Identity area
Reference code
MSS. Lugard
Title
Papers of Frederick Dealtry Lugard, Baron Lugard of Abinger: 1871-1969
Date(s)
- 1871-1969 (Creation)
Level of description
Fonds
Extent and medium
164 boxes
Context area
Archival history
Frederick John Dealty Lugard (1858-1945), soldier, administrator and author was born in Madras, India but raised at Worcester and educated at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. Entering the Army, he received his commission in 1878 in the 9th Foot (the Norfolk Regiment), joining the second batallion in India. In 1884 he secured secondment to the Military Transport Service, which was dispatched the following year to support the campaign for the relief of Khartoum in the Sudan. For this and his service in Burma in 1886 he was awarded the DSO. In c1888, after being placed on medical leave and after a couple of abortive attempts to join the Italian forces in Abyssinia, he signed up with a small force which the African Lakes Company was preparing for the defence of a trading station at Karongwa, Nyasaland. His work in securing the station attracted the attention of Sir William Mackinnon, who gave him the task of opening up a new route from Mombasa (Ken ya) to the interior by way of the Sabaki River. He completed this as far as Machakos (near Nairobi), when he received orders to proceed to Uganda, where, over a period of two years, he established order and a favourable state of affairs for the company in Buganda and the Bunyoro, Toro and Ankoli chiefdoms. He was also instrumental in persuading the British government to adopt Uganda as a protectorate in 1894. In 1894, he was given the task of obtaining a treaty for the Royal Niger Company with Borgu on the western border of Nigeria. He then accepted an offer from the British West Charterland Company to explore a mineral concession near Lake Ngami in Bechuanaland. In 1897 he was recalled to West Africa as Her Majesty's Commissioner for the Hinterland of Nigeria, where he was also responsible for raising the West African Frontier Force. After the declaration of a protectorate over Northern and Southern Nigeria in 1900, he assumed office as High Commissioner of Northern Nigeria. He was appointed KCMG in 1901 and held the temporary rank of Brigadier-General from 1900 to 1907. In 1907 he became Governor of Hong Kong, where he was largely responsible for the creation of the University of Hong Kong in 1911. He was appointed GCMG in the same year. In 1912 he returned to Nigeria as Governor of the two protectorates, and was made Governor-General 1914-1919. During this period, he laid down in the form of political memoranda the system of indirect rule which is associated with his name. After his retirement, he spent a period in Ethiopia on behalf of the Abyssinian Corporation . He was sworn of the Privy Council in 1920, then devoted himself to the preparation of The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa(Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood
Immediate source of acquisition or transfer
Content and structure area
Scope and content
Ephemeral biographical material, [1871-1948] Correspondence, 1892-1945 Publications and related material, and lecture notes, 1889-1941 Papers relating to The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa (Edinburgh and London, W. Blackwood
Appraisal, destruction and scheduling
Accruals
System of arrangement
Bodleian Library, University of Oxford
Conditions of access and use area
Conditions governing access
Bodleian readers ticket required.
Conditions governing reproduction
Rights to access and re-use digital objects: Unknown Rights to access and re-use archival descriptive information: Creative Commons Attribution, Non-Commercial, ShareAlike No reproduction or publication of personal papers without permission. Contact the library in the first instance.
Language of material
Script of material
Language and script notes
English.
Physical characteristics and technical requirements
Finding aids
https://www.archivesportaleurope.net/ead-display/-/ead/pl/aicode/GB-161/type/fa/id/gb161-mss.lugard A handlist, Papers of Frederick Dealtry Lugard, Baron Lugard of Abinger 1858-1945 in Rhodes House Library Oxford, compiled by Patricia Pugh (Oxford, Bodleian Library, 1989).
Allied materials area
Existence and location of originals
Existence and location of copies
Related units of description
Publication note
Lugard...The life of Frederick Dealtry Lugard, etc.. by Dame Margery Perham, (London, Collins, 1956); Encyclopaedia of Africa south of the Sahara, ed. John Middleton (London, Simon ∧ Schuster; New York, C. Scribner's Sons, c1997)
Publication note
Lugard...The life of Frederick Dealtry Lugard, etc.. by Dame Margery Perham, (London, Collins, 1956); Encyclopaedia of Africa south of the Sahara, ed. John Middleton (London, Simon ∧ Schuster; New York, C. Scribner's Sons, c1997)
Notes area
Note
{{Data source}} Archive Portal Europe A handlist, Papers of Frederick Dealtry Lugard, Baron Lugard of Abinger 1858-1945 in Rhodes House Library Oxford, compiled by Patricia Pugh (Oxford, Bodleian Library, 1989).
Alternative identifier(s)
Access points
Subject access points
Place access points
Name access points
- 1st Baron Lugard Frederick Lugard (Subject)
- Huileries du Congo belge (Subject)
- League of Nations (Subject)