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The pictures allow the assumption that they come from Togo from the field of activity of the government doctor Schmidt (> 8/3 631).8 x 10 / S-W / glass plate slideOne of the pictures has a large crack.

9 x 13 / S-W / glass plate negativeThe pictures are the negatives of those made by the government doctor Schmidt in Togo (>8/3 635 to 8/3 642), his title "government doctor" and the term "Reichsgesundheit", which Dr. Steudel (?) noted on the margin of one of the pictures, suggest racial hygiene studies in the course of colonial policy.

Preliminary remark: The newly formed inventory FL 300/36 II Local Court Wailblingen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains documents on register jurisdiction from the deliveries of the district court Waiblingen 2008/77 (association and cooperative register files, lists of cooperatives), 2009/46 (register volumes), 2009/96 (register volumes), 2009/126 (a sign register file) as well as from the delivery of the central register court Stuttgart 2009/122 (9 volumes on the cooperative register, 5 cooperative and 4 commercial register files of the provenance district court Waiblingen). In addition, all commercial, cooperative and association register files were removed from the existing F 311 (access 1992/69 packages 1-6) and FL 300/36 I (total access 2001/55) holdings and incorporated here. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists) to the trade, cooperative and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between individual companies (designation "E") and corporate companies (designation "G"). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The trade register volumes were rewritten around 1965 in card form. Since 2006, the Stuttgart registry court has been responsible for maintaining the commercial and cooperative register of the Waiblingen district district court. Only the register of associations is still kept by the district court Waiblingen. For the Waiblingen Register of Associations, both the register volumes (with indexes of names) and selected files are available. The register volumes were also archived for the register of cooperatives (with lists of names), and selected files and lists of cooperatives were also taken over. As special archiving a character register file was taken over. The low register numbers were assigned twice to some companies, associations and cooperatives by the district court. Note on use: For register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the clearly visible special files ("special volumes") are freely accessible.The title recordings for the files were made in 2009 by Ms Marisel de la Vega, the induction of the access in 2008/77 was done by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski in summer 2010 under the direction of the undersigned, who also took care of the recording of the volumes and the final work.Ludwigsburg, October 1010Ute Bitz Supplement 1: Ms Beate Vojtek processed in November 2011 the previously unexcavated register files extracted from inventory F 311 (access 1992/69 packages 1-6). The inventory FL 300/36 II district court Waiblingen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains the tufts 1-409 and the volumes 1-30. Supplement 2: With access 2015/143 the model register volumes I-III as well as evaluated association register files arrived, which were registered by Dorte Grimmer in December 2015. Bü 410-454 and vol. 31-33 were added to the collection.

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/12 IV Local Court Göppingen: The Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed as part of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the Local Court holdings, which was started in 2008, in order to create pure register holdings. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the districts of Göppingen and Geislingen, which on the one hand consist of the existing holdings F 270 III (access 26.01.1984 Bü 1-222 and access 11.03.1985 Bund 314-319), FL 300/11 (access 26.01.1984 P 117, 120) and FL 300/12 III (access 26.01.1984 P 117, 120).1984 Bü 2-805, Zugang 11.03.1985 Bund 320-328, Zugang 30.11.1988 Bund 34-38, Zugänge 1995/044, 1999/070, 1999/099) were spun off, in addition, the files on the register system in the two district court districts of Göppingen and Geislingen received with the accesses 2005/063 and 2011/102 were incorporated here. Since the end of the 1960s, the district court of Göppingen has also been responsible for keeping the commercial and cooperative register of the Geislingen court district. For this reason, the Geislingen register files received by the district court of Göppingen, which were continued by the district court of Göppingen after the merger, were not separated but left here. The older register files closed before 1970 and the register volumes of the Geislingen Local Court, on the other hand, were assigned to inventory FL 300/11 II. The volumes to the trade, cooperative and association register Göppingen came only with entrance 2011/102 to the state archives. Since 01.01.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the trade and cooperative register. Both the district court Göppingen as well as the district court Geislingen keep at the moment only the register of associations. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:The register documents are subject to a 30-year period of blocking for the main files, while the special files clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.the indexing works were carried out in summer 2010 by Ms Elvira Grammer, in spring 2011 by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski and in autumn 2011 by Ms Beate Vojtek under the direction of the undersigned. The collection currently comprises volumes Bd 1-123 and the files Bü 1-163 and 247-1976 Ludwigsburg, in January 2012Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/16 III Amtsgericht Künzelsau: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister (Local Court Künzelsau: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register) was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the inventories of the Local Court to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the district court Künzelsau, which on the one hand were spun off from the already existing stock F 277 (access 1969 bundles 233-237, 357-372), on the other hand the 7 volumes on the register system in the district court Künzelsau, which arrived with access 2006/74 from the district court Schwäbisch Hall, were incorporated here. With access 2009/122 of the central register court Stuttgart 8 commercial register files HRA arrived, which were closed long ago by the district court Künzelsau and were likewise assigned to the existence. since 1.1.2007 the central register court Stuttgart is responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. The district court Künzelsau today only keeps the register of associations. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the commercial register were rewritten in map form around 1965. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The development works were carried out in November 2010 by Andrea Jaraszewski and in May 2011 by Daniel Sabolic under the guidance of the undersigned, who also took care of the final works. The holdings FL 300/16 III Local Court Künzelsau: Commercial, cooperative and association register comprises 192 files and 7 volumes Ludwigsburg, June 2011Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The newly formed inventory FL 300/1 II Local Court Aalen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains documents on register jurisdiction from deliveries made by the Aalen Local Court on 17.03.2006/25, 21.03.2006/27, 06.04.2006/40, 05.05.2006/51. In addition, the previous bundle numbers 45-75 were incorporated from the existing inventory FL 300/1 I Aalen Local Court. The documents in the commercial register comprise files and volumes from several chronological layers. Initially, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E/HRE) and corporate proprietorships (designation G/HRG); later, the current terms HRA (sole proprietorships and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) were introduced. While only volumes have been archived on the register of cooperatives so far, only files are available on the register of associations. The special archiving of model register files was added to the holdings.Note for use:Register documents are subject to a 30-year blocking period for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in 2008, the title recordings for the files were made by Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, the archivist, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/1 II Local Court Aalen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains 412 files and 23 volumes. Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011-05, Aalen District Court received 9 volumes of associations and model registers, which were incorporated into the inventory by Andrea Jaraszewski.January 2011 Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/4 II District Court Besigheim: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the District Court inventory started in 2008 in order to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the registration jurisdiction of the district court Besigheim, which on the one hand were separated from the already existing stock FL 300/4 (accesses 1983, 1984, 1985), on the other hand the files, volumes and index cards to the register of associations, which arrived with access 2007/40, were incorporated. Around 1970, the commercial and cooperative registers for the district court district of Besigheim were transferred to the district court of Heilbronn. From there, the register for the districts of Besigheim and Marbach was transferred to the district court of Vaihingen/Enz in 1995. Since 01.01.2007, the Central Register Court Stuttgart has been responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. The district court Besigheim at the time of the indexing only keeps the register of associations. For the use of commercial and cooperative register documents is additionally stock FL 300/14 II district court Heilbronn: commercial, cooperative, association register to be consulted. The volumes on the commercial and cooperative register for the district court district of Besigheim, which will be kept by the Heilbronn District Court until 2011, are also included here. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in autumn 2010, the indexing work was carried out by Mrs. Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned, who also carried out the final work. The holdings FL 300/4 II Amtsgericht Besigheim: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister comprises the files Bü 1-601 (the Bü 87-105 are not occupied for the time being) and the volumes Bd 1-22.Ludwigsburg, in March 2011Ute Bitz

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/9 II Local Court Ellwangen: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains, on the one hand, the files previously held in inventory FL 300/9 I as Bü 39-45 (access 19.10.1985), which were reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the local court inventories for the creation of pure register inventories begun in 2008, and, on the other hand, the volumes on the register system in the local court district of Ellwangen received as access 2006/31, 2006/37 and 2006/43. Since the jurisdiction of the Ellwangen court district - as well as that of the Neresheim district court (see file FL 300/23) - for register matters was transferred to the Aalen district court, the levies were levied via the Aalen district court. In the Commercial Register, the existing files were kept as usual as HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations), while in the volumes there is also an older stratum in which a distinction was made between E/HRE (sole traders) and G/HRG (corporations). The holdings contain only volumes for the register of cooperatives and only files for the register of associations. The title records for the files were made in 2008 by Mrs. Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, head of the archive office, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/9 II Local Court Ellwangen: Ludwigsburg, in March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011/5 on 25.01.2011, 3 sample and sign registers were received from the Local Court of Aalen on 25.01.2011, which were incorporated here by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski. Subsequently, the same added to the register of associations and cooperatives files from the additions to the Ellwangen Local Court 2008/2 and 2010/63.January 2011 and September 2012Ute Bitz

1. important note: This find book is hopefully a preliminary aid for orientation in the stock. The title recordings were made directly during the recording and evaluation of the documents in the Natural History Museum so that the documents could at least be provisionally indexed and transferred to the State Archives for use. This of course meant that only a superficial development could be carried out. 120 units are in the portfolio. 2nd History of the Natural History Museum: The Staatliche Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart has its origins in the ducal Kunstkammer. In 1791 an independent "Naturalien-Kabinett" was separated from this, which was responsible for the collection of minerals, plants and animals. In 1827 the Natural History Cabinet received a new building in Stuttgart's Neckarstraße, which it used together with the State Archives. The files contained in the collection bear witness to the not unproblematic proximity of two cultural institutions, which obviously worked against each other to assert their mostly scarce means. The building was rebuilt several times, in the 1860s by extending the wings towards Archivstraße. In 1944, the building was destroyed by the Natural History Museum and the State Archives; the natural history collections were then stored in Rosenstein Castle. In 1900 the Natural History Cabinet was given the modern name Natural History Collection, which was used until 1950. Since 1950 it has been the State Museum of Natural History, and in 1817 the Natural History Cabinet was placed under the authority of a newly established supreme authority, the Royal Directorate of Scientific Collections. This stood above the public library, the collection of coins, medals, art and antiquities and the collection of natural objects. On April 1, 1919, the Directorate of the Scientific Collections was abolished, the Natural History Collection as well as the State Library directly subordinated to the Ministry of Culture, and it was assumed that the tradition of the Directorate of the Scientific Collections had been largely destroyed in the Second World War together with that of the Ministry of Culture (see also below under 5.). Fortunately, among the documents of the Natural History Museum, there were numerous files from the Directorate of Scientific Collections. 3. content and order of the holdings: the documents provide information on the development of a princely collection of precious objects into a scientific enterprise and a museum that is becoming more and more accessible to the public. In this context, the general administrative acts presented here particularly reflected the practical affairs of the company: time and again, the securing and construction of premises, the procurement of the necessary furniture and personnel issues are at stake. In view of the disturbed situation of tradition in the Ministry of Culture, the documents of the Natural History Museum and the Directorate offered for separation were taken over completely up to and including 1945, provided that they were not completely meaningless redundancies with regard to content. In addition, there had also been assignments of documents and processes of the museum to the files of the directorate (and vice versa) in the Natural History Museum. A technically correct separation of the provenances could only be achieved here through individual analyses. For this reason, it was decided at the moment not to divide the holdings into a "Directorate of Scientific Collections" and a "Natural History Collection/Museum". Even a separation into an old collection until 1945 and a newer collection for the State Museum of Natural History after 1945 would not be possible and meaningful without detailed analyses. Such files, which clearly originated with the Directorate (identifiable by the file number, among other things) and were closed at the time of their existence, were assigned to the classification group "1st Directorate" with the final provenance "Directorate". Otherwise, it was occasionally necessary to decide according to the main focus of the file or to assign the file unit to the point "5. files (provenance not yet clarified)" until the situation was clarified; this was particularly often the case for files with a very long duration. Otherwise, the classification follows a chronological principle; in view of the small volume of the documents, it seemed reasonable to refrain at least for the time being from a factual subdivision. The Directorate in particular obviously followed a stringent file plan, which could not, however, be found. In the natural history collection, the file number apparently played a subordinate role, and the collection is expected to grow further in the coming years. 4. terms of use: Individual file units are still subject to protection and blocking periods according to the Landesarchivgesetz. 5. reference to other documents: Accounting documents of the Directorate of the Scientific Collections are in the inventory E 226/230 of the State Archives Ludwigsburg. it is to be assumed that also older documents remained in the Natural History Museum, where they are partly still needed. 6. literature: Dehlinger, Alfred: Württembergs Staatswesen in its historical development until today. Vol. 1 and 2, Stuttgart 1951 and 1953, § 250 and § 270 Cf. also the introduction to the holdings E 226/230 Ludwigsburg, February 2, 2004 Dr. Elke Koch

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/13 II District Court Heidenheim: Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed within the framework of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the District Court inventory started in 2008 to create pure register inventories. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the District Court District Heidenheim, which on the one hand were spun off from the already existing holdings F 272 Bü 254-644 (access 19.05.1976) and FL 300/13 Additions 1978-1990, 1996/41, 1997/79, 1999/26, 2002/69, on the other hand the volumes and files on the register system in the District Court District Heidenheim received as Access 2006/1 and 2006/100 were incorporated here. The district court of Heidenheim still keeps the register of associations itself. Since 1.1.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the trade and cooperative register. To the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the trade, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The volumes normally available at the local courts are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965.note for use:In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible.in the winter of 2010/2011, the indexing work was carried out by Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned, who also carried out the final work. The inventory FL 300/13 II Local Court Heidenheim: Commercial, cooperative, association register comprises 886 files and 16 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2011Ute Bitz

History of the authorities: The former Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau, since 2006 a branch of the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg, was founded in 1917 by the Badische Landwirtschaftskammer (Baden Chamber of Agriculture) as an experimental and teaching material. In 1927 the Tobacco Research Institute was renamed and established. In 1936 the sponsorship changed to the German Reich. The institute now received the name Reichsanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 1945, the institution was integrated into the Baden district under the new name of Tabakforschungsinstitut (Tobacco Research Institute), and in 1952 it was reinstated under the auspices of the newly founded state of Baden-Württemberg. In 1953, the company again changed to the Federal Government under the name of Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung (Federal Institute for Tobacco Research). In 1970 it was reintegrated into the state of Baden-Württemberg under the name Landesanstalt für Tabakbau und Tabakforschung. In 1972 he took over tasks in the field of general plant cultivation. In 1979, the Donaueschingen Seed Institute (investigations and research in the field of potato cultivation) was integrated into the company and operated together under the new name Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau und Tabakforschung (State Institute for Plant Production and Tobacco Research), renamed Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau in 1985. On 1.1.2007, the Landesanstalt für Pflanzenbau was integrated into the Agricultural Technology Centre Augustenberg and has since been run as a branch office in Forchheim. The documents of the Landesanstalt came to the General State Archives in Karlsruhe in 1993 and 2007 and mainly comprise documents from the time as a tobacco research institute as well as the Reichs- und Bundesanstalt für Tabakforschung. In 2007, the extensive tobacco collection of the institution was also transferred to the General State Archive Karlsruhe and shown as holdings 576-1.signed. Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(December 2009)

Preliminary remark: The stock FL 300/2 III Amtsgericht Backnang: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister contains files from deliveries of the years 1988 and 1989, as well as the previous Bü 1-7, which were separated from stock F 252 II /Zugang 1968. The volumes have arrived as access 30.01.2007/17. To the individual register types:The stock contains files, volumes and other documents to the commercial register. The files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to today's usual distinction. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. Initially, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships and partnership companies. In some dishes these have been marked with the letters E or HRE and G or HRG. Since this was not customary at the Backnang Local Court, the designations in the classification were placed in brackets, (E) and (G). The younger class bears the usual designations HRA and HRB. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The records on the register of cooperatives and associations also contain files and volumes. Double numbers occurring in GnR files resulted from subsequent transfers within the authority. As special archiving a character register tape was taken over. The title recordings for the files were made in 2009 by Mrs. Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, Head of the Archive Office, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/2 III Local Court Backnang: Commercial, cooperative and association register contains 333 files and 21 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina Schneider

Preliminary remark: The inventory contains documents from all areas of the State Forestry Administration. The administration of the forestry office is well documented, as is the administration of the state forest. The management of the corporate forest has been handed down through documents on the municipal forests of Altlussheim, Heidelberg, Hockenheim, Käfertal (Mannheim-), Ladenburg, Mosbach, Neckarau, Neulussheim, Oftersheim, Otterstadt, Plankstadt, Schwetzingen, Seckenheim and Speyer as well as the hub forest of Altlussheim. Some few documents are available for the management of the Wehrmacht forest Schwetzingen. Some documents are dedicated to the management of the private forest. The stock 392 Schwetzingen was newly created with documents from the stocks 392 access 1988-33, 392 access 1990-30, 392 access 2003-36, 392 access 2004-27, 392 access 2004-40, 392 access 2004-55, 392 access 2004-56, 392 access 2004-59, 392 access 2004-90, 392 access 2005-140, 392 access 2007-59 and 442 access 2004-103.Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen(August 2010)

History of authorities and traditions: On the basis of the social legislation of the Reich, an "Insurance Institution for Invalidity and Old Age Insurance" was founded in Karlsruhe on 2 June 1890 for the Grand Duchy of Baden, which shortly afterwards received the name "Landesversicherungsanstalt Baden". Until its move to the Beiertheimer Feld, it had its headquarters in the specially erected administrative building Kaiserallee 8 (today owned by the city administration). With up to 8 of its own sanatoriums and supervision of the insurance offices (at the district offices) and higher insurance offices (Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim), the LVA became one of the most important control and monitoring bodies in the field of medical care and social insurance. During the 2nd World War the LVA was also responsible for occupied Alsace. On 1 January 2005, it was merged with the LVA Württemberg to form the LVA Baden-Württemberg with its registered office in Karlsruhe. The former Landesversicherungsamt Baden, which had already been established in 1888 as an appeal authority for controversial health insurance issues and was dissolved in 1936, is to be distinguished from the Landesversicherungsanstalt; the competences were transferred to the higher insurance offices and the social courts respectively. In the General State Archives, however, the files of these two different provenances were given the common stock signature 462. The files of the Landesversicherungsamt therefore now form the basic stock 462 and the access 1980-50 (both previously inventoried in a paper repertory), while the administrative files of the Landesversicherungsanstalt are to be found only in the present access 1994-38. In addition to personnel files and files on the Hirschlanden sanatorium (access 1992-50), all other accesses mainly consist of exemplary archived individual case files of the Landesversicherungsanstalt. Inventory history: The access was evaluated in 1994 by archive officers under the guidance of Dr. Jürgen Treffeisen and recorded by volunteers under the guidance of Dr. Peter Rückert. It reflects almost the entire administrative action of an institution under public law, both internally and externally. However, the tradition only begins densely after the First World War; for the period before that, the multiple parallel tradition of the State Insurance Office can be used in some cases. The final editing was done by the undersigned. The access includes 551 fascicles in 10 running meters. The longest blocking period runs until 2045.Karlsruhe, August 2005Konrad Krimm

Preliminary remark: Karl Hein was born on 20 February 1901 in Frankfurt/Main. After passing the one-year voluntary examination, he joined the Royal Prussian Railway Administration in Frankfurt in 1916, where he was initially employed in field service at railway stations and offices as well as in telegraph and radio service. In 1927 he won a prize at the 4th International Telegraph Competition in Como and obtained the Funkpatent I in Berlin. Great. From 1934 to 1941, he was responsible for drawing up express train timetables and bus traffic on Reichsautobahnen in the timetable department of the Reichsbahn Directorate in Frankfurt. Between 1941 and 1945 he organized the Wehrmacht vacation traffic and courier services at the Reich Ministry of Transport in Berlin. Immediately after World War II, Karl Hein was employed as a travel official at the Frankfurt regional office of the United States Zone in connection with U.S. Railway stations (Railway Grand Divisions and Second Military Railway Service), where he was responsible for rebuilding rail traffic. From 1947 until his retirement in 1964, he was employed in the operations department of the Head Office of the Railways (HVE), later the Head Office of the German Federal Railways (HVB), from 1947 until his retirement in 1964, and from 1948 as head of their travel agency. In this function, Karl Hein had the task of organising and supervising train journeys for high-ranking personalities, in particular heads of state and members of government, at home and abroad. Since he took part in these special train journeys himself, he came into personal contact with almost everything that had rank and name in the Federal Republic of the 50s. Among others he accompanied Theodor Heuss, Heinrich Lübke, Konrad Adenauer, Ludwig Erhard, Charles de Gaulle, Schah Reza Pahlevi, Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi, Alcide de Gasperi, Emperor Haile Selassie I. of Ethiopia, King Paul I. of Greece, Archbishop Makarios, etc.The highlight of his career was undoubtedly his participation in Adenauer's trip to Moscow in 1955, which resulted in the establishment of diplomatic relations between Bonn and Moscow and the release of the German prisoners of war. For his work he received numerous awards, such as the Federal Cross of Merit and Officer's Crosses of Orders in Italy, Greece, Madagascar and Liberia. Karl Hein collected numerous memorabilia on his travels, especially postcards and photos, but also file material, invitation cards, travel programs etc. and kept them carefully, partly glued on photo cardboard and inscribed. This collection was donated by his daughter Lydia von Prondzynski, Bad Oberdorf, to the Ludwigsburg State Archives in 1991. It documents not only a special piece of railway history at a time when trains were still travelling as "rolling embassies" of statesmen through documents about technical details of the trains looked after by Karl Hein and about the condition of the routes travelled, but also allows a charming look behind the scenes of major state visits.The present stock PL 718, which comprises 0.4 linear m = 15 archive units, was ordered and indexed by the undersigned in February 1991. The computer-aided fair copy of the repertory was obtained by Hildegard Aufderklamm.Ludwigsburg, March 1991Leuchweis

The Order of St John, which came into being with the crusade movement at the end of the 11th century, fell victim to secularisation at the beginning of the 19th century, as did all religious institutions. The German Grand Priory in Heitersheim (in the Breisgau region) was dissolved in 1805/6 with its subordinates, including those in the new Grand Duchy of Baden and the Kingdom of Württemberg. The Brandenburg Bailiwick, which since the 14th century enjoyed a special position within the Grand Priorate of Germany strengthened by the conversion to Protestantism around 1540, was not secularised until 1811, but remained in existence in the form of an Order of Merit for persons of Protestant and Russian Orthodox denomination who deserved to serve the Prussian king, the royal house and the monarchy. In 1852 King Friedrich Wilhalm IV of Prussia restored the Ballei Brandenburg of the Order of St. John. The initiative for the revival of the Order and for the foundation of "cooperatives" in the Prussian provinces and in southern Germany also proceeded from it. The development in Württemberg was concluded in June 1858 with the award of corporate law, i.e. the status of a legal entity, to the "Cooperative of Knights of the Bailiwick Brandenburg of the Order of St John of Wuerttemberg in the Kingdom of Württemberg" residing in Stuttgart. It was joined by knights from Baden and - until the foundation of a cooperative society in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1888 - also by Bavarian knights. There was no intention to found a cooperative of its own for Baden several times, so in 1906 the cooperative was renamed "Württembergisch-Badensche Genossenschaft des Johanniterordens". Since 1978 it has been called "Baden-Württembergische Kommende des Johanniterordens". It was originally a legal person by royal Württemberg sovereign act and is now a non-profit registered association of civil law. The Baden-Württemberg Kommende of the Order of St John is subordinated to the Ballei Brandenburg, which is subdivided into a total of 20 cooperatives or Kommende. At the head of the Order, which also includes Johanniter groups in Belgium, Austria, the USA and South Africa, is the Master of Masters, who is elected by the Chapter, the supreme decision-making body. His deputy is the governor of the order. The members of the order are classified as honorary knights, legal knights, commentators, honorary comedians or honorary members, depending on their activity or their probation. The Baden-Württemberg Kommende is headed by a "Governing Commentator", who exercises his office together with the board (convention) of the cooperative. On the knight days, which are held annually, pending questions are discussed. As tasks of the order the statute of the Ballei Brandenburg of 24.6.1853, also binding for the Württemberg cooperative, specifies above all the "defence of the Christian religion in particular of the Protestant confession", the "fight against unbelief", as well as the "service and (the) care of the sick" as tasks of the order. An expansion of the tasks took place with the statute of the Baden-Württembergische Kommende of 30 September 1978 § 2 (2): "The purpose of the association is the promotion of the general public through care and assistance for the sick, the elderly, the physically and economically weak, as well as young people and children. The Association carries out this activity in hospitals, old people's homes and other social institutions, as well as through affiliated working and auxiliary communities. In times of external and internal danger, the Association is particularly dedicated to "the wounded, the sick and other injured". In addition to their historically founded, intensive diaconal commitment, the Kommende is characterised by a pronounced cultural commitment. It is supported by three pillars: the archive, the library and the museum. The Archive of the Order has been located in the Main State Archive in Stuttgart since 1969. The Johanniter Library was founded after World War II. It contains valuable bibliophile works from six centuries, especially from the history of the order. Since 2007, the library has been housed as a deposit in the Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe. The Johanniter Museum Krautheim a. d. Jagst is a joint institution of the town and the Kommende. The historical building, which was originally owned by the Order of St John and then by the Teutonic Order, now belongs to the city, the exhibits of the Kommende. The museum was opened in 1978 and was given a new appearance in 2006 on the occasion of the 700th anniversary of the city. The Commentators of the Baden-Württemberg Commentaries: 1858-1868 Frhr. Wilhelm vom Holtz 1868-1888 Graf Wilhelm von Taubenheim 1888-1908 Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe.Langenburg 1908-1947 Prince Ernst zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1948-1952 Wilhelm Volrad von Rauchhaupt 1952-1958 Rudolf von Bünau 1958-1960 Prince Gottfried zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1960-1961 Wilhelm Volrad von Rauchhaupt 1961-1973 Frhr. Reinhard von Gemmingen-Hornberg since 1973 Knight Friedrich von Molo Content and evaluation History, order and indexing of the holdings The tradition of the Baden-Württemberg Commendary of the Order of St John is kept in the Main State Archives in Stuttgart as a deposit. For the documents received in 1969, there is already a completed find book available which was produced in 1970 by the inspector candidate Renate Pruschek. The since then existing taxes of June 1983, May 1984, August and September 1988, which were made by the Commentator of the Baden-Württembergische Kommende Friedrich Ritter von Molo and by the Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein, have been combined to a partial stock and are indexed in the present find book. The recording initially took place as part of the training of the archive inspector candidates Corinna Pfisterer, Regina Keyler, Bettina Herrmann under the guidance of archive assessor Dr. Peter Schiffer from July to September 1988. From October 1988 to March 1989, archive inspector Sabine Schnell, among others, made the remaining title recordings and carried out the final work. Since the stock was recorded by several editors, it was not always possible to design the title recordings uniformly. A pre-archival order of the files is not recognizable, therefore the structure of the find book of Pruschek served as basis for the present find book. However, a modification was necessary. In order to avoid overlaps in the order numbers, order number 401 was used for the distortion of the present partial stock. In particular, the inventory contains files on the organisation and administration of the cooperative. Insights into the tasks of the cooperative are rather provided by the publications and journals received, the existing books provide information above all about the general history of the order. Personal documents of the commentators on membership and function in the Order remained in the private estates of the Hohenlohe Central Archives in Neuenstein. The listed documents have a total duration from (1714-1719) 1853 to 1987. Since the stock is property of the Johanniterorden, no cassations were made. The partial stock P 7/2 comprises 293 units with 8.3 m running time. The finding aid was created with the help of data processing on the basis of the MIDOSA program package of the State Archive Administration of Baden-Württemberg.

1. Geschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein Der Bestand GU 20 enthält Unterlagen zu Bau, Umbau, Instandsetzung, Verwaltung und Nutzung des Schlosses Lichtenstein im Landkreis Reutlingen, das sich im Besitz des Hauses Urach befindet. Da sich der Bestand GU 20 auf Schloss Lichtenstein bezieht, wird im Folgenden auf die Geschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein eingegangen. Um 1100 errichteten die Herren von Lichtenstein etwa 500 Meter südöstlich des heutigen Schlosses Lichtenstein eine Burg, von der heute nur noch Mauerreste erhalten sind (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 176 und 180). Die Herren von Lichtenstein waren Ministerialen im Dienste der Grafen von Achalm, später der Grafen von Württemberg. Im Verlauf von kriegerischen Auseinandersetzungen der Württemberger im 14. Jahrhundert wurde die Burg Lichtenstein zerstört. Das Haus Württemberg, das seit dem Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts im Besitz der Burg war, baute die Burg nach 1389 nicht an der alten Stelle wieder auf, sondern auf einem frei stehenden Felsen über dem Echaztal, an der Stelle, an der sich heute das Kernschloss von Schloss Lichtenstein befindet. Fortan diente die Burg dem Hause Württemberg als Jagdschloss und Wohnung der Burgvögte. Während des Bauernkrieges 1525 versuchten die Pfullinger vergebens, Burg Lichtenstein einzunehmen. Ab 1567 war der Lichtenstein Sitz eines Forstknechts, der die herzoglichen Wälder in der Umgebung verwaltete. Dieser war dem Forstmeister in Urach unterstellt. Daneben fungierte Burg Lichtenstein bis in die Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts zeitweilig als Jagdschloss der Herzöge von Württemberg. Als im 18. Jahrhundert die Herzöge jedoch andere Jagdgebiete bevorzugten, verfiel die Burg zusehends. Nach einem Brand im Jahre 1802 ließ daher Herzog Friedrich II., der spätere König Friedrich I., den oberen Teil des Gebäudes, das Vorwerk und die Zugbrücke abtragen. Auf den Grundmauern der Burg wurde ein Gebäude mit einem Krüppelwalmdach erbaut, das bis 1837 Sitz eines Revierförsters war. Im Jahre 1837 suchte Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg (1810-1869), der spätere erste Herzog von Urach, einen geeigneten Platz für den Bau einer Ritterburg im "altdeutschen Style", also im Stil der Gotik. Die Burgruinen Hohenurach, Hohenneuffen und Zavelstein kamen aus verschiedenen Gründen dafür nicht in Betracht. Die Wahl fiel schließlich auf den Lichtenstein, wofür die Nähe zu den Besitzungen des Grafen in Urach und Offenhausen und die geringe Größe des Objekts sprachen. Andere Burgen und Liegenschaften wären für den Bau und Unterhalt einer Burg nach Aussage des Grafen Wilhelm zu kostspielig geraten (vgl. hierzu das Briefkonzept des Grafen vom 29. November 1837, GU 20 Büschel 225, abgedruckt bei Bidlingmaier, a.a.O., S. 117-120). Die Entscheidung für den Lichtenstein wurde möglicherweise auch durch den Roman "Lichtenstein" von Wilhelm Hauff (1802-1827) inspiriert, der als einer der ersten Historienromane der deutschsprachigen Literatur 1826 erschienen war. Schauplätze dieses Romans sind u. a. die Burg Lichtenstein und die Nebelhöhle, in der sich Herzog Ulrich von Württemberg vor den Truppen des Schwäbischen Bundes versteckt, um sich nachts auf die Burg Lichtenstein zu begeben, wo er von dem Ritter von Lichtenstein und dessen Tochter Marie verköstigt wird. Der Roman "Lichtenstein" wurde zu einem großen Erfolg, den Wilhelm Hauff aber wegen seines frühen Ablebens nicht mehr genießen konnte. Dem Erbauer des Schlosses Lichtenstein, Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg, war der Roman bekannt. Die Erinnerung an den Schriftsteller Wilhelm Hauff wurde auf dem Lichtenstein auch immer wachgehalten, wie das Hauff-Denkmal in der Nähe des Schlosses Lichtenstein und die Abhaltung einer Feier zum Gedenken an Wilhelm Hauff im Jahre 1927 beweisen (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 3 und 178). Die Verhandlungen über den Kauf der Burg Lichtenstein zwischen Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg und der württembergischen Forstverwaltung und dem Finanzministerium wurden in den Jahren 1837 bis 1838 geführt (vgl. dazu GU 20 Büschel 143). Wilhelm I. König von Württemberg gab am 19. März 1838 seine Einwilligung in den Verkauf der Burg Lichtenstein mit den zugehörigen Grundstücken an seinen Vetter Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg. Zuvor hatte das Finanzministerium unter der Bedingung dem Verkauf zugestimmt, dass für den bisher auf dem Lichtenstein ansässigen Förster ein neues Forsthaus errichtet wird. Der Kaufvertrag wurde am 25. August 1838 unterzeichnet (GU 20 Büschel 143). Die ersten Entwürfe zu Schloss Lichtenstein, die nicht datiert und größtenteils nicht signiert sind, entstanden möglicherweise ebenfalls in dem Zeitraum 1837 bis 1838. Diese Entwürfe, die im Bestand GU 97 (Schloss Lichtenstein: Pläne, Risse und Zeichnungen) verwahrt werden, stammen vermutlich von dem württembergischen Hofmaler Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (geboren zwischen 1788 und 1794, gest. 1882) (u. a. GU 97 Nr. 49, 51 und 53). Ein weiterer Entwurf wurde von dem Offizier Christian Wilhelm von Faber du Faur (1780-1857) angefertigt (GU 97 Nr. 64). Alle diese genannten Entwürfe weichen zum Teil erheblich von dem tatsächlich realisierten Schlossbau ab. Schließlich fertigte der Maler, Architekt und Denkmalpfleger Carl Alexander von Heideloff (1789-1865) zu Beginn des Jahres 1838 Pläne für den Bau des Kernschlosses an. Da Heideloff aufgrund seiner Tätigkeit als Direktor am Polytechnikum Nürnberg und seiner Arbeit als Denkmalpfleger in Franken häufig verhindert war, beauftragte Graf Wilhelm kurzerhand den in Reutlingen wohnhaften Architekten und Denkmalpfleger Johann Georg Rupp (1797-1883) mit der Anfertigung von Plänen zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein. Heideloff blieb dennoch in die Planungen involviert, indem er etwa Stellungnahmen zu Rupps Plänen lieferte. Rupp legte im Folgenden eine Reihe von Entwurfszeichnungen zum Kernschloss vor, die vor allem im Bestand GU 97 dokumentiert sind und im Großen und Ganzen dem tatsächlich realisierten Bau ähneln. Über die Vorstellungen des Grafen Wilhelm zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein sind wir durch einen Brief seines Sekretärs genau informiert (GU 20 Büschel 143, abgedruckt bei Bidlingmaier, a.a.O., S. 126f.). Graf Wilhelm nahm selbst Einfluss auf die Planungen, wie seine handschriftlichen Korrekturen auf den Plänen und Entwurfszeichnungen Rupps beweisen. Die Bauarbeiten wurden in den Jahren 1839 bis 1842 ausgeführt. Am 27. Mai 1842 weihte Wilhelm I. König von Württemberg das Schloss ein. Die Schlossanlage umfasste nach der Fertigstellung neben dem Kernschloss auf dem Felsen über dem Echaztal den Ritterbau (rechts vom Eingangstor), den Fremdenbau (links vom Eingangstor) und die Festungsanlage. In den Jahren 1857 bis 1858 erfolgte der Um- und Ausbau der Festungsanlage, wohl auch mit Blick auf die revolutionären Ereignisse der Jahre 1848 bis 1849 (vgl. GU 20 Büschel 141 und 155). Wahrscheinlich wollte Graf Wilhelm ein sicheres Refugium für sich und seine Familie errichten, das im Falle eines Aufstandes Schutz bieten konnte (vgl. hierzu Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten im Deutschen Bund 1815-1866, a.a.O., S. 104f.). Graf Wilhelm, der ab 1857 Gouverneur der Festung Ulm war und daher auf dem neuesten Stand der Festungsbaukunst war, fertigte selbst Pläne und Zeichnungen zum Um- und Ausbau der Festungsanlage an, die im Bestand GU 97 erhalten sind (GU 97 Nr. 6-9, 13, 14, 17-19, 30-32 und 62). Um 1900 entstanden weitere Anbauten an die bisherigen Gebäude. 1899 wurde der Gerobau als Anbau an den Fremdenbau errichtet, in dem u. a. Räume für die Kinder von Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach und Amalie Herzogin von Urach (geb. Herzogin in Bayern) untergebracht waren (vgl. hierzu Unterrubrik 2.3.6). Der Fürstenbau wurde in den Jahren 1907 bis 1908 an den Ritterbau angebaut (vgl. hierzu Unterrubrik 2.3.7). Schloss Lichtenstein erregte bereits kurz nach seiner Fertigstellung die Aufmerksamkeit der Öffentlichkeit: Der Sondelfinger Pfarrer Carl Christian Gratianus (1780-1852) veröffentlichte 1844 ein kleines Bändchen unter dem Titel "Die Ritterburg Lichtenstein. Landsitz Sr. Erlaucht des Grav Wilhelm von Wirtemberg. Vergangenheit und Gegenwart" (Hauptstaatsarchiv Bibliothek A 3048). 1852 erschien das Werk "Der im mittelalterlichen Styl neu erbaute Lichtenstein. Burg Sr. Erlaucht des Herrn Graven Wilhelm von Württemberg. Eine Zusammenstellung von Ansichten, Plänen, ornamentalen & architektonischen Details in Farbendruck, nebst Text mit Holzschnitten" (GU 97 Nr. 5), das von dem Maler und Architekten Georg Eberlein (1819-1884) herausgegeben wurde. Eberlein, ein Schüler Carl Alexander von Heideloffs, war auch an der Ausmalung der Innenräume des Schlosses maßgeblich beteiligt. In den letzten Jahren wurde Schloss Lichtenstein renoviert. Das Schloss ist im Besitz des Hauses Urach, wird aber nicht mehr ständig von Mitgliedern des Hauses bewohnt. 2. Inhalt des Bestandes Den Auftakt des Bestandes bilden die in Rubrik 1 versammelten Unterlagen zu den Verhandlungen über den Kauf des Schlosses Lichtenstein, die Graf Wilhelm mit der württembergischen Forstverwaltung und dem Finanzministerium führte (GU 20 Büschel 143). Rubrik 2 vereinigt Archivalien zu Bau, An- und Umbauten, Instandsetzungsarbeiten und Haustechnik des Schlosses Lichtenstein, einschließlich zugehöriger Rechnungsbelege. Sie ist bezüglich ihres Inhaltes die bedeutendste und gemessen am Umfang die zweitgrößte Rubrik des Bestandes. Neben Rechnungsbelegen und Quittungen zum Bau und zu Umbaumaßnahmen sind Bauakten, teilweise mit Plänen und Entwürfen, zu erwarten. In der Unterrubrik 2.1.1 sind die Rechnungsbelege und Quittungen zum Schlossbau und in der Unterrubrik 2.1.2 die Korrespondenzen des Bauherrn Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg mit den Architekten und Künstlern Carl Alexander von Heideloff (GU 20 Büschel 225), Johann Georg Rupp (GU 20 Büschel 219) und Georg Eberlein (GU 20 Büschel 216 und 154), die am Bau des Schlosses beteiligt waren, vorhanden. Bei den genannten Korrespondenzen handelt es sich allesamt um sog. unilaterale Korrespondenzen, d. h. es sind nur die Schreiben der genannten Personen an Graf Wilhelm zu finden. In den Briefen der genannten Künstler spiegeln sich die Baugeschichte und die späteren Baumaßnahmen des Schlosses wider. Vor allem die Briefe Heideloffs verdienen besondere Beachtung, denn neben der Baugeschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein enthalten diese auch Ausführungen zu den umfangreichen anderen Baumaßnahmen und Planungen Heideloffs, etwa im Auftrag der Herzöge von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha und Sachsen-Meiningen. Sogar ein Angebot des portugiesischen Königs Ferdinand II., welcher der katholischen Linie Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha-Kohary entstammte, an Heideloff, beim Bau von Schloss Pena mitzuwirken, wird in den Briefen genannt. Auch Heideloffs nicht unwichtige Tätigkeit als Denkmalpfleger in Nürnberg und im übrigen Franken ist darin dokumentiert. Die Briefe sind eine interessante Quelle zur Biografie Heideloffs und darüber hinaus auch zur Kunstgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts (Auszüge u. a. bei Bidlingmaier, Ottersbach, a.a.O.). Für die Baugeschichte und die Kunstgeschichte von Belang sind auch die Briefe des bereits genannten Malers und Architekten Georg Eberlein in GU 20 Büschel 216. Sie informieren über die Ausmalung des Schlosses Lichtenstein und daneben auch über Eberleins Wirken beim Bau der Burg Hohenzollern und im Auftrag des von Graf Wilhelm mitbegründeten Württembergischen Geschichts- und Altertumsvereins (siehe dazu auch Bidlingmaier, a.a.O.). Die Unterrubrik 2.2 beinhaltet Archivalien zu späteren Baumaßnahmen nach der Vollendung des Schlosses, die sich auf mehrere Gebäude der Schlossanlage Lichtenstein beziehen. In der Unterrubrik 2.2.2 finden sich Briefe des bereits erwähnten Johann Georg Rupp aus den Jahren 1856 bis 1883 (GU 20 Büschel 220 und 222), also aus der Zeit nach Fertigstellung des Schlossbaus, und des Architekten Karl Mayer aus den Jahren 1883-1904 (GU 20 Büschel 1-4). Letzterer war als Architekt bei Baumaßnahmen in der Zeit um 1900, etwa beim Bau des Gerobaus und des Fürstenbaus, maßgeblich beteiligt. Unterlagen zu einzelnen Gebäuden der Schlossanlage sind in der Unterrubrik 2.3, Materialien zu technischen Einrichtungen auf Schloss Lichtenstein sind in der Unterrubrik 2.4 zu erwarten. Rubrik 3 ist die umfangreichste Rubrik des Bestandes. In ihr finden sich Instruktionen der Herzöge und der Herzogin für die Schlossverwalter (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.1), Berichte der Schlossverwalter an den Herzog und die Herzogin (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.2), Monatsabrechnungen und -berichte (Unterrubrik 3.3), Status bzw. Übersichten über die Einnahmen und Ausgaben (v. a. Unterrubrik 3.4), Kassen-Tagebücher (Unterrubrik 3.5), Auszüge aus den Kassen-Tagebüchern (Unterrubrik 3.6), ein Postbuch (Unterrubrik 3.7), die Versicherung des Schlosses und des Hausrats (Unterrubrik 3.8) und Personalangelegenheiten des Schlossverwalters (Unterrubrik 3.9). Bei den genannten Serien gibt es teilweise Überschneidungen. So enthalten die Berichte der Unterrubriken 3.2.2.1, 3.2.2.2 und 3.2.2.3 auch die Aufstellungen der Einnahmen und Ausgaben (Status). Es erschien sinnvoll, die vorgefundenen Einheiten zu belassen und die entsprechenden Inhalte in den Enthält- und Darin-Vermerken aufzuführen. Hervorzuheben sind in Rubrik 3 vor allem die Berichte der Schlossverwalter an den Herzog und die Herzogin und die Instruktionen des Herzogs und der Herzogin an die Schlossverwalter, da in diesen häufig die Baumaßnahmen auf Schloss Lichtenstein Erwähnung finden. Rubrik 4 enthält die Inventare der Räume des Schlosses Lichtenstein, die eine wichtige Quelle für die Ausstattung des Schlosses sind. In den Inventaren werden auch die auf dem Lichtenstein verwahrten Kunstwerke und Sammlungen aufgeführt. Diese Sammlungen und Kunstwerke sind natürlich vorrangig Gegenstand der Rubrik 5. Von Bedeutung sind die Gemäldesammlungen (Unterrubrik 5.1), die Skulpturensammlungen (Unterrubrik 5.2) und die Sammlungen griechischer und römischer Altertümer (Unterrubrik 5.3). Die größtenteils von Wilhelm Graf von Württemberg angelegten Sammlungen sind zugleich ein beredtes Zeugnis für das rege Interesse und die profunden Kenntnisse des Grafen in den Fächern Geschichte, Kunstgeschichte und Geologie. Erwähnung verdienen die von dem Stuttgarter Kunstforscher und Rechtsanwalt Karl Walcher (1831-1906) angelegten Materialsammlungen, Aufzeichnungen und Publikationen zu den Skulpturen des Neuen Lusthauses in Stuttgart, das von Georg Beer unter Mitwirkung von Heinrich Schickhardt Ende des 16. Jahrhunderts erbaut worden war. Graf Wilhelm hatte vor dem Umbau des Neuen Lusthauses zum Königlich Württembergischen Hoftheater in den 1840er Jahren einige der an dem Gebäude befindlichen Skulpturen erworben, auf den Lichtenstein verbracht und damit vor dem sicheren Untergang gerettet. Walcher, der als Rechtsanwalt häufig die Interessen des Hauses Urach vertrat, hat sich intensiv mit den Lusthausfiguren befasst und Publikationen darüber vorgelegt. Seine Materialsammlungen und seine wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz mit Gelehrten zu diesem Thema hat Walcher dem Haus Urach übergeben. Sie befinden sich in Unterrubrik 5.2.1. Die Korrespondenzen mit den Bildhauern Ernst Macholdt und August Schwenzer über die Restaurierung der Lusthausfiguren, sind in GU 20 Büschel 159, 161 und 210 zu erwarten. Auch der Bestand GU 97 weist Archivalien zum Neuen Lusthaus auf (v. a. Nr. 125, 136 und 137). In Unterrubrik 5.8 ist vor allem die umfangreiche Korrespondenz des Grafen Wilhelm mit Künstlern, Kunsthändlern und Restauratoren hervorzuheben. Graf Wilhelm hat zahlreiche Gemälde und Skulpturen erworben. Darunter befanden sich viele sakrale Kunstwerke, die nach der Säkularisation auf den Kunstmarkt gelangten. Mit dem Erwerb dieser Kunstwerke hat Graf Wilhelm diese Kunstobjekte vor dem Untergang oder dem Verkauf ins Ausland gerettet. In diesem Zusammenhang verdient das in GU 20 Büschel 301 vertretene Gutachten des Kunstsammlers und -gelehrten Sulpiz Boisserée (1783-1854) zu der Gemälde-Sammlung des Ludwig Fürst zu Oettingen-Wallerstein Beachtung. Der Fürst beabsichtigte damals, seine Gemälde-Sammlung dem Stuttgarter Museum der Bildenden Künste, der Vorgänger-Institution der Staatsgalerie, zum Verkauf anzubieten. Die Materialien zur Bibliothek des Hauses Urach sind in Rubrik 6 versammelt. Darin sind die Verzeichnisse der Bibliothek der Florestine Herzogin von Urach Gräfin von Württemberg (geb. Prinzessin von Monaco) erwähnenswert (GU 20 Büschel 236 und 255). Einzelne Dokumente zu dem früher auf Schloss Lichtenstein verwahrten Archiv finden sich in Rubrik 7. Rubrik 8 hat die Nutzung des Schlosses Lichtenstein und die Hofhaltung des Hauses Urach auf dem Schloss zum Gegenstand. Die Fremdenbücher (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.1) und die Einschreibebücher der Herzogin (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.2) und des Herzogs (Unterrubrik 8.1.1.3) geben Auskünfte über die prominenten Besucher des Schlosses aus den Reihen der europäischen Fürstenhäuser, des deutschen Hochadels, der Stuttgarter Hofgesellschaft, des Militärs, des Kabinetts und der Verwaltung in Württemberg. Unter den Besuchern sind u. a. die Könige Wilhelm I., Karl und Wilhelm II. von Württemberg, die Königinnen Pauline, Olga und Charlotte von Württemberg und Wilhelm III. König der Niederlande Großherzog von Luxemburg, Albert I. Fürst von Monaco, Albert I. König und Elisabeth Königin der Belgier, Mary Fürstin von Teck (verh. Königin von Großbritannien und Irland Kaiserin von Indien), Ferdinand Graf von Zeppelin, der spätere russische Außenminister und Staatskanzler Alexander Fürst Gortschakow, Ludwig Uhland, Sulpiz Boisserée und Paul Wilhelm von Keppler Bischof von Rottenburg zu nennen. Bei einzelnen Einträgen ist jedoch nicht immer ersichtlich, inwieweit sich diese auf Besuche bei Angehörigen des Hauses Urach im Palais Urach in Stuttgart oder auf Schloss Lichtenstein beziehen. Im Fremdenbuch des Schlosses Lichtenstein (GU 20 Büschel 184) finden sich außerdem Klecksbilder oder sog. "Klecksographien" und Gedichte u. a. über den Lichtenstein von dem Arzt und Dichter Justinus Kerner. Archivgut über Schloss Lichtenstein und die Öffentlichkeit sind in Rubrik 9 vereinigt. Die Besichtigung des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.1.) ist durch die Besucher-, Fremden- und Einschreibebücher des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.1.1), in denen die weniger prominenten Besucher auftauchen, Eintrittskarten (Unterrubrik 9.1.2) und Anfragen von Schlossbesuchern (Unterrubrik 9.1.3) dokumentiert. Außerdem sind Archivalien über Veranstaltungen auf dem Schloss und die Lichtensteinspiele in Honau (Unterrubrik 9.2) und die verkehrstechnische Anbindung des Schlosses (Unterrubrik 9.3) zu erwarten. Von Interesse sind etwa die Überlegungen zum Bau einer Drahtseilbahn auf den Lichtenstein (GU 20 Büschel 179), die jedoch wegen der damit verbundenen Verunstaltung der Landschaft nicht realisiert wurden. Zeitungsartikel, Typoskripte, Manuskripte und Gedichte über Schloss Lichtenstein enthält Rubrik 9.4. Die Umgebung des Schlosses hat Rubrik 10 zum Inhalt. Hier sind Unterlagen u. a. über das ehemalige Forsthaus bzw. den Sitz des staatlichen Revierförsters auf dem Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.1), die Wälder in der Nähe von Schloss Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.2), die geologische Pyramide auf dem Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.5) und die eingangs bereits erwähnte Burgruine Lichtenstein (Unterrubrik 10.6) aufgeführt. Schließlich folgen die meteorologischen Aufzeichnungen des Schlossverwalters Feil für Graf Wilhelm vor allem aus dem Jahr 1844 (Rubrik 11). Die in dem vorliegenden Bestand vorhandenen Archivalien bilden neben dem Bestand GU 97 die zentralen Quellen für die Baugeschichte des Schlosses Lichtenstein. Für Forschungen zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein und zu An- und Umbaumaßnahmen ist es sinnvoll, in den Beständen GU 20 und GU 97 parallel zu recherchieren. Auch für die Biografie des Erbauers von Schloss Lichtenstein Wilhelm (I.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg (1810-1869) und die Geschichte des Hauses Urach sind die Materialien von großem Interesse. Darüber hinaus haben die Quellen im Bestand GU 20 Bedeutung für die Kunstgeschichte, Denkmalpflege und Kulturgeschichte sowie die Alltags- und Mentalitätsgeschichte des Adels. 3. Ordnung und Verzeichnung des Bestandes Der Bestand GU 20 gelangte zusammen mit dem Archiv der Herzöge und Fürsten von Urach Grafen von Württemberg im Jahre 1987 als Depositum ins Hauptstaatsarchiv. Dort bildet das Archiv des Hauses Urach innerhalb der Tektonik (Beständegliederung) die GU-Beständeserie. Bei der Neuordnung des Archivs durch Ltd. Archivdirektor Wolfgang Schmierer erhielten die Unterlagen zu Bau, Nutzung und Verwaltung des Schlosses Lichtenstein die Signatur GU 20. Bereits lange vor der Abgabe der Archivalien an das Hauptstaatsarchiv gab es Versuche, einen Teil der Akten zum Bau des Schlosses Lichtenstein zu ordnen, um einen besseren und schnelleren Zugriff auf benötigte Dokumente zu erhalten. Auf einigen Akten des Bestandes GU 20 und auf den Mappen mit Plänen im Bestand GU 97 sind daher Vorsignaturen vorhanden, die bei den Konkordanzen der Vorsignaturen in diesem Repertorium unter den Vorsignaturen 1, 2 und 3 aufgeführt sind. Einige der Vorsignaturen auf den Aktendeckeln stammen möglicherweise von Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach (1864-1928) selbst. Bei allen diesen Maßnahmen handelte es sich jedoch nur um Ansätze zu einer groben Ordnung, die nur kleine Teile der heutigen Bestände GU 20 und GU 97 betrafen. Im Jahre 1984 wurden schließlich die Akten und Pläne zum Bau des Schlosses, die jetzt den Beständen GU 20 und GU 97 zugewiesen sind, teilweise neu geordnet. Auf den Aktendeckeln und auf den Mappen wurden in diesem Zusammenhang handschriftliche Verzeichnisse, mit sehr knappen Angaben zum Inhalt, angebracht. Auch diese Ordnung bezog sich jedoch nur auf einen begrenzten Teil der Unterlagen. Die bei dieser Vorordnung vergebenen Signaturen in Form von arabischen Ziffern finden im Repertorium bei den Konkordanzen als Vorsignatur 4 Erwähnung. Da die Bestände GU 20 und GU 97 noch vor deren Neuverzeichnung Benutzern zugänglich gemacht wurden, sind häufig die 1984 vergebenen Vorsignaturen in der Literatur genannt (v. a. bei Ottersbach und Bidlingmaier, a.a.O.), da andere Signaturen für Zitatnachweise damals nicht zur Verfügung standen. Wie bereits erwähnt, waren Teile des vorliegenden Bestandes ungeordnet. Hier mussten die Verzeichnungseinheiten neu gebildet werden. Wo es sinnvoll erschien, insbesondere bei den Serien der Rechnungen und Quittungen, Instruktionen für den Schlossverwalter, Berichten der Schlossverwalter und Auszügen aus den Kassen-Tagebüchern, wurden die vorgefundenen Einheiten beibehalten. Die in den genannten Serien vereinzelt enthaltenen Pläne und Korrespondenzen der Schlossverwalter und der Mitglieder des Hauses Urach wurden im Enthält- bzw. Darin-Vermerk aufgeführt. Da für die vorliegenden Akten keine grundlegende Ordnung, geschweige denn ein Aktenplan oder -verzeichnis, vorlag, musste vom Bearbeiter eine neue Klassifikation entwickelt werden. Im Zuge der Erschließung wurden aus dem Bestand GU 20 zahlreiche Unterlagen ausgegliedert und vor allem den Beständen GU 10 (Vermögensverwaltung des Hauses Urach), GU 97 (Schloss Lichtenstein: Pläne, Risse und Zeichnungen), GU 105 (Wilhelm (I.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg), GU 117 (Wilhelm (II.) Herzog von Urach Graf von Württemberg) und GU 120 (Karl Fürst von Urach Graf von Württemberg) zugewiesen. Die Archivalien des Bestandes GU 20 dürfen nur nach vorheriger Genehmigung des Chefs des Hauses Urach eingesehen werden. Das Repertorium des Bestandes GU 20 wurde im November 2009 fertiggestellt. Der Bestand umfasst - vor der Verpackung - ca. 5 lfd. Meter mit 400 Nummern. Stuttgart, im November 2009 Eberhard Merk Literatur über Schloss Lichtenstein und das Haus Urach: Carl Christian Gratianus: Die Ritterburg Lichtenstein. Landsitz Sr. Erlaucht des Grav Wilhelm von Wirtemberg. Vergangenheit und Gegenwart. Tübingen 1844. Georg Eberlein: Der im mittelalterlichen Styl neu erbaute Lichtenstein. Burg Sr. Erlaucht des Herrn Graven Wilhelm von Württemberg. eine Zusammenstellung von Ansichten, Plänen, ornamentalen & architektonischen Details in Farbendruck, nebst Text mit Holzschnitten. Reutlingen 1852. Friedrich Pfäfflin (Bearbeiter): Wilhelm Hauff und der Lichtenstein. [Ausstellung von März bis Juni 1981 im Schiller-Nationalmuseum Marbach am Neckar] (Marbacher Magazine 18). Marbach am Neckar 1981. Rolf Bidlingmaier: Schloß Lichtenstein. Die Baugeschichte eines romantischen Symbols. In: Reutlinger Geschichtsblätter NF 33 (1994) S. 113-152. Wolfgang Schmierer: Die Seitenlinie der Herzöge von Urach (seit 1867). In: Das Haus Württemberg. Ein biographisches Lexikon. Hg. von Sönke Lorenz, Dieter Mertens, Volker Press. Stuttgart 1997. S. 376-398. Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten der Romantik. Die Schlösser Lichtenstein ob Honau und Hohenzollern. Magister-Hausarbeit im Fach Kunstgeschichte. Marburg 1998. Katharina und Nikola Hild: Lichtenstein. Reutlingen 2000. Hans-Christoph Dittscheid: Erfindung als Erinnerung. Burg Lichtenstein zwischen Hauffs poetischer Fiktion und Heideloffs künstlerischer Konkretisierung. In: Wilhelm Hauff oder Die Virtuosität der Einbildungskraft. Hg. von Ernst Osterkamp, Andrea Polaschegg und Erhard Schütz in Verbindung mit der Deutschen Schillergesellschaft. Göttingen 2005. Architektur wie sie im Buche steht. Fiktive Bauten und Städte in der Literatur. Katalog anlässlich der gleichnamigen Ausstellung im Architekturmuseum der Technischen Universität München in der Pinakothek der Moderne vom 8. Dezember 2006 bis 11. März 2007. München 2006. S. 477-480. Christian Ottersbach: Befestigte Schlossbauten im Deutschen Bund. Petersberg 2007. Andrea Knop: Carl Alexander Heideloff und sein romantisches Architekturprogramm. Monographie und Werkkatalog (Nürnberger Werkstücke zur Stadt- und Landesgeschichte Bd. 67). Nürnberg 2009.

The inventory FL 300/23 I Amtsgericht Neresheim: Handels-, Genossenschafts-, Vereinsregister contains register files of the department HRA of the Amtsgericht Neresheim, which up to now have been summarized in 4 collective bundles and were recorded individually within the scope of a comprehensive indexing of register documents of the Amtsgerichte according to register numbers, as well as volumes to the Handelsregister and to the Genossenschaftsregister from the additions 2006/31, 2006/37, 2006/40. Since the jurisdiction of the court district of Neresheim - as well as that of the district court of Ellwangen (see volume FL 300/9 II) - for register matters was transferred to the district court of Aalen, the register volumes of Neresheim were archived via the district court of Aalen. The volumes on the Commercial Register contain an older stratum that distinguishes between E/HRE (sole proprietorships) and G/HRG (partnership companies); the later volumes are, as usual, separated into HRA (sole proprietorships and partnerships) and HRB (corporations). The holdings only contain volumes on the register of cooperatives; association register documents of the Neresheim Local Court have not yet been delivered; the title records for the files were made in 2008 by Sirin Özet under the direction of Ute Bitz, archivist, who was also responsible for the indexing of the volumes. The final work was carried out by the undersigned. The inventory FL 300/23 I Local Court Neresheim: Commercial, cooperative and association register comprises 43 files and 11 volumes Ludwigsburg, March 2009Regina SchneiderAs a supplementary levy under the accession number 2011/5 on 25.01.2011 from the Local Court Aalen still 2 model registers were received, which were incorporated by Mrs Andrea Jaraszewski here.January 2011Ute Bitz

1. to the biography: Friedrich Facius was born on 17.8.1907 in Winzlar (GDR). After graduating from high school in 1927-1933, he studied history, German and Latin in Berlin, Jena and Heidelberg. He completed his studies with a doctorate from Willy Andreas, to whom he later felt a lifelong connection. In 1933 he began his preparatory service for the archive career in the Weimar State Archives. From 1935 to 1947 he headed the Landesarchiv Altenburg (Saxony), but remained in Weimar during this time. In 1939, he became State Archives Councillor. From 1952 to 1961 he was at the Federal Archives Koblenz, then the first State Archives Council at the branch of the Main State Archives Stuttgart in Ludwigsburg; there he became Chief State Archives Councilor in 1962. The last station of his professional life was Freiburg i. Br., where from 1967 to 1972 he was Director of the State Archives at the then branch of the General State Archives in Karlsruhe. Until shortly before his death in 1983 he was still scientifically active. 2nd inventory history: In 1983, his wife handed over the extensive estate of Friedrich Facius to the General State Archive in Karlsruhe. From its large library, the archive only took over the historical works and the Badenia. The publications of Friedrich Facius deal with topics of Thuringian regional history as well as industrial and economic history; in the latter he has worked intensively into the history of Baden, of which numerous publications on the F1uss-, shipping and port history of the Upper Rhine area bear witness. He has also dealt with the history of landscape design over many years and has published several essays on it. Friedrich Facius was a member of the Gesellschaft zur Förderung des Deutschen Rheinschifffahrtsmuseums in Mannheim e.V. (Society for the Promotion of the German Rhine Navigation Museum in Mannheim), the Kirchengeschichtlichen Verein für das Erzbistum Freiburg (Association for the History of the Church in the Archdiocese of Freiburg), the Alemannisches Institut (Alemannic Institute), the Kommission für Gesch. Regional studies in Baden-Württemberg and the Breisgau History Association. He was also a member of the scientific working group for Central Germany and the Fürst-Pückler-Gesellschaft. The estate of Friedrich Facius was already handed over to the General State Archives in a preliminary form, whereby the contents were summarized: For example, correspondence on individual issues was enclosed with the corresponding publications and lectures. The editors have now made an effort to bring the material into a systematic order. Membership in historical associations and general correspondence were put at the beginning under the heading 'Personal'. By far the largest part of the estate is, however, the scientific work of Friedrich Facius. It is now arranged thematically in 9 points. A collection of special editions was dissolved and material collections on various historical topics, which - as far as can be seen - did not give rise to any publications or lectures, were collected in accordance with the corresponding norms. The indexes to the bibliography have also been classified under this heading. The Facius estate now comprises 117 fascicles, housed in 18 boxes. The regulatory and registry work was carried out by M. Reiling and R. Gomringer under the supervision of the undersigned. The repertory was prepared as part of the MIDOSA project of the State Archive Administration. Mrs. L. Hessler took care of the title recordings and the corrections. Karlsruhe spring 1985 M. Salaba

The Kislauer Prisons: The buildings on the grounds of the former hunting and pleasure palace of the Speyer prince-bishops in Kislau have served since the attack of the right Rhine parts of the Speyer high monastery on Baden to accommodate various state institutions, some of which existed parallel to each other in different buildings on the palace grounds: as a prison (among other things for revolution participants 1848/49, branch of the Rastatt fortress), custody for women and men, workhouse for socially marginalized men, military hospital and prisoner of war camp in the First World War, branch for women of the Wiesloch sanatorium and nursing home, transit camp for former French foreign legionnaires, refugee camp after 1945 and branch of the Bruchsal penal institution until today. Above all, however, Kislau Castle is still associated with the role it played during the Third Reich, when a protective custody camp and a concentration camp for political prisoners were set up there. Famous political prisoners during the National Socialist era included Adam Remmele, Christian Stock, and Ludwig Marum, who was apparently the only prisoner murdered in Kislau. In the Kislau prison records from the time of National Socialism, Marum is documented as well as a few other, apparently "natural" deaths. During the Nazi era, Kislau was a transit station for many prisoners on their way to other camps, in particular to/from Hinzert (SS special camp), Dachau (concentration camp) and to the Emsland camps (mainly Wehrmacht members). During the Second World War, many prisoners came from abroad; they were Eastern European foreign workers or people from the territories occupied by Germany in Western Europe. Processing: Until 2015, the prison files preserved in fonds 521 formed part of fonds 521 Zugang 1982-48 and 521 Zugang 2003-57. The files were mainly created during the National Socialist era and concern the following Kislauer institutions: - Arbeitshaus- Schutzhaftlager/Konzentrationslager/Bewahrungslager- Straffängnis- Durchgangslager für Fremdenlegionäre. Until 2015, the only finding aid to the files in the 521 Access 1982-48 partial holdings was a typewritten list with names and dates of birth, supplemented by handwritten supplements. This list included - according to the claim - the existing files and a part of the index cards of the prisoner file. The reasons for imprisonment, places of origin, running times of files and, above all, the names of the institutions in which the persons concerned were accommodated were not recorded. Targeted and combined searches, e.g. for protective prisoners whose names were not known in advance, for criminal offences typical of the time, such as decomposition of military strength, refusal to work, forbidden contact with prisoners of war or for places of origin, etc., were not possible in this way. In addition, as the processing revealed, there were unlisted files not included in the list, which were between the others. At the beginning of the development work it was planned to structure the finished finding aid according to institutions, e.g. concentration camp Kislau, workhouse Kislau etc. and within these groups according to alphabet of names. This turned out to be impossible because many prisoners were re-quartered within the Kislau camp complex or because, especially in the case of very many prisoners who were detained for a short period of time (above all detainees under deportation), these details were missing, so that it was very often not possible to make any definite allocations. Another particular difficulty was that the Kislau prisons apparently did not have their own administrations, as can be seen from the stamps, letterheads and address details in the files. In which institution someone was is not always clearly recognizable from the files themselves and would have had to be thoroughly researched and verified on the basis of the parallel transmission in the concrete individual cases (e.g. Kislauer prisoner books, files of the courts and public prosecutor's offices, reparations files). The individual index cards of the prison index have been included in the individual index. These index cards were kept from 1933 to 1938 and contain important personal data: dates of birth, places of origin, reasons for detention, places of detention etc. Often these index cards are the only remaining proof of the imprisonment of a person for political reasons in Kislau. Cards for which files could be identified during the registration work were assigned to these files and were therefore not specifically listed in order to avoid duplication of work. The accounting file, which covers the years approx. 1935-1944, was excluded from the individual indexing. This accounting file contains overviews of deposits and withdrawals of the prisoners' personal funds. The old order numbers in the file list of partial stock 521 Access 1982-48 with about 8500 numbers were retained in order to be able to dispense as far as possible with a concordance. Accordingly, the few gaps found in the sequence of numbers and individual derivatives ("a-numbers") have been preserved. On the other hand, the index cards and the unsigned files from the partial stock 521 Access 2003-57 received new order numbers, which were formed by continued counting.Karlsruhe, in December 2015Dr. Martin Stingl Literature reference: Borgstedt, Angela: Das nordbadische Kislau - Konzentrationslager, Arbeitshaus und Durchgangslager für Fremdenlegionäre, in: Wolfgang Benz/Barbara Distel (ed.): Herrschaft und Gewalt. Early Concentration Camps 1933-1939, Berlin 2001, pp. 217-229.

History of the authorities: The institution of the public prosecutor developed in Baden according to the French model since 1831 and was fully developed until 1845. The main task of the public prosecutor's offices was to investigate punishable acts according to the principle of legality, to bring charges if necessary and to make the evidence available to the court. In addition, they initially also had tasks in the field of voluntary (guardianship matters) and contentious jurisdiction (inheritance and incapacitation matters). As a consequence of the Reichsjustizgesetze of 1879, however, they lost their tasks in the area of voluntary jurisdiction. As a rule, the public prosecutor's offices at the district courts also performed the duties of the district attorneys at the district courts. The Freiburg public prosecutor's office had had a branch in Lörrach since 1919; it was closed in 1931, but reestablished three years later in 1934. Inventory history: The newly formed inventory A 40/1 - Public Prosecutor's Office Freiburg consists of various inventories and parts. The documents of the Freiburg public prosecutor's office previously held under the signatures A 40/1, A 40/2, A 40/3 and A 40/4 were brought together by way of systematic stocktaking by the higher authorities of the judiciary. In addition, in the more recent deliveries of the public prosecutor's offices in Freiburg and Lörrach, the documents that had been created before 1945 were determined and also assigned to the existing holdings. The allocation criterion was the file number assigned by the public prosecutor's office. Thus extensive documents from the holdings F 176/1, F 176/3, F 176/6, F 176/13, F 176/14, F 176/19 as well as F 177/1 and F 177/2 came into the present holdings. He now unites all documents of the Freiburg Public Prosecutor's Office and his Lörrach branch that were created before 1945 and that reached the Freiburg Public Archives. In addition, it also contains documents that were created in the course of the prosecutor's activity as senior prosecutor at the Special Court of Freiburg and that were partly included in the above-mentioned deliveries, partly from the splinter inventories A 47/2 and A 47/3 were attached to the present inventory. according to the year of the investigation,2. according to the place of residence of the suspect,3. according to the alphabet of namesCollecting files: thematic and chronologicalPublic Prosecutor at the Special Court Freiburg:1. according to the year of the investigation,2. according to the place of residence of the suspect,3. according to the alphabet of namesIn addition to the capital crimes (above all murder, arson, fraud, etc.), the investigation files contain numerous political investigation proceedings. The Lörrach riots in connection with the murder of Walter Rathenau are to be mentioned separately, as are the documents on the early history of the NSDAP in the Freiburg area and the numerous political offences in the Third Reich. 770 order numbers in 10.2 m have now been added to the collection. The overall index refers to the order number, concordances between the former Freiburg signature and the now valid order number facilitate the retrieval of the documents already frequently cited in scientific and local historical literature. Freiburg in May 2005 Kurt Hochstuhl

Preliminary remark: The inventory FL 300/11 II Local Court Geislingen: The Commercial, Cooperative and Associations Register was reformed as part of a systematic spin-off of register documents from the Local Court holdings, which was started in 2008, in order to create pure register holdings. It contains documents on the register jurisdiction of the district court Geislingen, which were created before the merger of the register keeping at the district court Göppingen towards the end of the 1960s. On the one hand the index files come from stock F 267 III, on the other hand from stock FL 300/11. The volumes to the commercial, cooperative and association register Geislingen came via the district court Göppingen only with access 2011/102 to the state archive. Since the district court Göppingen is responsible since about 1969 also for the guidance of the commercial and cooperative register of the district court district Geislingen, also numerous register files of the district court district Geislingen came in over deliveries of the district court Göppingen. These were not separated, but in the inventory FL 300/12 IV district court Göppingen: Commercial, cooperative and association registers and indexed there in a separate classification point "Amtsgerichtsbezirk Geislingen". In contrast, the older register files closed before 1970 were included in the present inventory. For the use of commercial and cooperative register files of the district court district Geislingen, FL 300/12 IV is generally to be used as well. Since 01.01.2007 the central register court Ulm is responsible for the commercial and cooperative register. Both the district court Göppingen as well as the district court Geislingen keep at the time of the indexing only the register of associations. to the individual register types: The inventory contains files, volumes and other documents (name lists, minutes) to the commercial, cooperative, and association register. The commercial register files were named HRA (sole traders and partnerships) and HRB (corporations) according to the distinction customary today. The present volumes are divided into two time layers. From the establishment of the Commercial Register in 1866 until 1938, a distinction was made between sole proprietorships (designation E) and corporate proprietorships (designation G). In 1938, the current designations HRA and HRB were introduced. The volumes of the Commercial Register were rewritten in map form around 1965. Note for use: In the case of register documents, there is a 30-year period for the blocking of material files for the main files, while the special files that are clearly visible as such ("special volumes") are freely accessible. The indexing work was carried out in the summer of 2012 by Ms Andrea Jaraszewski under the direction of the undersigned. The holdings include volumes 1-20 and the Büschel 1-251.Ludwigsburg, in January 2013Ute Bitz

History of tradition: The Department of Justice, created in 1807, was upgraded to the Ministry of Justice in 1808/09, but was abolished in 1819. Its tasks were initially performed by the Ministry of the Interior and the Court of Appeal, but then mainly by the Justice Section set up within the Ministry of State. But as early as 1825 the Ministry of Justice was newly established. In the years 1871-1876 it was also responsible for foreign affairs, 1871-1881 for the Grand Ducal House and 1881-1911 for cult and education, science and art. In 1911 - as in 1871 - the departments of the Grand Duke's House, Justice and Foreign Affairs were merged, but in 1919 the new Baden constitution was to reduce the Ministry of Justice to its actual core areas again. In 1933, the two ministries of justice and cult and education were reunited. In 1934, within the framework of the National Socialist Gleichschaltung, his powers were transferred to the Reich Ministry of Justice. Processing: The previous card index was digitised with the support of the DFG in 2012. The title recordings were checked, supplemented if necessary and rearranged. The old tape repertory for the personnel and examination files (1999) was incorporated into the finding aid. Content: In addition to the files of the Ministry of Justice itself, the collection also contains documents of the Justice Examination Office, the two Protestant and Catholic church sections (from 1843 Oberkirchenräte) located at the Ministry of the Interior as well as the Compensation Commission for the distribution of church property in the Rhine-Palatinate.

In: Wehrmedizinische Monatsschrift 27, 1983, S. 129 - 134.

1 On the biography of Walther Reinhardt: Walther Reinhardt was born in Stuttgart on 24 March 1872 as the son of the then captain August Reinhardt. He attended the Gymnasium in Ulm, the Lyceum in Ludwigsburg and the Gymnasium in Heilbronn. Afterwards he changed to the Kadettenanstalt in Oranienstein and to the Hauptkadettenanstalt Groß-Lichterfelde. On 9 February 1891 Reinhardt joined the Grenadier regiment of Queen Olga No. 119 as Portepeefähnrich. In 1892 he was promoted to lieutenant, in 1897 he was appointed to war academy and subsequently commanded as lieutenant in service at the Great General Staff. Three years later, on March 10, 1904, Reinhardt was promoted to Captain, leaving the Grand General Staff in office. On April 22, 1905, he joined the General Staff of the XV Army Corps in Strasbourg before serving as Company Commander in the Infantry Regiment Alt-Württemberg No. 121 in Ludwigsburg from February 25, 1907 to April 19, 1909. On 20 April 1909 Reinhardt was transferred to the General Staff of the 26th (1st Kgl.-Württ.) Division. He returned to the Grand General Staff as Major on September 10, 1910. On 3 November 1912 he was assigned to the General Command of the XIIIth (Kgl.-Württ.) Army Corps. Reinhardt was a staff officer of the XIII Army Corps and on August 2, 1914 he entered the First World War. He was appointed Chief of the General Staff of the Württemberg Army Corps on 23 January 1915. On 18 May 1915 he was appointed lieutenant colonel. From June 1916 to February 1917 Reinhardt held various command posts, each of which he held for only a few months or even a few weeks. From 26 June to 16 July 1916 he was commander of infantry regiment 118, before becoming chief of staff of the XVII Army Corps from 17 July to 20 November 1916. On 21 November 1916 he took over the post of Chief of Staff of the 11th Army in Macedonia. The appointment as Chief of Staff of the High Command of the 7th Army on 10 February 1917 led him back to the Western Front. On 23 May 1917 Reinhardt was awarded the Order of Pour le Mérite with oak leaves for his achievements in the conquest of the Chemin des Dames. He also received the Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with swords for his military achievements. On April 18, 1918, Reinhardt was promoted to colonel, and by cabinet order of November 4, 1918, Reinhardt was transferred to the Prussian War Ministry to organize the demobilization of the army. Two months later, on January 2, 1919, Reinhardt took over the office of Prussian War Minister. After the dissolution of the Imperial Army, Reinhardt became the first Chief of Staff of the new Imperial Army on 13 September 1919. During this time he was also appointed Major General. Only a few months after taking over his new duties, Reinhardt resigned as Chief of Staff at the end of March 1920, following the Kapp Putsch, and took over the Döberitz apprentice brigade for a short time before becoming Commander-in-Chief of the Wehrkreiskommando V in Stuttgart as Lieutenant General on 15 May 1920. In personal union he exercised the functions of a commander of the 5th division as well as the state commander of Württemberg. He retained his position as commander of the military district command V for almost five years. On 1 January 1925 Reinhardt was appointed commander-in-chief of Group Command 2 in Kassel. Two years later, in December 1927, he retired from the army and took charge of a course for older officers. These "Reinhardt courses" lasted beyond the death of their creator until 1932/1933. Furthermore, he devoted himself to the preparation of publications mainly on military and historical topics. Walther Reinhardt died in Berlin on August 8, 1930. 2 On the estate of Walther Reinhardt: The estate of Walther Reinhardt comprises documents from his military service as well as private correspondence. In addition, manuscripts for lectures and publications, which Reinhardt wrote above all after his retirement from military service, form a not inconsiderable part. The documents are supplemented by Reinhardt's collections of newspaper clippings, particularly from the years 1918/1919, most of which were in the possession of Reinhardt's daughter Lotte Reinhardt, Director of Studies, after his death on August 8, 1930. On September 7, 1939, the latter handed over 13 tufts of files and three war diaries to the former Heeresarchiv Stuttgart, and on September 11, 1940, further archival documents, namely photographs (some of them in albums), newspaper clippings, and official personnel reminders. The documents from Reinhardt's estate were arranged chronologically in the army archives, stapled into folders and recorded. The repertory with a foreword by Major General Sieglin was available on 15 October 1940, and a small part of Reinhardt's estate was handed over to the Potsdam Army Archives shortly after his death. In a letter dated 11 September 1940, the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart attempted to obtain the transfer of this part of the estate in order to merge it with the Stuttgart holdings in process at that time. On 23 October 1940, however, the Heeresarchiv Potsdam announced that Reinhardt had "no private records" in his custody. The Heeresarchiv Stuttgart does not seem to have made any further attempts to gain possession of the Potsdam partial estate. Since the Heeresarchiv Potsdam was destroyed immediately before the end of the Second World War and most of its holdings were destroyed, the documents handed over there from Reinhardt's property are presumably lost today.17 February 1961 Lotte Reinhardt handed over to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, which had meanwhile taken over most of the holdings of the former Heeresarchiv Stuttgart, further documents of her father in her possession (letters, records, drafts, printed matter, newspaper clippings). In the summer of 1964, Oberstaatsarchivrat Dr. Uhland ordered and listed these archival records, which were then combined with the older holdings. The collection folders bound by the Army Archives were dissolved several times in order to be able to chronologically classify pieces belonging to them. These studies also showed that the recording in the Army Archives was incomplete, and in some cases incorrect. The new holdings comprised 56 folders, which were structured according to the chronological order method of the Army Archives. In some of the tufts formed, subfascicles were formed. Before the transfer to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart, Lotte Reinhardt had made available the estate of her father, Professor Fritz Ernst (Heidelberg), in her possession, who used it for a publication (Ernst, Fritz: Aus dem Nachlass des General Walther Reinhardt, Stuttgart 1958). It seems that individual pieces remained with Professor Ernst and that even after his death (22 December 1963) they no longer came to the owner. Between 1964 and 1987, his daughter Lotte Reinhardt repeatedly submitted documents from the estate of Walther Reinhardt. On December 29, 1964, Lotte Reinhardt handed over newspaper clippings and writings. There were also copies made by Professor Ernst. The archival documents were sorted, recorded and placed to the corresponding bundle numbers. In addition, two new tufts were formed. This increased the size of the estate to 58 folders. Lotte Reinhardt also handed over further archival records on 27 August 1969, 7 March 1970, 12 March 1973, 6 February 1978, April 1978, 16 August 1978 and 26 January 1987, mainly to Walther Reinhardt for private correspondence (letters to parents, wife, children) and newspaper clippings. The M 660/034 holdings were reopened in September 2010 by the candidate Sylvia Günteroth under the guidance of Dr. Wolfgang Mährle. In the course of this work, a classification of the documents was carried out which replaced the previous chronological order. The allocation of the documents that had been archived until 1964 to individual clusters and the division of these archive units into subfascicles have been retained. The existing title recordings were carefully revised. The previously unrecorded archival records that had been archived between 1969 and 1987 were sorted and recorded. The estate of Walther Reinhardt now comprises 89 tufts with a total volume of 1.6 linear metres. 3. References to sources and literature: Sources:- Walther Reinhardt's personal file: M 430/2 Bü 1684;- Biographical documents: E 130b Bü 235, Q 3/60 Bü 29, Q 3/60 Bü 32, Q 3/60 Bü 47; M 743/1 Bü 11- Photographs: Q 3/60 Bü 32; M 703 R 170N19; M 703 R190N10; M 703 R191N17; M 707 Nr. 1213; M 743/1 Bü 11Publications Walther Reinhardt's (selection):- Reinhardt, Walther: Six Months West Front: Campaign Experiences of an Artillery Officer in Belgium, Flanders and the Champagne, 3rd edition, Berlin 1915 - Reinhardt, Walther: In der Picardie: Pictures from the position war in the west, 3rd edition, Berlin 1917 - Reinhardt, Walther/Zenker, Hans: Wehrwille und Wehrgedanke in Deutschlands Jugend: 2 lectures at the Freusburger Schulungswoche 1929, Berlin-Charlottenburg 1930 - Reinhardt, Walther: George Washington. Die Geschichte einer Staatsgründung, Frankfurt 1931 - Reinhardt, Walther: Wehrkraft und Wehrwille: aus seinem Nachlass mit einer Lebensbeschreibung Walther Reinhardt, Berlin 1932 Literature: - Ernst, Fritz: Aus dem Nachlass des General Walther Reinhardt, Stuttgart 1958.- Kohlhaas, Wilhelm: Walther Reinhardt: General der Infanterie, 1872-1930, in: Lebensbilder aus Schwaben und Franken, 17th volume, Stuttgart 1991, pp. 306-316 - Mulligan, William: The creation of the modern German Army: General Walther Reinhardt and the Weimar Republic, 1914-1930, New York 2005.Stuttgart, May 2011Dr. Wolfgang MährleSylvia Günteroth

Contains: - Reports of the Former German Missions in Tanganyika Territory East Africa to the Commission on Younger Churches and Orphaned Missions of the National Lutheran Council of America" 1951 (ed., 94 p.) - "Mbuya ya vandu vuu. (Monthly leaf of the Lutheran parishes of Kilimanjaro and the neighbouring mountains)." Moshi, 1st year, October 1904-September 1905 - Fiedler, K.: Christianity and African culture - Conservative German missionaries in Tanzania 1900-1940 (manuscript with corrections; excerpts) with accompanying letter Fiedler an Jaeschke (Ratingen 1982) - Kiethe, S. und Drephal o. - E.: Theological final examination 1964 at the Theological Seminary of the Evangelical Lutheran Mission in Leipzig. Large term paper: Systematic theology. Topic: The church critically presented in the view of Bruno Gutmann on the basis of his book "Church Building from the Gospel". (typing; 58 or 50 p.) - Jaeschke, E.; Boehner, K.: Maisha ya Dk. Dk. Bruno Gutmann. Mwanafunzi na Mchungaji wa Wachaga. o.J. (Computer printout; 16 p.) - Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Annual Report, Moshi 1981. (English; typewritten; 72 p.) - Kordes, H.: The ambivalent adventure of foreign educational aid in the poor world. Illustrated by the example of the "Ruralization" of primary schools in Dahomey (West Africa) o.J. (printed; with photos; copy; 5 p.) - special prints from the Schwabacher Tagblatt November 1975. "Who wants to help Africa, must provide water" for the 90th birthday of Missionary Pätzig - Erlangen 1976. Mission work of the Ev.-luth. Church in Bavaria. Africa Department. Tanzaniainformation 1/76 and 2/76 (20 and 9 p. respectively) - Nkoaranga 1975. Stroothenke an Jurkeit (typewritten; 8 p.) - Ruf, W.: Reiseerfahrungen in Tanzania. Report for the Board of the Leipzig Mission (1972) (typewritten; 5 p.)

Content and evaluation The collection also contains files of the Mosbach district administration existing from 1863-1939, which comprised the districts of Adelsheim, Buchen, Mosbach, Tauberbischofsheim and Wertheim (cf. especially the Generalia section: "Kreis- und Bezirksverbände").

Preliminary remark: Most of the building files listed in this finding aid book were handed over to the State Archives by the District Office Ludwigsburg in the years 1963 to 1976. Smaller subsequent deliveries were made up to 1985. The present collection consists of documents on all municipalities of the Altkreis Ludwigsburg with the exception of the Großer Kreisstadt Kornwestheim. However, only two construction files refer to the large district town of Ludwigsburg. These have apparently been transferred to the State Archives in another context. The holdings mainly contain the years 1939 to 1959. In some municipalities, the tradition ends with the year 1954. The documents on the municipality of Bietigheim even date back only to 1944. On the other hand, the holdings still contain individual building files of the upper office of Besigheim, which was dissolved in 1938, which were continued by the successor authority. The documents relating to the municipality of Marbach relate primarily to submissions and complaints in building matters, but not to building permit procedures. For the period before 1939, reference is made to the inventories F 154 II (Besigheim upper office), F 181 III (Ludwigsburg upper office) and F 182 II (Marbach upper office). Since there can be several years between the submission of the building application and the granting of the building permit or the closing of the file, the duration of the stock actually extends up to the beginning of the seventies. in the title entries the name and the occupation (or the company) of the builder, his place of residence (or his place of business), if this differs from the place of construction, the construction diary no. (or the construction case no.), if applicable the approval date as well as the extent and the duration of the file are indicated. The building project is only mentioned in the Contained Note if it is not the new construction of a residential building. The title entries are first in alphabetical order of location, then sorted by year, whereby the year of the building diary number is decisive for the temporal allocation. Within the individual vintages an alphabetical order according to the names (and/or the companies) of the owners took place. the building files united in the present inventory were registered in the years 1980 to 1983 by the gentlemen Manfred Korreng (Aldingen - Beihingen) and Hans Schürle (Benningen - Erdmannshausen) as well as by Mrs. Anita Hundsdörfer (Erligheim - Winzerhausen). Mr. Alfred Ibrom worked on individual latecomers. The supplements to the municipalities Neckargröningen, Tamm and Walheim as well as Großsachsenheim, Kleinsachsenheim and Unterriexingen were prepared by Eberhard Royek in January 1995. The documents listed in the supplements for the latter three were taken from the FL 20/18 II (Landratsamt Vaihingen). The cataloguing was supervised by Wolfgang Schneider, archivist, Dr. Franz Mögle-Hofacker, State Archives Councillor, Udo Herkert, Archives Inspector, and Udo Schäfer, Archives Councillor. 17748 tufts in 107.5 metres of shelving were included in the holdings FL 20/12 I, the tufts having spring-numbers. The order numbers were assigned in accordance with numerus currens.Ludwigsburg, January 1995Udo Schäfer

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon brought the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810 almost a doubling of its territory and an enormous expansion of its population, as well as in 1803 the elevation first to electorate and in 1806 finally to grand duchy. This increase in the size of the country and its people made it imperative that the heterogeneous political system be restructured and unified in administrative terms. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 served the realization of this goal. In addition to the Privy Council and Deputy Minister Johann Nicolaus Friedrich Brauer (1754 - 1813), it was the Baden State and Cabinet Minister Sigismund von Reitzenstein (1766 - 1847) who played a decisive role in the reorganization and administrative modernization of the Grand Duchy. The Organisational Edict of 26 October 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 sovereign and 53 ranked offices. While the latter were gradually abolished again by 1849 at the latest, the total number of district offices and upper offices was reduced in the course of time by merging and abolishing them. originally the district offices were purely state authorities and as such primarily responsible for general state administration, but also had to perform tasks of the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - of the judiciary, in particular civil jurisdiction. As sub authorities they were subordinated to the district directorates as middle instances - the district office Villingen created in 1809 first to the directorate of the Danube district with seat in Villingen. In 1819 the Donaukreis was dissolved and united with the Seekreis. The originally ten district directorates, named after rivers (exception: Seekreis), were replaced by the district governments of the four districts - Seekreis, Oberrheinkreis, Mittelrheinkreis, Unterheinkreis - with the organisational reform of the year 1832 and the district office Villingen was subordinated to the government of the Seekreis. Finally, the Law on the Organization of Internal Administration of October 5, 1863 abolished the district governments without substitution as the medium instances of state administration and subordinated the district offices directly to the Ministry of Interior. As a link between local and central authorities, the law of 1863 (amended 1865) installed four state commissionariats - Constance, Freiburg, Karlsruhe, Mannheim - each headed by a state commissioner who had a seat and vote in the ministry. The district office Villingen was assigned to the Sprengel of the Landeskommissariat Konstanz. Furthermore, in 1864, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as local self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, retaining the district offices as state administrative authorities. The district association Villingen with seat in Villingen comprised the national administrative districts Donaueschingen, Triberg (up to its dissolution in the year 1924) and Villingen. State organ with the district federations was the administrative official of the district, in which the district federation had its seat, as a district captain. Thus the executive committee of the district office Villingen was in personal union at the same time district captain of the district association Villingen. The corporate body of the district association was the district assembly of elected members. The district association Villingen is thus the actual "ancestor" of the former administrative district Villingen and/or, since 1973, of the today's administrative district Schwarzwald-Baar as local self-administration body. Already in 1924 the name for the executive committee of the administrative district had been changed into Landrat. By the administrative district order of 24 June 1939 the 1864 established district federations were abolished and replaced by districts. In the Nazi dictatorship, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration were only on paper, since the decision-making and decision-making powers were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, who was assisted by three to six district councils only in an advisory capacity. Area and authority of the new administrative district Villingen as local self-administration body was now congruent with the administrative district of the state administration. In the reorganization of the administration after the end of the war in 1945, the legal supervision of the districts, which now became real local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimation, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (South) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, the Regional Council of South Baden took its place as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden - since the administrative reform of 1971, the Regional Council and the administrative district of Freiburg, respectively. The district and later district administration office of Villingen underwent repeated changes from its establishment in 1809 to the year 1952, especially in the first half of the 19th century. In 1834, the administrative district of Villingen comprised 25 municipalities in addition to the town of Villingen itself: Biesingen, Dauchingen, Dürrheim, Fischbach, Grüningen, Kappel, Klengen, Königsfeld, Marbach, Mönchweiler, Neuhausen, Niedereschach, Oberbaldingen, Obereschach, Oberkirnach, Öfingen, Pfaffenweiler, Rietheim, Schabenhausen, Stockburg, Sunthausen, Überauchen, Unterkirnach, Weiler and Weilersbach. In 1850, the city of Vöhrenbach and the municipalities of Langenbach, Linach and Schönenbach were assigned to the administrative district of Villingen from the administrative district of Triberg. The latter received further growth in 1857, when the official district of Hornberg was merged with that of Triberg, namely the towns and municipalities of Brigach, Buchenberg, Peterzell and St. Georgen. When the district office of Hornberg was dissolved in 1924, further towns were added to the Sprengel of the district office of Villingen. The law on the new division of the internal administration of 30 June 1936 did not bring any serious changes to the district office, but since 1939 the district administration office of Villingen, on the other hand, did not bring any serious changes to its district: only the municipality of Grüningen had to be handed over to the district or district administration office of Donaueschingen.The changes in the district of Villingen as a result of the district reform, which came into force on 1 January 1973, with the formation of the district of Schwarzwald-Baar by unification of the districts of Villingen and Donaueschingen are outside the period under consideration and are therefore not mentioned. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Villingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 748/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /7, /8, B 812/1b) E 33/1c) G 24/1, /3, /4, G 28/1d) W 499The holdings mentioned under a) were first combined to form the holdings B 748/1 (new). In a second step, the inventory mentioned under b), which had been formed by the separation of preproveniences from file deliveries of the Freiburg Regional Council, was integrated into the inventory B 748/1 (new) of the Villingen District Office. Thirdly, all files of the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Villingen with a term up to and including 1952 were taken from the holdings mentioned under c) and transferred to the present holdings. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, even files with a term beyond 1952 were included in B 748/1.Fourthly, all files of the provenance "Landratsamt Villingen" from the provisional stock W 499, which contains the written material from the stocks 129 to 228 of the General State Archives Karlsruhe, which reached the State Archives of Freiburg at the time of the mutual equalisation of holdings, were also incorporated. The pre-signature 1 contains the last signature used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new indexing and the pre-signature 2 the penultimate signature used in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives. The present holdings were recorded by David Boomers, Joanna Genkova, Edgar Hellwig and Wolfgang Lippke. Dr. Christof Strauß was responsible for the planning, organisation and coordination of the work, final correction and final editing of the finding aid was carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 748/1 now comprises 5768 fascicles after its redrawing and measures 60.70 lfd.m.Freiburg, December 2009 Edgar Hellwig

Preliminary remark: The law of 13 August 1865 (Reg. Bl. p. 243) prescribed the maintenance of commercial registers in Württemberg. The provisions of the Commercial Register were clarified in the order of 31 October 1865 (Reg. Bl. S. 448ff). The commercial register was therefore divided into two main sections, namely a register for sole proprietorships and a register for companies; the latter included all public limited companies (AG), limited partnerships on shares (KGaA) and limited liability companies (GmbH), and in the period in question also limited partnerships (KG) and general partnerships (OHG). Initially, 4 commercial courts in Stuttgart, Heilbronn, Ulm and Reutlingen kept the commercial registers; after the Württemberg judicial reform of 1868, the (higher) district courts were responsible (Reg. Bl. p. 410). Until 1924, the district court district of Stuttgart-Stadt encompassed the area of the Stuttgart city directorate (excluding Cannstatt, Untertürkheim and Wangen). As a result of the administrative and court reform of 1923/24, the district court of Stuttgart-Amt was dissolved (see inventory F 305); the Sprengel was assigned - with the exception of Feuerbach - to the district court of Stuttgart-Stadt (now: Stuttgart I) (Reg. Bl. von 1924, p. 71). After the dissolution of the Stuttgart Higher Administrative Office in 1938, the court district was also adapted to the administrative boundaries; a large part of the towns fell to the Esslingen and Böblingen District Courts. The commercial register files recorded in this repertory were handed over to the State Archives by the Stuttgart District Court in 1984. They span the period from 1865 to 1938 and include not only sole proprietorships, but also all forms of corporate firms. 1986/87 the files were recorded and packaged by the temporary employee Margot Göbel and various students of the company under the supervision of Nikolaus Back. The undersigned revised the title records with regard to computer-assisted data acquisition using the "MIDEREGA" data processing mask from the "MIDOSA" program package of the Baden-Württemberg State Archive Administration. Hildegard Aufderklamm got the fair copy. Ulrike Leuchtweis completed the final corrections and revision of the index. Ludwigsburg, March 1990Dr. Nicole Bickhoff-Böttcher On December 10, 1992, the district court of Stuttgart delivered its commercial register volumes from 1865 to 1937 to the state archives of Ludwigsburg (access 1992/100). The volumes were signed and recorded at the end of 1993 by Hans Jürgen Seifried under the guidance of the undersigned. In the course of this, three volumes (previous signatures F 303 II Bü 529-531) already existing in fonds F 303 II were assigned to the fonds FL 300/31 II (Genossenschaftsregister) under new signatures of the volume series. Ulrike Leuchtweis, January 1994 In the course of the archive-fair repackaging of the files and the retro conversion of the finding aid book 2006-2009 the past collecting fascicles of the existence were dissolved. Each commercial register file received an individual tuft number, so that the old tufts 1-528 were re-signed into the new tufts 1-4484. The old tuft numbers are noted under pre-signature 3. The comparison between the finding aid register and the files showed that some files were not recorded in the finding aid register. These were subsequently recorded as tufts 4485-4501. The number of the last commercial register entry is noted in the file title after the company name (e.g. E 1/148: Volume 1 of the register for individual companies, Sheet 148). According to this number the find book is now also sorted. Vorsignatur 2 names the file number of the local court Ulrike Leuchtweis, September 2009

History of the authorities: After the National Socialists seized power, special courts were added to the existing criminal courts on the basis of the decree of the Reich government of 21 March 1933 (RGBl. I p. 136). The legal basis for this was Chapter II of Part Six of the 3rd Ordinance of the Reich President of 6 October 1931 on Securing the Economy and Finance and Combating Political Violence (RGBl. I p. 565). The special courts were formed for the Higher Regional Court districts and were composed of a chairman and two assessors. The special court rulings were not subject to appeal. By decree of 27 March 1933 on the formation of special courts (Bad. Justizministerialblatt Nr. 6 vom 28.3.1933, p. 47), Mannheim was designated as the seat of the special court for the Karlsruhe Higher Regional Court district. The public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court was the prosecuting authority. The registry of the Mannheim Regional Court was also the registry of the Special Court. The allocation of business to the Special Court was made by the President of the Long Court. With effect from 1 November 1940, a separate special court was formed at the Freiburg Regional Court for the districts of Freiburg, Constance, Offenburg and Waldshut. The jurisdiction of the special courts was generally governed by the following provisions:1. § 8 of the Law against Betrayal of the German National Economy of 12.6.1933 (RGBl. I p. 360);2nd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State of 28.2.1933 (RGBl. I p. 83);3rd Ordinance of the Reich President for the Defence against Insidious Attacks against the Government of the National Survey of 21.3.1933 (RGBl. I p. 135);4. law against insidious attacks on state and party and for the protection of party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269);5. law for the guarantee of the right peace of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 13.10.1933 (RGBl. I p. 723);6. law for the protection of the party uniforms of 20.12.1934 (RGBl. I p. 1269) 134 b Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 24.9.1935 (RGBl. I p. 136);7. § 134 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch according to the ordinance of the Reich government of 5.2.1936 (RGBl. I p. 97);8. ordinance of 20.11.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1632) for crimes that belonged to the jurisdiction of the jury court or a lower court if immediate conviction appeared necessary;9th Ordinance on Extraordinary Broadcasting Measures of 1.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1683);10. § 1 of the War Economy Ordinance of 4.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1609);11. § 1 of the Ordinance Against Popular Pests of 5.9.1939 (RGBl. I p. 1679);12. §§ 1, 2 of the Ordinance Against Violent Criminals of 5.12.1939 (RGBl. I p. 2378);13. § 239 a Reichsstrafgesetzbuch;14. Law against road theft by means of car traps of 22.6.1938 (RGBl. I p. 651);15. § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance of 17.8.1938 (RGBl. I p. 1455): according to decree of the Reich Ministry of Justice of 27.5.In 1940, after the jurisdiction of the Wehrmacht courts to convict civilians for criminal offences under § 5 of the War Special Criminal Law Ordinance had been transferred to the general courts, the prosecuting authorities were instructed to bring charges before the Special Court in all significant cases.16Furthermore, charges could be brought before the Special Court for violations of the Act Implementing the Four-Year Plan of 29 October 1936 and of the Ordinance on Penalties and Criminal Proceedings for Violations of Price Regulations of 3 June 1939. History: The establishment of the special court in Mannheim as a department of the regional court there was not without difficulties. The frequent change of court referees had an effect on the conduct of official business. This had a negative effect not least on file management. The office was located in Heidelberg during the war. The court partially met in Karlsruhe. As a result of the district events, the special court files were partially destroyed. Many files were sent to other judicial authorities at the end of the war. During the occupation of the court building in Heidelberg in the spring of 1945, the files of the special court registry were thrown into the cellar, all lacings were loosened and so disordered that the context of the individual case-related documents no longer existed. Some of the files were outsourced by the occupying power in various places. In the summer of 1948, the written material was successively returned to the public prosecutor's office at the Mannheim Regional Court and, from 1976 onwards, several partial deliveries were made to the General State Archives. Order and distortion: The present collection is divided into two main parts. The first part lists the procedural and investigative files. From the years 1933 and 1934, only the reference files of the trial files have survived; of the investigation files, with a few exceptions, the years 1933 to 1935 are completely missing. Since, however, the process and investigation registers recorded in the second part of the finding aid have been preserved, at least the activity of the court can be reconstructed. The entries in the register are shown in a selection in this finding aid (cases for which no files are available). 1976 Mr. Wilhelm Steinbach began with the title entries. The completion or revision was carried out by the undersigned.Karlsruhe, in January 1993Manfred Hennhöfer[slightly revised version of the preface from 1993] Conversion: In 2015, the indexing data were converted to fonds 507 and processed into the available online finding aids. For technical reasons, the structure of the data and the structure of the data records had to be changed. However, the content of the indexing information was retained in its entirety. Alexander Hoffmann was responsible for the conversion and data import, while Dorota Wendler and the undersigned, Karlsruhe, were responsible for editorial work related to the import. In February 2016, Dr. Martin Stingl, published references to the literature: Hans Wüllenweber: Special dishes in the Third Reich. Forgotten crimes of justice. Frankfurt a.M. 1990.Christiane Oehler: The jurisdiction of the special court Mannheim 1933¿1945. Berlin 1997.Homepage of the Arbeitskreis Justiz Mannheim e.V.: http://www.akjustiz-mannheim.de/ .

History of the authorities: The territorial reorganization of Germany by Napoleon almost doubled the territory of the former margraviate of Baden between 1803 and 1810. In 1803 it was elevated to the status of electorate and in 1806 to that of grand duchy. This made it necessary to restructure and standardize the administrative structures of the administratively heterogeneous state. The organizational edicts issued between 1806 and 1809 divided the Grand Duchy of Baden into 66 provincial and 53 municipal offices. The offices of the rank were abolished until 1849 or converted into the offices of the sovereign. The number of district offices in Baden was significantly reduced by mergers and abolitions in the course of the 19th and 20th centuries.Originally, the district offices were purely state authorities and as such were primarily responsible for general state administration and for state supervision of the activities of municipal administrations in their respective districts, but they were also responsible for the police and - until the establishment of their own court organisation in 1857 - the judiciary, in particular civil justice. The district office Überlingen belonged to the Seekreis. The administrative reform of 1832 replaced the meanwhile remaining six district directorates as central authorities by the district governments of four districts and assigned the district Überlingen to the Seekreis. In 1864 these four districts were dissolved and the district offices were directly subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior. At the same time, the Grand Duchy was divided into eleven district associations as municipal self-governing bodies without state responsibilities, and the district of Überlingen became part of the Constance District. The district offices and district associations were combined into four state commissioner districts for the purpose of handling state administrative supervision. At their head was a state commissioner with a seat and vote in the Grand Ducal Ministry of the Interior. The district office Überlingen was added to the Landeskommissärbezirk Konstanz. 1864 established district federations were abolished in 1939 and the districts were renamed in districts starting from 1 January; their leaders carried already since 1924 the title district administrator. The district administrations thus became a mixed construction of state administration and local self-administration. During the National Socialist era, however, their formally maintained powers of self-administration existed only on paper, since the decision-making powers and powers of decision were transferred from the district assembly to the district chairman appointed by the Ministry of the Interior, to whom three to six district councillors merely advised. When the administration was reorganised after the end of the war in 1945, legal supervision of the districts, which continued to perform state functions but now really also became local self-governing bodies with democratic legitimacy, was initially transferred from the state commissioners to the (southern) Baden Ministry of the Interior. After the formation of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, it was replaced by the Regional Council of South Baden as the central authority for the administrative district of South Baden. During the district reform in 1973, the district of Überlingen was dissolved and most of the municipalities were assigned to the Lake Constance district, the municipalities of the northern district came to the district of Sigmaringen. The Überlingen district underwent various changes over time, the largest being in 1936 when the Pfullendorf district office was abolished and merged with the Überlingen district. Inventory history: Before the beginning of the registration work, the files of the Überlingen District Office were distributed among the following holdings:a) B 747/1, /2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /8, /9, and /10 b) S 24/1 and /2 c) G 27/2, /3, /4, /5, /6, /9, /10, /11, /12, /13, /14, /16, /17, /18, /19, /21, /22, and /25The holdings listed under a) were first combined to form holdings B 747/1 (new). In the process, foreign provenances with a term ending after 1806 and before 1952 were taken and assigned to other holdings of the Freiburg State Archives according to their provenance. The stock B 747/9 was completely integrated into the stock B 729/9 district office Pfullendorf. The holdings B 747/4 and /10 were completely merged into B 747/1 (new).the files from the holdings mentioned under c) with the provenance Bezirksamt/Landratsamt Überlingen were incorporated into B 747/1 (new). From all three groups of holdings, files with a term ending before 1806 and after 1952 were separated and handed over to the General State Archive Karlsruhe or to the Archive of the Lake Constance District. The holdings G 27/17, /18, /19 and /25 went completely to the archives of the Lake Constance district. In well-founded exceptional cases, such as when the proportion of documents created after 1952 in a file was limited to a few documents, files with a term beyond 1952 were also included in B 747/1 (new). Notes on use:Concordances in the printed version of the finding aid book for B 747/1 (new) show all presignatures of the individual files. The signature last used in the Freiburg State Archives before the new recording is found under Presignature 1 and the signature second to last in the Freiburg State Archives or the signature formerly used in the Karlsruhe General State Archives under Presignature 2. The present holdings were recorded by Edgar Hellwig, Annette Riek, Christina Röhrenbeck, Annika Scheumann and Anja Steeger. Planning, organisation and coordination as well as final correction and final editing of the finding aid were carried out by the undersigned. The stock B 747/1 comprises 10886 fascicles and measures 94 lfd.m.Freiburg, November 2014Annette Riek

History of Tradition Dr. Ernst von Scheurlen, retired Ministerialrat, did not leave any testamentary disposition over the documents. Since 1945 at the latest, these had been in the house of his oldest daughter Katharina Schmidt, née Scheurlen, who, after her death on 3 January 1989, took over her son Karl Schmidt, a retired pastor. There - in the spirit of Ernst von Scheurlen - they were accessible to all relatives and were occasionally inspected by individuals. For the transfer to the Main State Archives in Stuttgart, the consideration that there would be no comparable place of secure storage in the relatives in the future was decisive. As a result, a deposit agreement was concluded between Mr Karl Schmidt and the Landesarchiv Baden-Württemberg on 1 December 2008. Content and Evaluation Karl Scheurlen ( 1824, 1872) Karl Scheurlen was born on 3 Sept. 1824 in Tübingen, where his father Karl Christian Friedrich Scheurlen was professor of law. He attended school there and in Stuttgart, where his father had been appointed to the Obertribunal in 1839. He studied law in Tübingen from 1841 to 1846 and then completed his legal clerkship. In 1847 he became court actuary at the Heilbronn Higher District Court. During the revolutionary events of 1848, Karl Scheurlen adopted an emphatically conservative attitude. In 1850 he was appointed public prosecutor in Esslingen. In 1851 he was appointed Assessor of Justice and Public Prosecutor in Ellwangen, where he married Katharina Pfreundt in 1852. From 1856 on Karl Scheurlen was chief magistrate in Mergentheim, from 1863 chief justice councillor in Esslingen and from 1865 lecturing councillor in the Ministry of Justice. Together with his friend, the then Obertribunalrat von Mittnacht, Karl Scheurlen was commissioned by the Minister of Justice of Neurath to work out the principles of a judicial reform which Mittnacht, since 1867 Minister of Justice, completed in 1868 and 1869. Karl Scheurlen's ascent had also continued in 1867 with his appointment to the Privy Council; however, his two attempts to acquire a Landtag mandate failed. By decree of 23 March 1870, Karl Scheurlen was appointed head of the Department of Home Affairs and Minister of the Interior on 17 July of the same year. This appointment took place at the time of a domestic political crisis: 45 members of the Württemberg state parliament had refused in the spring to approve the military budget, the rejection of which would have made Württemberg meet its obligations from the 1866 Protection and Defense Alliance with Prussia, which was widely unpopular. The fact that the broad resistance against the military budget unexpectedly subsided can be traced back to the French declaration of war of 15 July 1870. After the new elections of 1871, which were announced with reference to the political reorganization of Germany after the Franco-German War, Karl Scheurlen found himself faced with a well-meaning majority among the members of parliament. He himself was also elected as a deputy twice, in Gaildorf and Künzelsau; he accepted the election in Gaildorf. His death on April 1, 1872, caused by a heart condition, came as a surprise. Karl Scheurlen cultivated lively literary and artistic interests in addition to his work in justice and politics. He wrote numerous verses and poems. His talent for drawing is particularly remarkable; he used it, among other things, to make numerous sketches of accused persons and judicial officials during his time at court, or to illustrate the "Amtspflege", the organ of the Hauffei, his Tübingen student fraternity. Many of his drawings have a humorous character; self-portraits and depictions of family members and acquaintances are extremely frequent. Ernst von Scheurlen ( 1863, 1952) Ernst von Scheurlen was born in Mergentheim on Feb. 5, 1863, the youngest of six children of the later Minister of the Interior, Karl Scheurlen, and his wife Katharina Scheurlen. After school he studied medicine in Berlin, where he received his doctorate in 1885. After his state examination from 1887 to 1891, he worked there as an assistant doctor at the Charité and the Reich Health Office; bacteriology and hygiene were already the focal points of his scientific interest at this time. The marriage to Sophie von Möller (1889), who belonged to a family of German descent from the then Russian Narwa, also took place during this period. In 1893 Ernst von Scheurlen became a battalion doctor in Strasbourg. At the same time he taught hygiene and bacteriology at the Technical University in Stuttgart and at the University of Strasbourg in 1893-1894 and 1895-1897 respectively. He also headed the hygiene and bacteriology department of the large garrison hospital in Stuttgart. In 1897 he took up a position as a medical councillor at the Königlich Württembergischen Medizinalkollegium. His tasks included working for the State Insurance Institute, the Trade Supervisory Office, the Reich Health Council, in the management of the Medical State Investigation Office, etc. It is due to his activities that the city of Stuttgart received its central sewage treatment plant during the First World War. During the entire First World War, Ernst von Scheurlen was involved as a hygienist in disease control and water supply at various sections of the Western and Eastern fronts. After the First World War, he devoted himself in particular to water supply, crop control and blood group research. He has written down his research results in numerous publications. He retired in 1930, but this did not mean the end of his scientific career; his last publication dates from 1950, two years before his death on Oct. 8, 1952 at the age of 89. In addition to his scientific work, Ernst von Scheurlen documented the history of his family from about 1800 with great dedication. For this purpose he combined numerous pictures, sketches, poems and letters of his father, who died at an early age, with other collection material and supplemented, explained and commented this material by a written representation of the family history.

Contains: - Moshi 1939. Certificate of Registration. Tanganyika Territory. Mrs. Mergner - Moshi 1937. Tanganyika Territory Driving Licence. Mr. Mergner - Erlangen 1947. Erlanger Central Office of the Leipzig Mission ("Mission Confirmation" for Mr. Mergner) - Erlangen 1948. Erlanger Central Office of the Leipzig Mission ("Official Certificate" for Mr. Mergner) - Munich 1948. Ev.-Landeskirchenrat ("Dauer-Dienstreisebescheinigung" for Mr. Mergner) - Erlangen 1948. Erlangen Central Office of the Leipzig Mission ("Arbeits-Ausweis" for Mr. Mergner) - Leipzig 1938. Contract between the College of the Evangelical Lutheran Mission and Mrs. Mergner - Leipzig 1938. Contract between the College of the Evangelical Lutheran Mission and Mrs. Mergner - Leipzig 1938. Contract between the College of the Evangelical Lutheran Mission and Mrs. Mergner - Leipzig 1938.luth. mission and Mr. Mergner - Würzburg 1929: "Certificate of the examination board in Würzburg about the dental preliminary examination of the student of dentistry" for Zill - Lippstadt 1931. Ev. hospital (certificate for Mr. Mergner; 2-fold) - Ludwigslust 1931. Diakonissenkrankenhaus Stift Bethlehem (certificate for Mr. Mergner) - Leipzig 1932. Ev.luth. mission (service certificate for Mr Mergner) - Leipzig 1938. Ev.-luth. mission (service certificate for Mrs and Mr Mergner) - Leipzig 1947. Ev.-luth. mission (certificate for Mr Mergner; 4fold) - Hamburg 1948. social security authority. Flüchtlingsfürsorge (Bescheinigung für Herrn Mergner) - Würzburg o.J. Lebenslauf Mr Mergner (3fach) - Braunschweig 1947. Mr Mergner to the Spruchkammer der Ärzte des Staates Braunschweig - Braunschweig 1948. Denazification Committee for Doctors to the Erlanger Zentralstelle der Leipziger Mission - Würzburg 1948. The public plaintiff of Spruchkammer IV to Mr Mergner - Würzburg 1948. The public plaintiff of Spruchkammer IV ("Order"; 2-fold) - Würzburg 1948. Spruchkammer IV (Administrative fee) - Braunschweig 1948. Mr Mergner ("Affidavit" for Günther) - Darmstadt 1947. ? "('Affidavit' for Mr Mergner) - o.O. 1947. Ground staff to the Denazification Commission of the Government (concerning 'request for denazification' by Mr Mergner; with accompanying letter to Mr Mergner) - Leipzig 1947. Ihmels (certificate for Mr Mergner) - Leipzig 1947. Ihmels (certificate for Mr Mergner; 4 copies) - Fischbeck 1947. Kremz (certificate for Mr Mergner; 2 copies; transcripts) - Göttingen 1947 Weber (certificate for Mr Mergner; 2 copies; transcripts) - Löhne 1948 Winkelmann (declaration for Mr Mergner; 3 copies; transcripts) - Handschriftliche Zeugnisse für Mergner (transcripts?) - Baviaanspoort 1943 Mergner / Hoffmann (certificate for medical instruction for course "B") - o.O., o.J. "Supplement to the Application for Immediate Aid from Dr. Friedrich Mergner" (handwritten and typewritten) - Nürnberg-Katzwang 1979. Mergner: "Wie es zur Minderversicherung meines Alters kam" (How the Underinsurance of my Age came about) (typewritten; 6 p.)

Preliminary remark: The Oberschulamt Stuttgart was established by decree of the provisional government of Baden-Württemberg of 07.10.1952 and took over part of the tasks of the dissolved cult ministry of Württemberg-Baden (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1952 No. 12 of 11.10.1952). According to the State Administration Act of 07.11.1955 it is - like the other three secondary school offices - a higher special authority (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1955 No. 22 of 23.11.1955). as the upper school supervisory authority, the Oberschulamt Stuttgart is responsible, among other things, for supervising the schools in the administrative district of Stuttgart, for supervising the heads of schools and teachers, and for supervising the state education offices (Gesetzblatt für Baden-Württemberg 1964 No. 12 of 13.05.1964 and 1973 no. 23 of 30.11.1973). the personal files of teachers at elementary, secondary and special schools recorded here have mostly grown up at the Oberschulamt Stuttgart and were handed over to the Staatsarchiv Ludwigsburg in 1977. The previous files going back to the year 1903 were created by the respective predecessor authorities (see preliminary remarks to the repertories E 202 and E 203 I). 1978 and 1979 the order and indexing of the holdings EL 204 I was carried out by the temporary employee Anita Hundsdörfer under the direction of the archive inspectors Heinrich Graf and Wolfgang Schneider. The personnel files were sorted alphabetically and numbered consecutively so that, with only a few exceptions, the order of the files at the storage location is identical to the list in the finding aid book. In addition to the usual details, the title list also contains the last position, the last place of employment and the year of retirement or death. The final work was carried out by the undersigned.Ludwigsburg, December 1980Schneider