 Büschel 220 und 222), also aus der Zeit nach Fertigstellung des Schlossbaus, und des Architekten Karl Mayer aus den Jahren 1883-1904 (GU 20 Büschel 1-4). Letzterer war als Architekt bei Baumaßnahmen in der Zeit um 1900, etwa beim Bau des Gerobaus und des Fürstenbaus, maßgeblich beteiligt. Unterlagen zu einzelnen Gebäuden der Schlossanlage sind in der Unterrubrik 2.3, Materialien zu technischen Einrichtungen auf Schloss Lichtenstein sind in der Unterrubrik 2.4 zu erwarten. Rubrik 3 ist die umfangreichste Rubrik des Bestandes. In ihr finden sich Instruktionen der Herzöge und der Herzogin für die Schlossverwalter (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.1), Berichte der Schlossverwalter an den Herzog und die Herzogin (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.2), Monatsabrechnungen und -berichte (Unterrubrik 3.3), Status bzw. Übersichten über die Einnahmen und Ausgaben (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.4), Kassen-Tagebücher (Unterrubrik 3.5), Auszüge aus den Kassen-Tagebüchern (Unterrubrik 3.6), ein Postbuch (Unterrubrik 3.7), die Versicherung des Schlosses und des Hausrats (Unterrubrik 3.8) und Personalangelegenheiten des Schlossverwalters (Unterrubrik 3.9). Bei den genannten Serien gibt es teilweise Überschneidungen. So enthalten die Berichte der Unterrubriken 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.2 und 3.2.2.3 auch die Aufstellungen der Einnahmen und Ausgaben (Status). Es erschien sinnvoll, die vorgefundenen Einheiten zu belassen und die entsprechenden Inhalte in den Enthält- und Darin-Vermerken aufzuführen. Hervorzuheben sind in Rubrik 3 vor allem die Berichte der Schlossverwalter an den Herzog und die Herzogin und die Instruktionen des Herzogs und der Herzogin an die Schlossverwalter, da in diesen häufig die Baumaßnahmen auf Schloss Lichtenstein Erwähnung finden. Rubrik 4 enthält die Inventare der Räume des Schlosses Lichtenstein, die eine wichtige Quelle für die Ausstattung des Schlosses sind. In den Inventaren werden auch die auf dem Lichtenstein verwahrten Kunstwerke und Sammlungen aufgeführt. Diese Sammlungen und Kunstwerke sind natürlich vorrangig Gegenstand der Rubrik 5. Von Bedeutung sind die Gemäldesammlungen (Unterrubrik 5.1), die Skulpturensammlungen (Unterrubrik 5.2) und die Sammlungen griechischer und römischer Altertümer (Unterrubrik 5.3). Die größtenteils von Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg angelegten Sammlungen sind zugleich ein beredtes Zeugnis für das rege Interesse und die profunden Kenntnisse des Grafen in den Fächern Geschichte, Kunstgeschichte und Geologie. Erwähnung verdienen die von dem Stuttgarter Kunstforscher und Rechtsanwalt Karl Walcher (1831-1906) angelegten Materialsammlungen, Aufzeichnungen und Publikationen zu den Skulpturen des Neuen Lusthauses in Stuttgart, das von Georg Beer unter Mitwirkung von Heinrich Schickhardt Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts erbaut worden war. Graf Wilhelm hatte vor dem Umbau des Neuen Lusthauses zum Königlich Württembergischen Hoftheater in den 1840er Jahren einige der an dem Gebäude befindlichen Skulpturen erworben, auf den Lichtenstein verbracht und damit vor dem sicheren Untergang gerettet. Walcher, der als Rechtsanwalt häufig die Interessen des Hauses Urach vertrat, hat sich intensiv mit den Lusthausfiguren befasst und Publikationen darüber vorgelegt. Seine Materialsammlungen und seine wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz mit Gelehrten zu diesem Thema hat Walcher dem Haus Urach übergeben. Sie befinden sich in Unterrubrik 5.2.1. Die Korrespondenzen mit den Bildhauern Ernst Macholdt und August Schwenzer über die Restaurierung der Lusthausfiguren, sind in GU 20 Büschel 159, 161 und 210 zu erwarten. Auch der Bestand GU 97 weist Archivalien zum Neuen Lusthaus auf (v. a. Nr. 125, 136 und 137). In Unterrubrik 5.8 ist vor allem die umfangreiche Korrespondenz des Grafen Wilhelm mit Künstlern, Kunsthändlern und Restauratoren hervorzuheben. Graf Wilhelm hat zahlreiche Gemälde und Skulpturen erworben. Darunter befanden sich viele sakrale Kunstwerke, die nach der Säkularisation auf den Kunstmarkt gelangten. Mit dem Erwerb dieser Kunstwerke hat Graf Wilhelm diese Kunstobjekte vor dem Untergang oder dem Verkauf ins Ausland gerettet. In diesem Zusammenhang verdient das in GU 20 Büschel 301 vertretene Gutachten des Kunstsammlers und -gelehrten Sulpiz Boisserée (1783-1854) zu der Gemälde-Sammlung des Ludwig Fürst zu Oettingen-Wallerstein Beachtung. Der Fürst beabsichtigte damals, seine Gemälde-Sammlung dem Stuttgarter Museum der Bildenden Künste, der Vorgänger-Institution der Staatsgalerie, zum Verkauf anzubieten. Die Materialien zur Bibliothek des Hauses Urach sind in Rubrik 6 versammelt. Darin sind die Verzeichnisse der Bibliothek der Florestine Herzogin von Urach Gräfin von Württemberg (geb. Prinzessin von Monaco) erwähnenswert (GU 20 Büschel 236 und 255). Einzelne Dokumente zu dem früher auf Schloss Lichtenstein verwahrten Archiv finden sich in Rubrik 7. Rubrik 8 hat die Nutzung des Schlosses Lichtenstein und die Hofhaltung des Hauses Urach auf dem Schloss zum Gegenstand. Die Fremdenbücher (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.1) und die Einschreibebücher der Herzogin (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.2) und des Herzogs (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.3) geben Auskünfte über die prominenten Besucher des Schlosses aus den Reihen der europäischen Fürstenhäuser, des deutschen Hochadels, der Stuttgarter Hofgesellschaft, des Militärs, des Kabinetts und der Verwaltung in Württemberg. Unter den Besuchern sind u. a. die Könige Wilhelm I., Karl und Wilhelm II. von Württemberg, die Königinnen Pauline, Olga und Charlotte von Württemberg und Wilhelm III. König der Niederlande Großherzog von Luxemburg, Albert I. Fürst von Monaco, Albert I. König und Elisabeth Königin der Belgier, Mary Fürstin von Teck (verh. Königin von Großbritannien und Irland Kaiserin von Indien), Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin, der spätere russische Außenminister und Staatskanzler Alexander Fürst Gortschakow, Ludwig Uhland, Sulpiz Boisserée und Paul Wilhelm von Keppler Bischof von Rottenburg zu nennen. Bei einzelnen Einträgen ist jedoch nicht immer ersichtlich, inwieweit sich diese auf Besuche bei Angehörigen des Hauses Urach im Palais Urach in Stuttgart oder auf Schloss Lichtenstein beziehen. Im Fremdenbuch des Schlosses Lichtenstein (GU 20 Büschel 184) finden sich außerdem Klecksbilder oder sog. "Klecksographien" und Gedichte u. a. über den Lichtenstein von dem Arzt und Dichter Justinus Kerner. Archivgut über Schloss Lichtenstein und die Öffentlichkeit sind in Rubrik 9 vereinigt. Die Besichtigung des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.1.) ist durch die Besucher-, Fremden- und Einschreibebücher des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.1.1), in denen die weniger prominenten Besucher auftauchen, Eintrittskarten (Unterrubrik 9.1.2) und Anfragen von Schlossbesuchern (Unterrubrik 9.1.3) dokumentiert. Außerdem sind Archivalien über Veranstaltungen auf dem Schloss und die Lichtensteinspiele in Honau (Unterrubrik 9.2) und die verkehrstechnische Anbindung des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.3) zu erwarten. Von Interesse sind etwa die Überlegungen zum Bau einer Drahtseilbahn auf den Lichtenstein (GU 20 Büschel 179), die jedoch wegen der damit verbundenen Verunstaltung der Landschaft nicht realisiert wurden. Zeitungsartikel, Typoskripte, Manuskripte und Gedichte über Schloss Lichtenstein enthält Rubrik 9.4. Die Umgebung des Schlosses hat Rubrik 10 zum Inhalt. Hier sind Unterlagen u. a. über das ehemalige Forsthaus bzw. den Sitz des staatlichen Revierförsters auf dem Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.1), die Wälder in der Nähe von Schloss Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.2), die geologische Pyramide auf dem Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.5) und die eingangs bereits erwähnte Burgruine Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.6) aufgeführt. Schließlich folgen die meteorologischen Aufzeichnungen des Schlossverwalters Feil für Graf Wilhelm vor allem aus dem Jahr 1844 (Rubrik 11). Die in dem vorliegenden Bestand vorhandenen Archivalien bilden neben dem Bestand GU 97 die zentralen Quellen für die Baugeschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein. Für Forschungen zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein und zu An- und Umbaumaßnahmen ist es sinnvoll, in den Beständen GU 20 und GU 97 parallel zu recherchieren. Auch für die Biografie des Erbauers von Schloss Lichtenstein Wilhelm (I.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg (1810-1869) und die Geschichte des Hauses Urach sind die Materialien von großem Interesse. Darüber hinaus haben die Quellen im Bestand GU 20 Bedeutung für die Kunstgeschichte, Denkmalpflege und Kulturgeschichte sowie die Alltags- und Mentalitätsgeschichte des Adels. 3. Ordnung und Verzeichnung des Bestandes Der Bestand GU 20 gelangte zusammen mit dem Archiv der Herzöge und Fürsten von Urach Grafen von Württemberg im Jahre 1987 als Depositum ins Hauptstaatsarchiv. Dort bildet das Archiv des Hauses Urach innerhalb der Tektonik (Beständegliederung) die GU-Beständeserie. Bei der Neuordnung des Archivs durch Ltd. Archivdirektor Wolfgang Schmierer erhielten die Unterlagen zu Bau, Nutzung und Verwaltung des Schlosses Lichtenstein die Signatur GU 20. Bereits lange vor der Abgabe der Archivalien an das Hauptstaatsarchiv gab es Versuche, einen Teil der Akten zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein zu ordnen, um einen besseren und schnelleren Zugriff auf benötigte Dokumente zu erhalten. Auf einigen Akten des Bestandes GU 20 und auf den Mappen mit Plänen im Bestand GU 97 sind daher Vorsignaturen vorhanden, die bei den Konkordanzen der Vorsignaturen in diesem Repertorium unter den Vorsignaturen 1, 2 und 3 aufgeführt sind. Einige der Vorsignaturen auf den Aktendeckeln stammen möglicherweise von Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach (1864-1928) selbst. Bei allen diesen Maßnahmen handelte es sich jedoch nur um Ansätze zu einer groben Ordnung, die nur kleine Teile der heutigen Bestände GU 20 und GU 97 betrafen. Im Jahre 1984 wurden schließlich die Akten und Pläne zum Bau des Schlosses, die jetzt den Beständen GU 20 und GU 97 zugewiesen sind, teilweise neu geordnet. Auf den Aktendeckeln und auf den Mappen wurden in diesem Zusammenhang handschriftliche Verzeichnisse, mit sehr knappen Angaben zum Inhalt, angebracht. Auch diese Ordnung bezog sich jedoch nur auf einen begrenzten Teil der Unterlagen. Die bei dieser Vorordnung vergebenen Signaturen in Form von arabischen Ziffern finden im Repertorium bei den Konkordanzen als Vorsignatur 4 Erwähnung. Da die Bestände GU 20 und GU 97 noch vor deren Neuverzeichnung Benutzern zugänglich gemacht wurden, sind häufig die 1984 vergebenen Vorsignaturen in der Literatur genannt (v. a. bei Ottersbach und Bidlingmaier, a.a.O.), da andere Signaturen für Zitatnachweise damals nicht zur Verfügung standen. Wie bereits erwähnt, waren Teile des vorliegenden Bestandes ungeordnet. Hier mussten die Verzeichnungseinheiten neu gebildet werden. Wo es sinnvoll erschien, insbesondere bei den Serien der Rechnungen und Quittungen, Instruktionen für den Schlossverwalter, Berichten der Schlossverwalter und Auszügen aus den Kassen-Tagebüchern, wurden die vorgefundenen Einheiten beibehalten. Die in den genannten Serien vereinzelt enthaltenen Pläne und Korrespondenzen der Schlossverwalter und der Mitglieder des Hauses Urach wurden im Enthält- bzw. Darin-Vermerk aufgeführt. Da für die vorliegenden Akten keine grundlegende Ordnung, geschweige denn ein Aktenplan oder -verzeichnis, vorlag, musste vom Bearbeiter eine neue Klassifikation entwickelt werden. Im Zuge der Erschließung wurden aus dem Bestand GU 20 zahlreiche Unterlagen ausgegliedert und vor allem den Beständen GU 10 (Vermögensverwaltung des Hauses Urach), GU 97 (Schloss Lichtenstein: Pläne, Risse und Zeichnungen), GU 105 (Wilhelm (I.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg), GU 117 (Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg) und GU 120 (Karl Fürst von Urach Graf von Württemberg) zugewiesen. Die Archivalien des Bestandes GU 20 dürfen nur nach vorheriger Genehmigung des Chefs des Hauses Urach eingesehen werden. Das Repertorium des Bestandes GU 20 wurde im November 2009 fertiggestellt. Der Bestand umfasst - vor der Verpackung - ca. 5 lfd. Meter mit 400 Nummern. Stuttgart, im November 2009 Eberhard Merk Literatur über Schloss Lichtenstein und das Haus Urach: Carl Christian Gratianus: Die Ritterburg Lichtenstein. Landsitz Sr. Erlaucht des Grav Wilhelm von Wirtemberg. Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Tübingen 1844. Georg Eberlein: Der im mittelalterlichen Styl neu erbaute Lichtenstein. Burg Sr. Erlaucht des Herrn Graven Wilhelm von Württemberg. eine Zusammenstellung von Ansichten, Plänen, ornamentalen & architektonischen Details in Farbendruck, nebst Text mit Holzschnitten. Reutlingen 1852. Friedrich Pfäfflin (Bearbeiter): Wilhelm Hauff und der Lichtenstein. [Ausstellung von März bis Juni 1981 im Schiller-Nationalmuseum Marbach am Neckar] (Marbacher Magazine 18). Marbach am Neckar 1981. Rolf Bidlingmaier: Schloß Lichtenstein. Die Baugeschichte eines romantischen Symbols. In: Reutlinger Geschichtsblätter NF 33 (1994) S. 113-152. Wolfgang Schmierer: Die Seitenlinie der Herzöge von Urach (seit 1867). In: Das Haus Württemberg. Ein biographisches Lexikon. Hg. von Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens, Volker Press. Stuttgart 1997. S. 376-398. Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten der Romantik. Die Schlösser Lichtenstein ob Honau und Hohenzollern. Magister-Hausarbeit im Fach Kunstgeschichte. Marburg 1998. Katharina und Nikola Hild: Lichtenstein. Reutlingen 2000. Hans-Christoph Dittscheid: Erfindung als Erinnerung. Burg Lichtenstein zwischen Hauffs poetischer Fiktion und Heideloffs künstlerischer Konkretisierung. In: Wilhelm Hauff oder Die Virtuosität der Einbildungskraft. Hg. von Ernst Osterkamp, Andrea Polaschegg und Erhard Schütz in Verbindung mit der Deutschen Schillergesellschaft. Göttingen 2005. Architektur wie sie im Buche steht. Fiktive Bauten und Städte in der Literatur. Katalog anlässlich der gleichnamigen Ausstellung im Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität München in der Pinakothek der Moderne vom 8. Dezember 2006 bis 11. März 2007. München 2006. S. 477-480. Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten im Deutschen Bund. Petersberg 2007. Andrea Knop: Carl Alexander Heideloff und sein romantisches Architekturprogramm. Monographie und Werkkatalog (Nürnberger Werkstücke zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte Bd. 67). Nürnberg 2009.

The inventory FL 300/23 I Amtsgericht Neresheim: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister contains register files of the department HRA of the Amtsgericht Neresheim, which up to now have been summarized in 4 collective bundles and were recorded individually within the scope of a comprehensive indexing of register documents of the Amtsgerichte according to register numbers, as well as volumes to the Handelsregister and to the Genossenschaftsregister from the additions 2006/31, 2006/37, 2006/40. Since the jurisdiction of the court district of Neresheim - as well as that of the district court of Ellwangen (see volume FL 300/9 II) - for register matters was transferred to the district court of Aalen, the register volumes of Neresheim were archived via the district court of Aalen. The volumes on the Commercial Register contain an older stratum that distinguishes between E/HRE (sole proprietorships) and G/HRG (partnership companies); the later volumes are, as usual, separated into HRA (sole proprietorships and partnerships) and HRB (corporations). The holdings only contain volumes on the register of cooperatives; association register documents of the Neresheim Local Court have not yet been delivered; the title records for the files were made in 2008 by Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, archivist, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/23 I Local Court Neresheim: Commercial, cooperative and association register comprises 43 files and 11 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011/5 on 25.01.2011 from the Local Court Aalen still 2 model registers were received, which were incorporated by Mrs Andrea Jaraszewski here.January 2011Ute Bitz

1. to the biography: Friedrich Facius was born on 17.8.1907 in Winzlar (GDR). After graduating from high school in 1927-1933, he studied history, German and Latin in Berlin, Jena and Heidelberg. He completed his studies with a doctorate from Willy Andreas, to whom he later felt a lifelong connection. In 1933 he began his preparatory service for the archive career in the Weimar State Archives. From 1935 to 1947 he headed the Landesarchiv Altenburg (Saxony), but remained in Weimar during this time. In 1939, he became State Archives Councillor. From 1952 to 1961 he was at the Federal Archives Koblenz, then the first State Archives Council at the branch of the Main State Archives Stuttgart in Ludwigsburg; there he became Chief State Archives Councilor in 1962. The last station of his professional life was Freiburg i. Br., where from 1967 to 1972 he was Director of the State Archives at the then branch of the General State Archives in Karlsruhe. Until shortly before his death in 1983 he was still scientifically active. 2nd inventory history: In 1983, his wife handed over the extensive estate of Friedrich Facius to the General State Archive in Karlsruhe. From its large library, the archive only took over the historical works and the Badenia. The publications of Friedrich Facius deal with topics of Thuringian regional history as well as industrial and economic history; in the latter he has worked intensively into the history of Baden, of which numerous publications on the F1uss-, shipping and port history of the Upper Rhine area bear witness. He has also dealt with the history of landscape design over many years and has published several essays on it. Friedrich Facius was a member of the Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Deutschen Rheinschifffahrtsmuseums in Mannheim e.V. (Society for the Promotion of the German Rhine Navigation Museum in Mannheim), the Kirchengeschichtlichen Verein für das Erzbistum Freiburg (Association for the History of the Church in the Archdiocese of Freiburg), the Alemannisches Institut (Alemannic Institute), the Kommission für Gesch. Regional studies in Baden-Württemberg and the Breisgau History Association. He was also a member of the scientific working group for Central Germany and the Fürst-Pückler-Gesellschaft. The estate of Friedrich Facius was already handed over to the General State Archives in a preliminary form, whereby the contents were summarized: For example, correspondence on individual issues was enclosed with the corresponding publications and lectures. The editors have now made an effort to bring the material into a systematic order. Membership in historical associations and general correspondence were put at the beginning under the heading 'Personal'. By far the largest part of the estate is, however, the scientific work of Friedrich Facius. It is now arranged thematically in 9 points. A collection of special editions was dissolved and material collections on various historical topics, which - as far as can be seen - did not give rise to any publications or lectures, were collected in accordance with the corresponding norms. The indexes to the bibliography have also been classified under this heading. The Facius estate now comprises 117 fascicles, housed in 18 boxes. The regulatory and registry work was carried out by M. Reiling and R. Gomringer under the supervision of the undersigned. The repertory was prepared as part of the MIDOSA project of the State Archive Administration. Mrs. L. Hessler took care of the title recordings and the corrections. Karlsruhe spring 1985 M. Salaba

The Kislauer Prisons: The buildings on the grounds of the former hunting and pleasure palace of the Speyer prince-bishops in Kislau have served since the attack of the right Rhine parts of the Speyer high monastery on Baden to accommodate various state institutions, some of which existed parallel to each other in different buildings on the palace grounds: as a prison (among other things for revolution participants 1848/49, branch of the Rastatt fortress), custody for women and men, workhouse for socially marginalized men, military hospital and prisoner of war camp in the First World War, branch for women of the Wiesloch sanatorium and nursing home, transit camp for former French foreign legionnaires, refugee camp after 1945 and branch of the Bruchsal penal institution until today. Above all, however, Kislau Castle is still associated with the role it played during the Third Reich, when a protective custody camp and a concentration camp for political prisoners were set up there. Famous political prisoners during the National Socialist era included Adam Remmele, Christian Stock, and Ludwig Marum, who was apparently the only prisoner murdered in Kislau. In the Kislau prison records from the time of National Socialism, Marum is documented as well as a few other, apparently "natural" deaths. During the Nazi era, Kislau was a transit station for many prisoners on their way to other camps, in particular to/from Hinzert (SS special camp), Dachau (concentration camp) and to the Emsland camps (mainly Wehrmacht members). During the Second World War, many prisoners came from abroad; they were Eastern European foreign workers or people from the territories occupied by Germany in Western Europe. Processing: Until 2015, the prison files preserved in fonds 521 formed part of fonds 521 Zugang 1982-48 and 521 Zugang 2003-57. The files were mainly created during the National Socialist era and concern the following Kislauer institutions: - Arbeitshaus- Schutzhaftlager/Konzentrationslager/Bewahrungslager- Straffängnis- Durchgangslager für Fremdenlegionäre. Until 2015, the only finding aid to the files in the 521 Access 1982-48 partial holdings was a typewritten list with names and dates of birth, supplemented by handwritten supplements. This list included - according to the claim - the existing files and a part of the index cards of the prisoner file. The reasons for imprisonment, places of origin, running times of files and, above all, the names of the institutions in which the persons concerned were accommodated were not recorded. Targeted and combined searches, e.g. for protective prisoners whose names were not known in advance, for criminal offences typical of the time, such as decomposition of military strength, refusal to work, forbidden contact with prisoners of war or for places of origin, etc., were not possible in this way. In addition, as the processing revealed, there were unlisted files not included in the list, which were between the others. At the beginning of the development work it was planned to structure the finished finding aid according to institutions, e.g. concentration camp Kislau, workhouse Kislau etc. and within these groups according to alphabet of names. This turned out to be impossible because many prisoners were re-quartered within the Kislau camp complex or because, especially in the case of very many prisoners who were detained for a short period of time (above all detainees under deportation), these details were missing, so that it was very often not possible to make any definite allocations. Another particular difficulty was that the Kislau prisons apparently did not have their own administrations, as can be seen from the stamps, letterheads and address details in the files. In which institution someone was is not always clearly recognizable from the files themselves and would have had to be thoroughly researched and verified on the basis of the parallel transmission in the concrete individual cases (e.g. Kislauer prisoner books, files of the courts and public prosecutor's offices, reparations files). The individual index cards of the prison index have been included in the individual index. These index cards were kept from 1933 to 1938 and contain important personal data: dates of birth, places of origin, reasons for detention, places of detention etc. Often these index cards are the only remaining proof of the imprisonment of a person for political reasons in Kislau. Cards for which files could be identified during the registration work were assigned to these files and were therefore not specifically listed in order to avoid duplication of work. The accounting file, which covers the years approx. 1935-1944, was excluded from the individual indexing. This accounting file contains overviews of deposits and withdrawals of the prisoners' personal funds. The old order numbers in the file list of partial stock 521 Access 1982-48 with about 8500 numbers were retained in order to be able to dispense as far as possible with a concordance. Accordingly, the few gaps found in the sequence of numbers and individual derivatives ("a-numbers") have been preserved. On the other hand, the index cards and the unsigned files from the partial stock 521 Access 2003-57 received new order numbers, which were formed by continued counting.Karlsruhe, in December 2015Dr. Martin Stingl Literature reference: Borgstedt, Angela: Das nordbadische Kislau - Konzentrationslager, Arbeitshaus und Durchgangslager für Fremdenlegionäre, in: Wolfgang Benz/Barbara Distel (ed.): Herrschaft und Gewalt. Early Concentration Camps 1933-1939, Berlin 2001, pp. 217-229.

History of the authorities: The institution of the public prosecutor developed in Baden according to the French model since 1831 and was fully developed until 1845. The main task of the public prosecutor's offices was to investigate punishable acts according to the principle of legality, to bring charges if necessary and to make the evidence available to the court. In addition, they initially also had tasks in the field of voluntary (guardianship matters) and contentious jurisdiction (inheritance and incapacitation matters). As a consequence of the Reichsjustizgesetze of 1879, however, they lost their tasks in the area of voluntary jurisdiction. As a rule, the public prosecutor's offices at the district courts also performed the duties of the district attorneys at the district courts. The Freiburg public prosecutor's office had had a branch in Lörrach since 1919; it was closed in 1931, but reestablished three years later in 1934. Inventory history: The newly formed inventory A 40/1 - Public Prosecutor's Office Freiburg consists of various inventories and parts. The documents of the Freiburg public prosecutor's office previously held under the signatures A 40/1, A 40/2, A 40/3 and A 40/4 were brought together by way of systematic stocktaking by the higher authorities of the judiciary. In addition, in the more recent deliveries of the public prosecutor's offices in Freiburg and Lörrach, the documents that had been created before 1945 were determined and also assigned to the existing holdings. The allocation criterion was the file number assigned by the public prosecutor's office. Thus extensive documents from the holdings F 176/1, F 176/3, F 176/6, F 176/13, F 176/14, F 176/19 as well as F 177/1 and F 177/2 came into the present holdings. He now unites all documents of the Freiburg Public Prosecutor's Office and his Lörrach branch that were created before 1945 and that reached the Freiburg Public Archives. In addition, it also contains documents that were created in the course of the prosecutor's activity as senior prosecutor at the Special Court of Freiburg and that were partly included in the above-mentioned deliveries, partly from the splinter inventories A 47/2 and A 47/3 were attached to the present inventory. according to the year of the investigation,2. according to the place of residence of the suspect,3. according to the alphabet of namesCollecting files: thematic and chronologicalPublic Prosecutor at the Special Court Freiburg:1. according to the year of the investigation,2. according to the place of residence of the suspect,3. according to the alphabet of namesIn addition to the capital crimes (above all murder, arson, fraud, etc.), the investigation files contain numerous political investigation proceedings. The Lörrach riots in connection with the murder of Walter Rathenau are to be mentioned separately, as are the documents on the early history of the NSDAP in the Freiburg area and the numerous political offences in the Third Reich. 770 order numbers in 10.2 m have now been added to the collection. The overall index refers to the order number, concordances between the former Freiburg signature and the now valid order number facilitate the retrieval of the documents already frequently cited in scientific and local historical literature. Freiburg in May 2005 Kurt Hochstuhl

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/11 II Local Court Geislingen: The Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed as part of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the Local Court holdings, which was started in 2008, in order to create pure register holdings. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the district court Geislingen, which were created before the merger of the register keeping at the district court Göppingen towards the end of the 1960s. On the one hand the index files come from stock F 267 III, on the other hand from stock FL 300/11. The volumes to the commercial, cooperative and association register Geislingen came via the district court Göppingen only with access 2011/102 to the state archive. Since the district court Göppingen is responsible since about 1969 also for the guidance of the commercial and cooperative register of the district court district Geislingen, also numerous register files of the district court district Geislingen came in over deliveries of the district court Göppingen. These were not separated, but in the inventory FL 300/12 IV district court Göppingen: Commercial, cooperative and association registers and indexed there in a separate classification point "Amtsgerichtsbezirk Geislingen". In contrast, the older register files closed before 1970 were included in the present inventory. For the use of commercial and cooperative register files of the district court district Geislingen, FL 300/12 IV is generally to be used as well. Since 01.01.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. Both the district court Göppingen as well as the district court Geislingen keep at the time of the indexing only the register of associations. to the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the commercial, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The indexing work was carried out in the summer of 2012 by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned. The holdings include volumes 1-20 and the Büschel 1-251.Ludwigsburg, in January 2013Ute Bitz

History of tradition: The Department of Justice, created in 1807, was upgraded to the Ministry of Justice in 1808/09, but was abolished in 1819. Its tasks were initially performed by the Ministry of the Interior and the Court of Appeal, but then mainly by the Justice Section set up within the Ministry of State. But as early as 1825 the Ministry of Justice was newly established. In the years 1871-1876 it was also responsible for foreign affairs, 1871-1881 for the Grand Ducal House and 1881-1911 for cult and education, science and art. In 1911 - as in 1871 - the departments of the Grand Duke's House, Justice and Foreign Affairs were merged, but in 1919 the new Baden constitution was to reduce the Ministry of Justice to its actual core areas again. In 1933, the two ministries of justice and cult and education were reunited. In 1934, within the framework of the National Socialist Gleichschaltung, his powers were transferred to the Reich Ministry of Justice. Processing: The previous card index was digitised with the support of the DFG in 2012. The title recordings were checked, supplemented if necessary and rearranged. The old tape repertory for the personnel and examination files (1999) was incorporated into the finding aid. Content: In addition to the files of the Ministry of Justice itself, the collection also contains documents of the Justice Examination Office, the two Protestant and Catholic church sections (from 1843 Oberkirchenräte) located at the Ministry of the Interior as well as the Compensation Commission for the distribution of church property in the Rhine-Palatinate.

1 On the biography of Walther Reinhardt: Walther Reinhardt was born in Stuttgart on 24 March 1872 as the son of the then captain August Reinhardt. He attended the Gymnasium in Ulm, the Lyceum in Ludwigsburg and the Gymnasium in Heilbronn. Afterwards he changed to the Kadettenanstalt in Oranienstein and to the Hauptkadettenanstalt Groß-Lichterfelde. On 9 February 1891 Reinhardt joined the Grenadier regiment of Queen Olga No. 119 as Portepeefähnrich. In 1892 he was promoted to lieutenant, in 1897 he was appointed to war academy and subsequently commanded as lieutenant in service at the Great General Staff. Three years later, on March 10, 1904, Reinhardt was promoted to Captain, leaving the Grand General Staff in office. On April 22, 1905, he joined the General Staff of the XV Army Corps in Strasbourg before serving as Company Commander in the Infantry Regiment Alt-Württemberg No. 121 in Ludwigsburg from February 25, 1907 to April 19, 1909. On 20 April 1909 Reinhardt was transferred to the General Staff of the 26th (1st Kgl.-Württ.) Division. He returned to the Grand General Staff as Major on September 10, 1910. On 3 November 1912 he was assigned to the General Command of the XIIIth (Kgl.-Württ.) Army Corps. Reinhardt was a staff officer of the XIII Army Corps and on August 2, 1914 he entered the First World War. He was appointed Chief of the General Staff of the Württemberg Army Corps on 23 January 1915. On 18 May 1915 he was appointed lieutenant colonel. From June 1916 to February 1917 Reinhardt held various command posts, each of which he held for only a few months or even a few weeks. From 26 June to 16 July 1916 he was commander of infantry regiment 118, before becoming chief of staff of the XVII Army Corps from 17 July to 20 November 1916. On 21 November 1916 he took over the post of Chief of Staff of the 11th Army in Macedonia. The appointment as Chief of Staff of the High Command of the 7th Army on 10 February 1917 led him back to the Western Front. On 23 May 1917 Reinhardt was awarded the Order of Pour le Mérite with oak leaves for his achievements in the conquest of the Chemin des Dames. He also received the Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with swords for his military achievements. On April 18, 1918, Reinhardt was promoted to colonel, and by cabinet order of November 4, 1918, Reinhardt was transferred to the Prussian War Ministry to organize the demobilization of the army. Two months later, on January 2, 1919, Reinhardt took over the office of Prussian War Minister. After the dissolution of the Imperial Army, Reinhardt became the first Chief of Staff of the new Imperial Army on 13 September 1919. During this time he was also appointed Major General. Only a few months after taking over his new duties, Reinhardt resigned as Chief of Staff at the end of March 1920, following the Kapp Putsch, and took over the Döberitz apprentice brigade for a short time before becoming Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrkreiskommando V in Stuttgart as Lieutenant General on 15 May 1920. In personal union he exercised the functions of a commander of the 5th division as well as the state commander of Württemberg. He retained his position as commander of the military district command V for almost five years. On 1 January 1925 Reinhardt was appointed commander-in-chief of Group Command 2 in Kassel. Two years later, in December 1927, he retired from the army and took charge of a course for older officers. These "Reinhardt courses" lasted beyond the death of their creator until 1932/1933. Furthermore, he devoted himself to the preparation of publications mainly on military and historical topics. Walther Reinhardt died in Berlin on August 8, 1930. 2 On the estate of Walther Reinhardt: The estate of Walther Reinhardt comprises documents from his military service as well as private correspondence. In addition, manuscripts for lectures and publications, which Reinhardt wrote above all after his retirement from military service, form a not inconsiderable part. The documents are supplemented by Reinhardt's collections of newspaper clippings, particularly from the years 1918/1919, most of which were in the possession of Reinhardt's daughter Lotte Reinhardt, Director of Studies, after his death on August 8, 1930. On September 7, 1939, the latter handed over 13 tufts of files and three war diaries to the former Heeresarchiv Stuttgart, and on September 11, 1940, further archival documents, namely photographs (some of them in albums), newspaper clippings, and official personnel reminders. The documents from Reinhardt's estate were arranged chronologically in the army archives, stapled into folders and recorded. The repertory with a foreword by Major General Sieglin was available on 15 October 1940, and a small part of Reinhardt's estate was handed over to the Potsdam Army Archives shortly after his death. In a letter dated 11 September 1940, the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart attempted to obtain the transfer of this part of the estate in order to merge it with the Stuttgart holdings in process at that time. On 23 October 1940, however, the Heeresarchiv Potsdam announced that Reinhardt had "no private records" in his custody. The Heeresarchiv Stuttgart does not seem to have made any further attempts to gain possession of the Potsdam partial estate. Since the Heeresarchiv Potsdam was destroyed immediately before the end of the Second World War and most of its holdings were destroyed, the documents handed over there from Reinhardt's property are presumably lost today.17 February 1961 Lotte Reinhardt handed over to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, which had meanwhile taken over most of the holdings of the former Heeresarchiv Stuttgart, further documents of her father in her possession (letters, records, drafts, printed matter, newspaper clippings). In the summer of 1964, Oberstaatsarchivrat Dr. Uhland ordered and listed these archival records, which were then combined with the older holdings. The collection folders bound by the Army Archives were dissolved several times in order to be able to chronologically classify pieces belonging to them. These studies also showed that the recording in the Army Archives was incomplete, and in some cases incorrect. The new holdings comprised 56 folders, which were structured according to the chronological order method of the Army Archives. In some of the tufts formed, subfascicles were formed. Before the transfer to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, Lotte Reinhardt had made available the estate of her father, Professor Fritz Ernst (Heidelberg), in her possession, who used it for a publication (Ernst, Fritz: Aus dem Nachlass des General Walther Reinhardt, Stuttgart 1958). It seems that individual pieces remained with Professor Ernst and that even after his death (22 December 1963) they no longer came to the owner. Between 1964 and 1987, his daughter Lotte Reinhardt repeatedly submitted documents from the estate of Walther Reinhardt. On December 29, 1964, Lotte Reinhardt handed over newspaper clippings and writings. There were also copies made by Professor Ernst. The archival documents were sorted, recorded and placed to the corresponding bundle numbers. In addition, two new tufts were formed. This increased the size of the estate to 58 folders. Lotte Reinhardt also handed over further archival records on 27 August 1969, 7 March 1970, 12 March 1973, 6 February 1978, April 1978, 16 August 1978 and 26 January 1987, mainly to Walther Reinhardt for private correspondence (letters to parents, wife, children) and newspaper clippings. The M 660/034 holdings were reopened in September 2010 by the candidate Sylvia Günteroth under the guidance of Dr. Wolfgang Mährle. In the course of this work, a classification of the documents was carried out which replaced the previous chronological order. The allocation of the documents that had been archived until 1964 to individual clusters and the division of these archive units into subfascicles have been retained. The existing title recordings were carefully revised. The previously unrecorded archival records that had been archived between 1969 and 1987 were sorted and recorded. The estate of Walther Reinhardt now comprises 89 tufts with a total volume of 1.6 linear metres. 3. References to sources and literature: Sources:- Walther Reinhardt's personal file: M 430/2 Bü 1684;- Biographical documents: E 130b Bü 235, Q 3/60 Bü 29, Q 3/60 Bü 32, Q 3/60 Bü 47; M 743/1 Bü 11- Photographs: Q 3/60 Bü 32; M 703 R 170N19; M 703 R190N10; M 703 R191N17; M 707 Nr. 1213; M 743/1 Bü 11Publications Walther Reinhardt's (selection):- Reinhardt, Walther: Six Months West Front: Campaign Experiences of an Artillery Officer in Belgium, Flanders and the Champagne, 3rd edition, Berlin 1915 - Reinhardt, Walther: In der Picardie: Pictures from the position war in the west, 3rd edition, Berlin 1917 - Reinhardt, Walther/Zenker, Hans: Wehrwille und Wehrgedanke in Deutschlands Jugend: 2 lectures at the Freusburger Schulungswoche 1929, Berlin-Charlottenburg 1930 - Reinhardt, Walther: George Washington. Die Geschichte einer Staatsgründung, Frankfurt 1931 - Reinhardt, Walther: Wehrkraft und Wehrwille: aus seinem Nachlass mit einer Lebensbeschreibung Walther Reinhardt, Berlin 1932 Literature: - Ernst, Fritz: Aus dem Nachlass des General Walther Reinhardt, Stuttgart 1958.- Kohlhaas, Wilhelm: Walther Reinhardt: General der Infanterie, 1872-1930, in: Lebensbilder aus Schwaben und Franken, 17th volume, Stuttgart 1991, pp. 306-316 - Mulligan, William: The creation of the modern German Army: General Walther Reinhardt and the Weimar Republic, 1914-1930, New York 2005.Stuttgart, May 2011Dr. Wolfgang MährleSylvia Günteroth

Content and evaluation The collection also contains files of the Mosbach district administration existing from 1863-1939, which comprised the districts of Adelsheim, Buchen, Mosbach, Tauberbischofsheim and Wertheim (cf. especially the Generalia section: "Kreis- und Bezirksverbände").

Preliminary remark: Most of the building files listed in this finding aid book were handed over to the State Archives by the District Office Ludwigsburg in the years 1963 to 1976. Smaller subsequent deliveries were made up to 1985. The present collection consists of documents on all municipalities of the Altkreis Ludwigsburg with the exception of the Großer Kreisstadt Kornwestheim. However, only two construction files refer to the large district town of Ludwigsburg. These have apparently been transferred to the State Archives in another context. The holdings mainly contain the years 1939 to 1959. In some municipalities, the tradition ends with the year 1954. The documents on the municipality of Bietigheim even date back only to 1944. On the other hand, the holdings still contain individual building files of the upper office of Besigheim, which was dissolved in 1938, which were continued by the successor authority. The documents relating to the municipality of Marbach relate primarily to submissions and complaints in building matters, but not to building permit procedures. For the period before 1939, reference is made to the inventories F 154 II (Besigheim upper office), F 181 III (Ludwigsburg upper office) and F 182 II (Marbach upper office). Since there can be several years between the submission of the building application and the granting of the building permit or the closing of the file, the duration of the stock actually extends up to the beginning of the seventies. in the title entries the name and the occupation (or the company) of the builder, his place of residence (or his place of business), if this differs from the place of construction, the construction diary no. (or the construction case no.), if applicable the approval date as well as the extent and the duration of the file are indicated. The building project is only mentioned in the Contained Note if it is not the new construction of a residential building. The title entries are first in alphabetical order of location, then sorted by year, whereby the year of the building diary number is decisive for the temporal allocation. Within the individual vintages an alphabetical order according to the names (and/or the companies) of the owners took place. the building files united in the present inventory were registered in the years 1980 to 1983 by the gentlemen Manfred Korreng (Aldingen - Beihingen) and Hans Schürle (Benningen - Erdmannshausen) as well as by Mrs. Anita Hundsdörfer (Erligheim - Winzerhausen). Mr. Alfred Ibrom worked on individual latecomers. The supplements to the municipalities Neckargröningen, Tamm and Walheim as well as Großsachsenheim, Kleinsachsenheim and Unterriexingen were prepared by Eberhard Royek in January 1995. The documents listed in the supplements for the latter three were taken from the FL 20/18 II (Landratsamt Vaihingen). The cataloguing was supervised by Wolfgang Schneider, archivist, Dr. Franz Mögle-Hofacker, State Archives Councillor, Udo Herkert, Archives Inspector, and Udo Schäfer, Archives Councillor. 17748 tufts in 107.5 metres of shelving were included in the holdings FL 20/12 I, the tufts having spring-numbers. The order numbers were assigned in accordance with numerus currens.Ludwigsburg, January 1995Udo Schäfer

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the reorganization and administrative modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As sub authorities they were subordinated to the district directorates as middle instances - the district office Villingen created in 1809 first to the directorate of the Danube district with seat in Villingen. In 1819 the Donaukreis was dissolved and united with the Seekreis. The originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - with the organisational reform of the year 1832 and the district office Villingen was subordinated to the government of the Seekreis. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats - Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim - each headed by a state commissioner who had a seat and vote in the ministry. The district office Villingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissariat Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district association Villingen with seat in Villingen comprised the national administrative districts Donaueschingen, Triberg (up to its dissolution in the year 1924) and Villingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. Thus the executive committee of the district office Villingen was in personal union at the same time district captain of the district association Villingen. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The district association Villingen is thus the actual "ancestor" of the former administrative district Villingen and/or, since 1973, of the today's administrative district Schwarzwald-Baar as local self-administration body. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the administrative district had been changed into Landrat. By the administrative district order of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established district federations were abolished and replaced by districts. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. Area and authority of the new administrative district Villingen as local self-administration body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the Regional Council of South Baden took its place as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the Regional Council and the administrative district of Freiburg, respectively. The district and later district administration office of Villingen underwent repeated changes from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952, especially in the first half of the 19th century. In 1834, the administrative district of Villingen comprised 25 municipalities in addition to the town of Villingen itself: Biesingen, Dauchingen, Dürrheim, Fischbach, Grüningen, Kappel, Klengen, Königsfeld, Marbach, Mönchweiler, Neuhausen, Niedereschach, Oberbaldingen, Obereschach, Oberkirnach, Öfingen, Pfaffenweiler, Rietheim, Schabenhausen, Stockburg, Sunthausen, Überauchen, Unterkirnach, Weiler and Weilersbach. In 1850, the city of Vöhrenbach and the municipalities of Langenbach, Linach and Schönenbach were assigned to the administrative district of Villingen from the administrative district of Triberg. The latter received further growth in 1857, when the official district of Hornberg was merged with that of Triberg, namely the towns and municipalities of Brigach, Buchenberg, Peterzell and St. Georgen. When the district office of Hornberg was dissolved in 1924, further towns were added to the Sprengel of the district office of Villingen. The law on the new division of the internal administration of 30 June 1936 did not bring any serious changes to the district office, but since 1939 the district administration office of Villingen, on the other hand, did not bring any serious changes to its district: only the municipality of Grüningen had to be handed over to the district or district administration office of Donaueschingen.The changes in the district of Villingen as a result of the district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, with the formation of the district of Schwarzwald-Baar by unification of the districts of Villingen and Donaueschingen are outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Villingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 748/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, B 812/1b) E 33/1c) G 24/1, /3, /4, G 28/1d) W 499The holdings mentioned under a) were first combined to form the holdings B 748/1 (new). In a second step, the inventory mentioned under b), which had been formed by the separation of preproveniences from file deliveries of the Freiburg Regional Council, was integrated into the inventory B 748/1 (new) of the Villingen District Office. Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Villingen with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 748/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Villingen" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg at the time of the mutual equalisation of holdings, were also incorporated. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 748/1 now comprises 5768 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 60.70 lfd.m.Freiburg, December 2009 Edgar Hellwig

Preliminary remark: The law of 13 August 1865 (Reg. Bl. p. 243) prescribed the maintenance of commercial registers in Württemberg. The provisions of the Commercial Register were clarified in the order of 31 October 1865 (Reg. Bl. S. 448ff). The commercial register was therefore divided into two main sections, namely a register for sole proprietorships and a register for companies; the latter included all public limited companies (AG), limited partnerships on shares (KGaA) and limited liability companies (GmbH), and in the period in question also limited partnerships (KG) and general partnerships (OHG). Initially, 4 commercial courts in Stuttgart, Heilbronn, Ulm and Reutlingen kept the commercial registers; after the Württemberg judicial reform of 1868, the (higher) district courts were responsible (Reg. Bl. p. 410). Until 1924, the district court district of Stuttgart-Stadt encompassed the area of the Stuttgart city directorate (excluding Cannstatt, Untertürkheim and Wangen). As a result of the administrative and court reform of 1923/24, the district court of Stuttgart-Amt was dissolved (see inventory F 305); the Sprengel was assigned - with the exception of Feuerbach - to the district court of Stuttgart-Stadt (now: Stuttgart I) (Reg. Bl. von 1924, p. 71). After the dissolution of the Stuttgart Higher Administrative Office in 1938, the court district was also adapted to the administrative boundaries; a large part of the towns fell to the Esslingen and Böblingen District Courts. The commercial register files recorded in this repertory were handed over to the State Archives by the Stuttgart District Court in 1984. They span the period from 1865 to 1938 and include not only sole proprietorships, but also all forms of corporate firms. 1986/87 the files were recorded and packaged by the temporary employee Margot Göbel and various students of the company under the supervision of Nikolaus Back. The undersigned revised the title records with regard to computer-assisted data acquisition using the "MIDEREGA" data processing mask from the "MIDOSA" program package of the Baden-Württemberg State Archive Administration. Hildegard Aufderklamm got the fair copy. Ulrike Leuchtweis completed the final corrections and revision of the index. Ludwigsburg, March 1990Dr. Nicole Bickhoff-Böttcher On December 10, 1992, the district court of Stuttgart delivered its commercial register volumes from 1865 to 1937 to the state archives of Ludwigsburg (access 1992/100). The volumes were signed and recorded at the end of 1993 by Hans Jürgen Seifried under the guidance of the undersigned. In the course of this, three volumes (previous signatures F 303 II Bü 529-531) already existing in fonds F 303 II were assigned to the fonds FL 300/31 II (Genossenschaftsregister) under new signatures of the volume series. Ulrike Leuchtweis, January 1994 In the course of the archive-fair repackaging of the files and the retro conversion of the finding aid book 2006-2009 the past collecting fascicles of the existence were dissolved. Each commercial register file received an individual tuft number, so that the old tufts 1-528 were re-signed into the new tufts 1-4484. The old tuft numbers are noted under pre-signature 3. The comparison between the finding aid register and the files showed that some files were not recorded in the finding aid register. These were subsequently recorded as tufts 4485-4501. The number of the last commercial register entry is noted in the file title after the company name (e.g. E 1/148: Volume 1 of the register for individual companies, Sheet 148). According to this number the find book is now also sorted. Vorsignatur 2 names the file number of the local court Ulrike Leuchtweis, September 2009

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon almost doubled the territory of the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810. In 1803 it was elevated to the status of electorate and in 1806 to that of grand duchy. This made it necessary to restructure and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 provincial and 53 municipal offices. The offices of the rank were abolished until 1849 or converted into the offices of the sovereign. The number of district offices in Baden was significantly reduced by mergers and abolitions in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries.Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such were primarily responsible for general state administration and for state supervision of the activities of municipal administrations in their respective districts, but they were also responsible for the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - the judiciary, in particular civil justice. The district office Überlingen belonged to the Seekreis. The administrative reform of 1832 replaced the meanwhile remaining six district directorates as central authorities by the district governments of four districts and assigned the district Überlingen to the Seekreis. In 1864 these four districts were dissolved and the district offices were directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior. At the same time, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as municipal self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, and the district of Überlingen became part of the Constance District. The district offices and district associations were combined into four state commissioner districts for the purpose of handling state administrative supervision. At their head was a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Überlingen was added to the Landeskommissärbezirk Konstanz. 1864 established district federations were abolished in 1939 and the districts were renamed in districts starting from 1 January; their leaders carried already since 1924 the title district administrator. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. During the National Socialist era, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration existed only on paper, since the decision-making powers and powers of decision were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, to whom three to six district councillors merely advised. When the administration was reorganised after the end of the war in 1945, legal supervision of the districts, which continued to perform state functions but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimacy, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regional Council of South Baden as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden. During the district reform in 1973, the district of Überlingen was dissolved and most of the municipalities were assigned to the Lake Constance district, the municipalities of the northern district came to the district of Sigmaringen. The Überlingen district underwent various changes over time, the largest being in 1936 when the Pfullendorf district office was abolished and merged with the Überlingen district. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Überlingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 747/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /8, /9, and /10 b) S 24/1 and /2 c) G 27/2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /16, /17, /18, /19, /21, /22, and /25The holdings listed under a) were first combined to form holdings B 747/1 (new). In the process, foreign provenances with a term ending after 1806 and before 1952 were taken and assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives according to their provenance. The stock B 747/9 was completely integrated into the stock B 729/9 district office Pfullendorf. The holdings B 747/4 and /10 were completely merged into B 747/1 (new).the files from the holdings mentioned under c) with the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Überlingen were incorporated into B 747/1 (new). From all three groups of holdings, files with a term ending before 1806 and after 1952 were separated and handed over to the General State Archive Karlsruhe or to the Archive of the Lake Constance District. The holdings G 27/17, /18, /19 and /25 went completely to the archives of the Lake Constance district. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 were also included in B 747/1 (new). Notes on use:Concordances in the printed version of the finding aid book for B 747/1 (new) show all presignatures of the individual files. The signature last used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new recording is found under Presignature 1 and the signature second to last in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives under Presignature 2. The present holdings were recorded by Edgar Hellwig, Annette Riek, Christina Röhrenbeck, Annika Scheumann and Anja Steeger. Planning, organisation and coordination as well as final correction and final editing of the finding aid were carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 747/1 comprises 10886 fascicles and measures 94 lfd.m.Freiburg, November 2014Annette Riek

Preliminary remark: The Oberschulamt Stuttgart was established by decree of the provisional government of Baden-Württemberg of 07.10.1952 and took over part of the tasks of the dissolved cult ministry of Württemberg-Baden (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1952 No. 12 of 11.10.1952). According to the State Administration Act of 07.11.1955 it is - like the other three secondary school offices - a higher special authority (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1955 No. 22 of 23.11.1955). as the upper school supervisory authority, the Oberschulamt Stuttgart is responsible, among other things, for supervising the schools in the administrative district of Stuttgart, for supervising the heads of schools and teachers, and for supervising the state education offices (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1964 No. 12 of 13.05.1964 and 1973 no. 23 of 30.11.1973). the personal files of teachers at elementary, secondary and special schools recorded here have mostly grown up at the Oberschulamt Stuttgart and were handed over to the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg in 1977. The previous files going back to the year 1903 were created by the respective predecessor authorities (see preliminary remarks to the repertories E 202 and E 203 I). 1978 and 1979 the order and indexing of the holdings EL 204 I was carried out by the temporary employee Anita Hundsdörfer under the direction of the archive inspectors Heinrich Graf and Wolfgang Schneider. The personnel files were sorted alphabetically and numbered consecutively so that, with only a few exceptions, the order of the files at the storage location is identical to the list in the finding aid book. In addition to the usual details, the title list also contains the last position, the last place of employment and the year of retirement or death. The final work was carried out by the undersigned.Ludwigsburg, December 1980Schneider

Preliminary remark: The present repertory essentially concludes the order and recording of the extensive files of the Ministerial Department for the Secondary Schools and its previous authorities (E 202 - E 203 IV), i.e. the files on the Secondary Schools in Württemberg from the foundation of the kingdom 1806 to 1945.While the extensive E 202 stock (1975 repertory) contains the general administrative files of the authorities, the E 203 I - E 203 IV stocks contain the files created by the personnel administration:E 203 I Personnel files of teachers in higher schoolsE 203 II Admission work for the teaching profession in higher schoolsE 203 III Personnel files of administrative officials and employeesE 203 IV Personnel file of teachers in higher schoolsAs Oberstudiendirektion was founded in 1806, renamed Studienrat in 1817 (with extended remit), the authority has since 1903 used the name Ministerialabteilung für die höhere Schulen. It was in charge of the supervision of the Protestant theological seminars, of all schools of scholars, namely the grammar schools, Lyceums and Latin schools, as well as of the educational institutions for trade education (the polytechnic school with the winter building trade school) and of the higher and lower secondary schools. The lower Latin and secondary schools, on the other hand, were directly under the control of the local school authorities and the community high schools. With the exception of the University of Tübingen, the Wilhelmstift and the elementary schools, it supervised all educational institutions, including the scientific and moral education of the pupils, the employment and dismissal of teachers and servants (by order or review), and the supervision of their official duties. She also tested the teacher candidates. The ministerial department was abolished in 1945; its tasks were now performed by the cult ministries in Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern. 1952 saw the establishment of the Oberschulämter as intermediate authorities, some of which were given corresponding responsibilities (for more details on the history of the authorities, see the preface to Repertorium E 202). the far-reaching and very comprehensive responsibility of the ministerial department may reveal the significance of the holdings of personnel files of teachers at secondary schools that were made accessible here. The individual personnel files often document the pedagogical freedom of movement (in)of the teachers as well as the supervision of the superior authority far beyond the personal life and career data. Not a few personalities who initially worked in the school service and whose personnel files are available here later achieved prestige and success in literary, cultural or political life.B. the writers Gustav Schwab and Dr. D.F. Weinland (author of the "Rulaman"), the folk and regional poet Hermann Otto Heuschele, the dignified president Johannes v. Hieber. During the final work of the listing the personnel files of the administrative officials and employees were taken out and spun off as inventory E 203 III. The files were handed over in 1949/1950 by the then Kultministerium Württemberg-Baden and in 1977 by the Oberschulamt Stuttgart.1977/1978 the files were ordered and indexed by the temporary employees Ute Radicke, Ingrid Hermann and Anita Hundsdörfer under the direction of the archive employee Erwin Biemann and the archive inspector, e.g. Heinrich Graf. After the two file deliveries (each comprising the letters A-Z) had been indexed according to numerus currens, they were merged and brought into a uniform alphabetical order. The final work was done by an archive inspector, Heinrich Graf. Ludwigsburg, March 1979Dr. Schmierer

On the history of associations: The beginnings of associations date back to the 18th century. In the 19th century, associations were founded on a grand scale, especially in the cities, where they became an important part of bourgeois culture and self-confidence. This was particularly evident in the pre-March period, when numerous clubs (e.g. also gymnastics clubs) were of political importance, and therefore the clubs appear in official records mainly in the upper offices and district governments that supervised the police. In contrast to other federal states, there was no special association law in Württemberg. The relevant regulations were found in the Criminal and Police Act of 1839. After that, polit. Associations must report their foundation to the responsible regional office and submit their statutes. However, the presentation of the statutes could also be demanded from non-political associations if "the government had cause for well-founded concerns" (Art. 15 Police Criminal Law of 1839, Reg.bl. p. 611). Participation in associations for unlawful political purposes" was punishable by imprisonment (Art. 139, Penal Code of 1839, Reg.bl. p. 101). The first coherent regulation of the association system in Württemberg represented the Bundestag resolution of 1854, which was introduced in 1855 in Württemberg (regulation concerning the regulation of the association system). This meant, however, a tightening of the existing association law, which was however revoked after the death of King William I. again. In Württemberg, there was no longer any legal basis for restrictions on freedom of association, police surveillance of closed societies and coalitions. Official action against associations was only possible in the case of a violation of the general penal laws. An association law was not enacted. The right of association and assembly had been a Reich matter since 1871 (Art. 4 Reichsverfass.). Until the adoption of the Reichsvereinsgesetz on 19.4.1907, however, only a few special areas were regulated by the Reichsgesetz, and the register of associations was introduced together with the BGB on 1.1.1900. However, unions and political parties (not even local associations) are not included in the register of associations; they renounced the status of an association with legal capacity in order not to be subject to numerous restrictions. If an association described itself as "political", it accepted the police law supervisory and intervention norms, e.g. also the Reichsvereinsgesetz of 1907, or exposed itself to a possible objection of the administrative authority (§§ 612, 622 BGB), but if it did not describe itself as "political", the state could withdraw its legal capacity from it as soon as a political decision was taken. This formal legal discrimination, however, did not mean any significant restriction of the right to form a coalition; the trade unions thus renounced the legal form of the registered association even after 1918, although the above-mentioned paragraphs of the BGB were repealed. The district court district of Stuttgart-Stadt encompassed the area of the Stuttgart city directorate until 1924 (excluding Cannstatt, Untertürkheim and Wangen). In the course of the administrative reform of 1923/24, the district court of Stuttgart Amt was dissolved and passed to Stuttgart Stadt (new name: district court of Stuttgart I). The district court of Cannstatt was renamed the district court of Stuttgart II and comprised the Stuttgart districts right of the Neckar river and Feuerbach. The same procedure was followed for later incorporations. However, Zuffenhausen and Stammheim came at their incorporation in 1931 and 1942, respectively, despite their geographical distance to the district court Stuttgart I (today, however, they belong to the district court Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt). Processor's report: The available files were handed over on 2.8.1984 by the district court Stuttgart (Tgb. Nr. 3477/3478) and received first the signature FL 300/31. The association register files were assigned, however, to the F stocks, since they contain entries 1900-1943 and a new counting of the association register begins after 1945 (FL 300/31, entrance 1974).The title recordings were made by the Zeitangestellte Emma Edling and the Werkschülerin Barbara Seiler. 1396 Büschel.Ludwigsburg, October 1986(gez. Back)

Contents and evaluation Preliminary remark By Gisela Scharlau The tax files of Jewish citizens taken over by the Heilbronn tax office in 1999 contain documents on all common types of taxes such as income tax, property tax, trade tax and turnover tax from the period from 1913 to 1943. They also contain correspondence, purchase contracts, documents on tax audits, tax proceedings, etc. Since the persons concerned are exclusively Jewish citizens of Heilbronn who were either able to emigrate or were deported during the Third Reich, the special features are the Reich Flight Tax levied since 1931 on emigration, the Jewish property levy due in 5 instalments in 1938/1939 and other reprisals directed against the Jews such as the delivery of valuables and the compulsory purchase in Jewish old people's homes. In the end, the formerly wealthy people affected were mostly destitute and often still dependent on the support of relatives abroad (the permits of the foreign exchange offices for the payment of the money are enclosed), who had succeeded in emigrating in time. The files also contain the "tax clearance declaration" required for emigration. It was usually valid for 6 months and was extended several times, in many cases it was completely useless and no longer saved the victims from deportation. In addition to police deregistrations with emigration data, the files also contain deportation data. "("The Jew ... was expatriated in the calendar year 1942 and deported from the Reich" or "now in the East".) In addition to files of individuals, the collection contains company files of Jewish companies, most of which had already ceased operations (until 1938). The people mainly come from Heilbronn, but a large part also come from other parts of Württemberg, mainly from Stuttgart. These are mostly elderly people who were forcibly transferred from Stuttgart old people's homes to the Jewish old people's home Eschenau near Heilbronn. Most of the persons concerned were either deported to Riga on 01.12.1941 or to Theresienstadt on 22.08.1942 and, with very few exceptions, murdered. When these files were recorded, an attempt was made to also ascertain the life data of the family members concerned, insofar as these were included in the tax documents. In addition to life data and occupation, the places of residence or company headquarters should also provide information about the fate of the people; a local register should make it easier to find people coming from other places. Additions to the title entry were taken from the three publications listed below and placed in square brackets. The logical additions resulting from the files are in round brackets. A list of abbreviations explains the abbreviations used. The inventory K 26 comprises 170 title records; some files are heavily mouldy. The duration of the tax files begins in 1913 and ends in 1943. All parts of the files created after 1945 relate to reparations proceedings.

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) was above all responsible for the administrative reorganization and modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. The offices of the rank were gradually abolished, the last in 1849, after the final renunciation of their sovereign rights by the rank masters. In the case of the provincial district offices and upper offices, mergers and dissolutions within the framework of organisational changes led to a reduction in the total number of administrative structures in 1936/1938 from originally 66 to 27 after the changes ordered in the administrative structures during the National Socialist era. Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to carry out tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As subauthorities, district offices were subordinated to the district directorates as medium instances - the district office Constance, created in 1809, was first subordinated to the directorate of the Seekreis with its seat in Constance. The organisational reform of 1832 enlarged the scope of these funds and replaced the originally ten district directorates, with the exception of the Seekreis, which was named after rivers, with four district governments: Government of the Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis. The Constance district office was now under the control of the Seekreis government. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats, namely Konstanz, Freiburg, Karlsruhe and Mannheim, each of which was headed by a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the ministry. The Constance District Office was assigned to the Sprengel of the Constance State Commissariat. In 1864, the Grand Duchy of Baden was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state tasks, retaining the district offices and state commissionariats as state administrative authorities. The Konstanz district association, based in Konstanz, comprised the state administrative districts of Engen, Konstanz, Meßkirch, Pfullendorf, Radolfzell (abolished in 1872), Stockach and Überlingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. The Executive Board of the Constance District Office was also the District Governor of the Constance District Association. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The Kreisverband Konstanz is thus the actual "ancestor" of the Landkreis Konstanz as a local self-governing body. 1924 the name of the executive committee of the district had already been changed to Landrat. By the county regulation of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established county federations were abolished and replaced by counties. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. The area and authority of the new administrative district of Constance as a municipal self-governing body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. Following the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regierungspräsidium Südbaden as the central authority for the administrative district of Südbaden - the Regierungspräsidium or Regierungsbezirk Freiburg since the administrative reform of 1971. The district and later Landratsamt Konstanz was repeatedly changed from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952. Particularly noteworthy here is the increase due to the abolition of the Radolfzell district office in 1872, whose municipalities were all assigned to the Constance administrative district. Another increase for the administrative district (since 1939 administrative district) Konstanz brought the abolition of the district office Engen in the course of the law over the new division of the internal administration from 30 June 1936 in the course of the, whose official municipalities were distributed on the sprinkles of the district and/or district offices Konstanz, Donaueschingen and Stockach. Further changes in the district of Constance as a result of the Baden-Württemberg district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, lie outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Constance District Office/Landratsamt were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 715/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /15, /16, /17, /18, /19, /20, /21, B 730a/1b) E 24/1c) G 15/1, /2, /3, /4d) W 499/1e) S 51/1The stocks mentioned under a) and e) were first combined to form stock B 715/1 (new). Foreign provenances in these holdings were taken and either assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives in accordance with their provenance or handed over to the Karlsruhe General State Archives for reasons of competence. in a second step, the holdings of the Constance District Office, which had been formed from files delivered by the Constance District Office under b), were integrated into holdings B 715/1 (new). Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Konstanz with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of written documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 were also included in B 715/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Konstanz" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg during the mutual equalization of holdings, were also included. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by Solveig Adolph, David Boomers, Anja Fischer, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 715/1 now comprises 6347 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 72.00 lfd.m.Freiburg, May 2010 Edgar Hellwig

1. on the administrative history of the Württemberg upper offices: 1. the upper offices in their context (constitutional structure, "Staatsverein"): the administrative structure, which was created at the beginning of the 19th century for the double territory of the kingdom of Württemberg compared to the duchy, remained in place with minor changes until 1938, partly even beyond that. During this period, the Land was divided into 63 senior offices plus the Stuttgart City Council (1). The average area of an upper administrative district was around 1822 5.7 square miles = 316 square kilometres, the average number of inhabitants 20,700 (1926 : 41,604), whereby in the course of time a considerable imbalance resulted (the number of inhabitants per upper administrative district varied 1926 between 18,000 and 341,000). The four district governments, which replaced the twelve bailiwicks established in 1806 (2) in 1817, were the intermediate authorities between the individual upper offices and the ministerial level. The Württemberg constitution in force from 1819 to 1919 (3) was based on the municipalities as the "basis of the state association" (4). The higher offices had the task of bringing the administrative matters directly affecting the individual citizens, which the municipalities dealt with largely on their own responsibility, into the state administration. The problem of the greatest possible integration of all those affected by administrative measures arose for the higher offices as well as the problem of a uniform implementation of domestic government measures. The upper offices were also the constituencies for the elections to the Chamber of Deputies (5). 2. functionariesThe Ministry of the Interior delegated the responsibility for the higher office administrations to one senior official each, since the 1830s as a rule a lawyer with a university degree. As a civil servant, he was responsible for all administrative matters which were not the responsibility of the judicial (6) or fiscal (7) authorities, he was in charge of the police and (in the case of infringements) the penal authorities and he supervised the local authorities. As administrative civil servants, he was subordinate to a senior secretary and (since the second half of the 19th century) a bailiff as deputy. In addition to this administration, there was the official assembly as a body with coordination and integration functions. In it the individual municipalities of an Oberamtsbezirk were combined as an official body. The number of deputies each municipality provided depended on its share of the public burdens to be borne jointly, the "official damage". As an upper limit, a municipality was allowed to provide a maximum of one third (8) of the members of the official assembly, while small municipalities sent a joint representative. The Official Assembly met twice a year. In order to maintain its presence, it elects from among its members an executive committee, an actuary (who was at the same time an assistant to the Oberamts auditor) and appointed the Oberamtspfleger (9) as well as the other officials of the administrative body (10) as responsible for cash and accounting.Thus, according to constitutionalist theory, the responsibility for continuous, active administrative work lay with government officials, while financial regulation and control functions were carried out by a body that brought together those affected by administrative measures and those who financed them. Approaches that went beyond a representative system based purely on control and finance were not evident in the administrative sector, but rather in the area of social tasks and services, where officials of the official corporation were active. 3. limits of the uniform district organisation. It was not possible from the outset for all administrative functions to have an organisation in which (as in the case of the internal and judicial administrations) (11) the administrative districts corresponded to the regional districts. In the case of the deanery offices of the two large churches, it is clear from the regional distribution of the denomination that a district administration was not established for each upper office; nevertheless, as far as practicable, deanery and upper office boundaries were often identical. Where there were practical reasons to do so, the forestry, camera, customs and building inspectorates also had jurisdictional districts which deviated from the upper administrative districts. The decisive disruptive factor for a uniform administrative organisation at district level, the patrimonial jurisdiction of the class lord restored after 1819 by the Federal Act, was eliminated in 1849. The same applies to the special rights of independent royal and noble estates which before 1849 had not been incorporated into the municipal associations and thus not into the district administration. 4. individual important changes in the supreme official organisation1842: Due to excessive distances from the head office or other economic and traffic conditions, individual municipalities are reassigned in 31 head offices (Reg.Bl. 1842, p. 386 - 389).1850 ff: The regionally different development of the country leads to a considerable imbalance between individual districts in the course of time despite the original balance. Changes to individual divisions (e.g. dissolution of the Cannstatt regional office in 1923; dissolution of the Weinsberg regional office in 1926) do not eliminate these differences.1906: The Amtsversammlungs-Ausschuss is given the name Bezirksrat (district council) and is also consulted on the business of state administration. The Official Assembly may set up committees to monitor individual institutions and facilities of the official body. The actuary shall be replaced by a secretary elected for 3 years by the Assembly. 1933: Re-establishment of an official corporation, which is limited to an advisory function and is given the name Kreisverband. The district administrator is appointed the "leader" of the district administration. The terms Kreis (for Oberamt), Kreistag (for Amtsversammlung) and Kreisrat (for Bezirksrat) are introduced. The district council consists of the district administrator as chairman, the district leader of the NSDAP and five other members appointed by the district administrator in agreement with the district leader (Reg. Bl. 1938, pp. 51 - 72, 82, 139, 189).1938: 27 district associations are dissolved and affiliated to the remaining 34 (for the regulations and distribution of the individual municipalities see Reg. Bl. 1938, pp. 155 - 162). The city management district of Stuttgart will continue to exist as a city district. The cities of Ulm and Heilbronn (with Neckargartach and Sontheim) become town districts. Mögle-Hofacker 2. The history of the Backnang upper office: Up to the reorganization of the administration at the beginning of the 19th century, the city of Mögle-Hofacker was a part of the city. At the end of the 19th century, the area of the Backnang upper office consisted of the following parts (12): town and office Backnang (town, Reichenberger office, Ebersberger office), Murrhardt monastery office, individual parts from old Württemberg offices (Marbach office, Weinsberger office - Böhringsweiler lower office), Löwensteinsiche and storm feather possessions (Württemberg fiefdom) as well as possessions of the Schöntal monastery.From 1806 the upper office Backnang was first assigned to the district Heilbronn, belonged after the division of the dukedom into bailiwicks in 1810 to the bailiwick at the lower Necker and was subordinate since 1817 to the district government of the Neckar circle. The composition of the municipalities of the Oberamtbezirk listed below essentially lasted until the National Socialist administrative reform of 1938. As a result of the new district division decreed on 1 October 1938, the Backnang district became the legal successor of the Backnang district (Oberamt). With the exception of Neufürstenhütte, the former communities remained in the Backnang district. Further communities were assigned to him from the following (now dissolved) districts or upper offices: District Gaildorf: Gaildorf, Altersberg, Eutendorf, Fichtenberg, Frickenhofen, Gschwendt, Hausen an der Roth, Laufen am Kocher, Oberrot, Ottendorf, Sulzbach am Kocher and Unterrot.District (Oberamt) Marbach: Affalterbach, Allmersbach am Weinberg, Burgstall, Erbstetten, Kirchberg an der Murr, Kleinaspach, Nassach, Rielingshausen, and Weiler zum Stein.district (Oberamt) Welzheim: Kirchenkirnberg.on January 1, 1973 the district Backnang was finally dissolved. The legal successor became the Rems-Murr-Kreis. 3. statistical data and list of municipalities: Area : 283.44 sqkminhabitants: 31,944municipalities: 30 (2 towns, 28 municipalities)markings: 119places: 1991. Backnang with Mittelschöntal, Oberschöntal, Rötleshof, Sachsenweiler, Staigacker, Stiftsgrundhof, Ungeheuerhof and Unterschöntal2. Allmersbach3. Althütte with Kallenberg, Lutzenberg, Schöllhütte and Voggenhof4. Fracture5. Cottenweiler6. Ebersberg7. Fornsbach with Harnersberg, Hinterwestermurr, Mettelberg and Schlosshof8. Grave-with Frankenweiler, Mannenweiler, Morbach, Schönbronn, Schöntalhöfle and Trauzenbach9. Großaspach with Füstenhof10. Großerlach with Liemersbach, Mittelfischbach, Oberfischbach and Unterfischbach11. Heiningen 12. Heutensbach13. Jux14. Lippoldsweiler with Däfern and Hohnweiler15. Maubach16. Murrhardt with Harbach, Hausen, Hinterbüchelberg, Hintermurrhärle, Hördthof, Hoffeld, Käsbach, Karnsberg, Kieselhof, Klingen, Köchersberg, Sauerhöfle, Schwammhof, Siebenknie, Siegelsberg, Steinberg, Streitweiler, Vordermurrhärle and Waltersberg17. Neufürsten hut18. Oberbrüden with Heslachhof, Mittelbrüden, Rottmannsberg, Tiefental and Trailhof19. Oberweissach with Kammerhof and Wattenweiler20. Oppenweiler 21st Reichenberg with Aichelbach, Bernhalden, Dauernberg, Ellenweiler, Reichenbach an der Murr, Reutenhof, Schiffrain and Zell22. Rietenau23. Sechselberg with Fautsbach, Hörschhof, Schlichenweiler and Waldenweiler24. Spiegelberg with Großhöchberg, Roßstaig and Vorderbüchelberg25. Steinbach26, Strümpfelbach with Katharinenhof27, Sulzbach an der Murr with Bartenbach, Berwinkel, Eschelhof, Eschenstruet, Ittenberg, Kleinhöchberg, Lautern, Liemannsklinge, Schleißweiler, Siebersbach and Zwerenberg28. Lower vapors29. Unterweissach with Mitteldresselhof, Oberdresselhof and Unterdresselhof30. Waldrems with HorbachQuelle: Staatshandbuch für Württemberg. Village directory. Published by the Württemberg State Statistical Office. Stuttgart 1936, pp. 12-18. 4. History of registries and holdings: The holdings F 152 III, which were newly catalogued from July to December 2004, consist of three parts: On the one hand, these are files that were delivered to the Ludwigsburg State Archives by the Backnang branch of the Waiblingen State Health Department in 1976 as part of a larger file delivery and assigned to the Oberamtsbestand (1 m; Bü 1-30). The second and largest part of the collection consists of documents that the District Office of the Rems-Murr District submitted in 1974 and 1975 at the insistence of the State Archives Administration (13.3 mf. m; Bü 31-391 and Bü 393-446)(13) A large part of these files, for which so far no finding aid was available, had been torn from their context of origin by self-proclaimed "district archivists" in the district offices Backnang and Waiblingen. In the Backnang District Office local and material pertinences had been formed which could not be returned continuously to the original order of the records and which were recorded in the last classification point as "local pertinences". In addition, the structure of the entire portfolio is based on the Flattich file plan, which also contained documents with the following third-party provenances that were segregated in the course of the registration work: Oberamtspflege Backnang: Invoice receipts, sorted by property and local pertinence (6.5 m), were assigned to F 717. Oberamt Gaildorf: Property files; partly sorted by municipalities (4 m), will in future form F 166 IV. Oberamt Marbach: Property files; partly sorted according to municipalities (4 m), were included in the inventory F 182 III. Oberamt Welzheim: Property files concerning the parish of Kirchenkirnberg (0.3 m running) form the inventory F 214 III.the files of the district office Backnang (0.4 m running) were included in the inventory FL 20/2 I.the third part of the inventory F 152 III originates from the inventory FL 20/2 I district office Backnang (10.2 m running; Bü 392 and Bü 447-935). These files, which had subsequently been arranged in the registry of the District Office according to the Flattich file plan, had previously only been indexed by a delivery list with file plan numbers and associated package numbers. This information can be found in the present finding aid book as a presignature. In the course of the revision of the inventory FL 20/2 I, documents of the provenances Oberamt Gaildorf (9 linear metres), Oberamt Marbach (1.5 linear metres) and Oberamt Welzheim (0.3 linear metres) were also sorted out and assigned to the respective inventories listed above (F 166 IV, F 182 III and F 214 III).In terms of content, the holdings excellently illustrate the diverse tasks of the Backnang Oberamt in large parts and thus supplement the previous Oberamt tradition, which the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg holds in the holdings F 152 I, F 152 II (volumes) and F 152 IV (construction files). Also in the inventory FL 20/2 I Landratsamt Backnang there are - especially from the transitional period of the 1930s and 1940s - files that were created in the Oberamt. Further documents of the Oberamt Backnang can be found in the district archive of the Rems-Murr-Kreis in Waiblingen (fonds A1: Oberamt Backnang). Stock F 152 III comprises 935 units of registration, 24.5 metres of shelving. It contains documents with pre- and post-files from the period from 1701 to 1973, with the emphasis of the tradition on the period from the second half of the 19th to the first third of the 20th century. The files with the order signatures Bü 660, Bü 661, Bü 711 and Bü 719 are still subject to the personal blocking periods according to § 6 para. 2 of the Landesarchivgesetz.Ludwigsburg, December 2004Dr. Matthias Röschner NachtragF 152 III Bü 936-976 were spun off there in 2011 by Dorothea Bader in the course of the indexing of fonds F 166 IV and reassigned to the present fonds according to their provenance. Footnotes: (1) 63 of the 65 districts of the Oberamtsbezirk of 1808 remained after 1819: In 1819 the districts Ulm and Albeck had been joined to the Oberamtsbezirk Ulm. In 1811 the intermediate instance (at that time bailiwick bailiwicks), which had been generally inserted for the upper offices, was no longer applicable to the ministerial level of the Stuttgart city administration district. When in 1822 the city directorate of Stuttgart was again aligned with the higher offices, it was nevertheless no longer listed as a higher office, but always independently.(2) The first bailiwicks had been introduced in 1803 for Neuwürttemberg. The district governments existed until 1924.(3) See A.E. Adam. A century of Württemberg constitution, 1919.(4) Constitutional document § 62; Regierungsblatt of 1819, p. 645.(5) The deputies of the Second Chamber, who had not been sent out as representatives of specific interests (knighthood, representatives of both large churches, chancellors of the universities, guided tours), were each elected in the 63 upper offices and the 7 "good cities" (Stuttgart, Tübingen, Ludwigsburg, Ellwangen, Ulm, Heilbronn, Reutlingen).(6) The higher administrative courts established for each higher office in 1811 originally met under the chairmanship of the higher official. Since 1819 (edict about the Oberamtsverammlungen of 31.12.1818) they were independent. The separation of the judiciary and administration was thus completed at district level; the chief magistrate was confronted by the chief magistrate.(7) Property and income of the state were administered by the camera offices (omanial, construction, forestry administration). In the course of the 19th century, they finally developed into district coffers or district tax offices. In 1895 the alignment of the camera office districts with the upper office districts was completed.(8) From 1881 two fifths; cf. Grube, Vogteien, Ämter, Landkreise in der Geschichte Südwestdeutschland, 3rd edition 1975.(9) The senior official nurse received a seat and advisory vote in the official meeting, but was not allowed to be the municipal computer of the senior official city at the same time.(10) Above all, the official doctor, senior official veterinarian, senior official master builder, senior official street builder. (11) Each district court was responsible for one district of the Oberamt.(12) For the history of the authorities of the Oberamt see the preface by Walter Wannenwetsch in the Findbuch des Rems-Murr-Kreisarchivs für den Bestand A1 Oberamt Backnang 1806 - 1938. Edited by Renate Winkelbach and Walter Wannenwetsch. mschr. Waiblingen 1997.(13) Cf. StAL, fonds EL 18, Bü 594: Files discarded at the District Office Backnang as well as the files of the State Archives Ludwigsburg E III 12/19: Files discarded at the District Office Waiblingen

The County of Limpurg, which had previously been independent of the Reich, came to Württemberg in 1806 with its lines Limpurg-Gaildorf and Limpurg-Sontheim. Gaildorf became the seat of a high office. As a result of the administrative reform decreed on 1 October 1938, the district of Backnang became the legal successor of the district (Oberamts) of Gaildorf. With the district reform, the Backnang district was dissolved on 1 January 1973 and united with the Waiblingen district to form the Rems-Murr district. The files of the Oberamt Gaildorf originate from a delivery of the Landratsamt des Rems-Murr-Kreises, branch office Backnang, which took place in 1974. During the revision of this delivery in October 2004, the files of the Oberamts Gaildorf were segregated and a new F 166 IV inventory was created, which now comprises the administrative files of the Oberamts Gaildorf as a supplement to the F 166 I inventory. The files, which until then had only been recorded roughly, were in a completely disordered state, so that a new distortion was necessary. Dr. Matthias Röschner began in 2004 with the signing of Bü 1-60, which was continued by the undersigned in 2010 and completed in 2011.