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Eduard Heinrich Gustav Dannert, Sociale Verhältnisse d. Ovaherero, Dr., 1888; Heinrich Vedder, Maharero and his time in the light of the documents of his estate, Dr., 1929-1931; Missionary August Carl Heinrich Kuhlmann, Götter- u. Geistergfaube d. Herero, Dr., 1927; Report about the "Maharero-Dag" in Okahandja (hectograph.), 1966; 1 Otjiherero grammar, ms..;

description: Contains:StartVNr: E 2210/1910; EndVNr: E 1670/1911; and others: Cooperation with the Botanical Museum, pp. 387, and the Museum of Natural History, Berlin, (1911), pp. 110, 387 ff. - Sale of doublets to the Anthropological Institute of the University, Wroclaw, (1910), pp. 33 ff., the Museums für Völkerkunde, Leipzig, pp. 78 ff, Hamburg, pp. 280, Munich, (1911), pp. 383, and Stuttgart, (1910, 1913), pp. 14 ff., 148 on loan from the Saalburgmuseum, Homburg v.d.H., (1911, 1959), pp. 360 - Cooperation with the Kolonialinstitut, Hamburg, (1911), pp. 62 f. - Distribution of duplicates to private individuals, (1911), pp. 154 ff, 199, 238, 249, 372 - Cooperation with the editors of the Globus, (1910), p. 56, the Kolonialkriegerdank Association, p. 87, 129, 233, the Command of the Schutztruppen, p. 133, the Ethnological Assistance Committee, p. 220 ff, the German Colonial Society, Berlin, pp. 240 ff., the Kriegsmarine-Ausstellung, Oldenburg, pp. 50, and the Command of the Schutztruppe, Windhoek, (1911), pp. 130 - Cooperation with the White Fathers, (1910, 1911), pp. 58 ff, 251 ff. - Fechtner: Skull Shipment, (1911), p. 75 - Siegmann: Origin of the Skeletons Sent in by Maercker, (1910), p. 121 - von Sick: Corrections and Negotiations for His Work on the Wanyaturu, (1911), p. 138 ff - Lunkenbein: Offer of Skeletons, (1911), p. 160 - "General Adjustment pr. Steamship 'Oron' ...", (1911), duplication, pp. 170 ff.- [Peters:] "Ophir of the ancients. Dr. Carl Peters' theories..." [1911], Ztg.-Article, pp. 202 f.- Braunschweig: Report on planned colonial activities in the southeast of DOA, (1911), pp. 228 f.- His: "Description of the ... Poison arrows and daggers of the Herero..." (1911), Bl. 247.- Minist. the Spiritual Affairs: Report on awards, (1911), p. 283 - van Gennep: Report on his collecting activities and contacts among Mediterranean cultures, (1911), p. 293 ff - "From Grootfontein. In: Südwest-Afrikanische Ztg. : 1911-06-13, p. 326 - Staudinger: Request for support for Crompton, (1911), p. 342 ff.

Contains among other things: Denkmünze Press clippings on the Herero uprising

Records of missionary Carl Hugo Hahn, ms.; bound to the history of the station Neu-Barmen (Otjikango), the Herero people and Jonker Afrikaner; diaries about two journeys to Ovamboland, 1857 and 1866; diary about e. Reise zum Waterberg, 1871, 467 p. ms;

Contains among other things: Correspondence of Ernst II, Draft of an ordinance and memorandum concerning the R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t ; conditions of the German Schutztruppe in South West Africa (including the Herero Uprising, railway construction, port facilities, organisational issues) ; border issues (including correspondence with King Leopold II of Belgium) ; business distribution plans ; budget for 1906 ; newspaper clippings Darin: overview plan of the railway line Windhuk-Rehoboth ; caricature from the "Kladderadatsch" (with illustration of Ernst II).

and others: Windhoek (Windhoek); Kahnrivier; Swakopmund; Oitjo natives (Owambo, Herero; Witbooi-Nama); Buren; mountain battery in Windhoek; Hendrik Witbooi (*1824, ?1905); member of the German Schutztruppe; construction of the Nord-Südbahn; (28 x 21 cm) different sizes; album with photographs, sw

and others: Lazaret in Windhoek; Warrior Association Windhoek; Native Church in Windhoek; Natives (Herero; Nama; Owambo); German Schutztruppe; Fortress Omaruru; Church in Bethany; Oitjo; Artillery of the German Schutztruppe; Kunene river; Owambo mission station; native animal species; Gobabis fortress; Oas fortress; Auasberg heliographer station; Keetmanshoop fortress; (28 x 21 cm) various sizes; album with photographs, black and white; z. T. strongly faded

Amraal's tribe, abandoned from 1880-1907, Farm Gobabis s. RMG 2.547; annual and conference reports, by missionary Jakob Friedrich Johann Irle and others, 1908-1935; Chronology of Gobabis 1855-1910, pag. 1, ca. 1910; Reports of mission colonist Oskar Emil August Gerlach, 1908-1909; visitation report, picture postcard, 1911; report to OKR in Berlin about work on d. Gobabis district, 1911; Gobabis, report, Jakob Friedrich Johann Irle about his 25 years there, 1931; About Amral Lambert's life, the mission station Wesley Vale and Gobabis and the Mbanderu until about 1896, Jakob Friedrich Johann Irle, 10 p. ms, o. J.

Contains: Church intercession for the German soldiers; Württemberg awards for members of the protection troops

History of the Inventor: After the German Reich had abandoned an active colonial policy in the first years of its existence due to foreign policy considerations, this changed in 1884. The colonies Deutsch-Südwestafrika, Togo, Cameroon, Deutsch-Neuguinea, Deutsch-Ostafrika and Samoa, formally referred to as "protectorates", emerged. The governorates of these protectorates established in the following period were first under the control of the Colonial Department in the A u s w ä r t i g e s A m t and finally of the resulting R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The Kiautschou leasehold in China, acquired in 1898, was subject to the R e i c h s m a r i n e a m t . From the very beginning it was necessary to be able to assert and protect the interests of the empire in the colonies by military force. In the initial phase, this task was performed by ships and landing commands of the Imperial Navy. In the German South Sea colonies this remained so until the end. In the African colonies there was a development of their own. In 1889, a troupe of German volunteers with a contract under an active officer (Captain Curt von François) was formed in D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , which was initially only to perform police duties. In 1889, in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a, the Reich Commissioner Captain Herrmann Wissmann set up a troop of recruited Africans to suppress the "Arab Uprising" that broke out in 1888. With the law of 22 March 1891 the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika" was finally formed from volunteers of the army and navy as well as recruited volunteers, followed by the "Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika" and the "Schutztruppe für Kamerun" with the law of 9 June 1895. A protection force for Togo was planned at times, but was not formed, just as there were no protection forces for German New Guinea or Samoa. Only police troops were formed there. In the respective protectorates the governor held the highest military power, the commander of the protection troop was subordinated to him. The protection troops were responsible for maintaining security and public order. At times the individual protection troops were exclusively occupied with the suppression of insurrections of the indigenous population. To this end, some considerable personnel reinforcements were recruited from Germany. The Schutztruppen were first led by the Reichsmarineamt. With the "Gesetz betreffend die Kaiserlichen Schutztruppen in den Afrikanischen Schutzgebieten und die Wehrpflicht daselbst" of 18 July 1896, the Schutztruppen were subordinated to the Reich Chancellor, administered by the Colonial Department in the Foreign Office. In the Colonial Department, the Department M - Military Administration (Command or High Command of the Protection Forces) was responsible. The Prussian War Ministry (Army Department) took over the organizational support. Command affairs were handled by the Director of the Colonial Department, with Division M as his military staff. With the establishment of the R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t by the Most High Decree of 17 May 1907, the command of the Schutztruppen was placed under its control, now as a military command staff with responsible command power. Like the Navy, the Schutztruppen were under the supreme command of the Emperor. Its members were volunteers of the army (or armies of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg) and the navy, who retired from the respective army or navy for the time of their service in the Schutztruppen and then returned there again. The male German population in the protectorates was subject to compulsory military service. The conscripts in the Schutztruppen were able to meet these demands. In 1913 the Schutztruppe included the following personnel: - Command of the Schutztruppe in Berlin: 80 men - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika: 2758 men (266 Germans, 2492 natives) - Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika: 1970 Mann (German) - Schutztruppe für Kamerun: 1471 Mann (171 German, 1300 indigenous) During the Herero Uprising, the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Südwestafrika's personnel strength in 1907 was approx. 15,000 men. The outbreak of the First World War hit the German colonies unprepared. Defensive measures against other colonial powers had never been seriously considered, the Imperial Government had assumed that in the event of a European conflict the colonies could be kept out of the fighting according to the agreements in the Congo Act of 1885, despite warning voices from the colonies themselves. On 1 August 1914, therefore, only a state of emergency was declared in the protectorates. It was not until mid-August 1914 that mobilization began in the protectorates, but the armed units there (Schutztruppen, police troops, naval units present) were ultimately without a chance compared with the opponents who were far superior in terms of numbers and materials. The following were lost, partly after fierce fighting, partly without a fight: - on 27 August 1914 Togo - on 7 September 1914 Samoa - on 17 September 1914 Deutsch-Neuguinea - on 9 July 1915 Deutsch-Südwestafrika - in February 1916 Cameroon The Kiautschou leasehold area under the control of the Navy had capitulated after heavy fighting on 7 November 1914. It was only in D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a that the Schutztruppe was able to hold its ground to the end and thus bind considerable enemy forces. Their commander, Major General Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck, only laid down his weapons on 25 November 1918 on order from Berlin. Processing note: The stock RW 51 was originally created as stock for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Description of the holdings: The collection contains the documents of the Imperial Schutztruppen for D e u t s c h - S ü d w e s t a f r i k a , D e u t s c h - O s t a f r i k a and Cameroon, as well as the command of the Schutztruppen, as far as they are available in the military archives. Characterization of content: The inventory contains only a few real fact files. It consists above all of a compilation of commandos of the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika from 1907 to 1914, as well as a file of the same commandos with reports of subordinated units and offices from 1916. In addition there are documents on organization and supply in Deutsch-Ostafrika and Deutsch-Südwestafrika and in particular some hand-drawn maps. Only two documents have survived on Cameroon. State of development: The inventory RW 51 was originally created as an inventory for the "imperial protection troops and other German land forces overseas" and comprised 29 units. In 2010, the documents of the East Asian Expeditionary Corps were extracted and, together with the corresponding new additions, formed the newly created holdings RW 61. Since then, the holdings of RW 51 have consisted exclusively of documents of the Imperial Protection Forces and were subsequently fundamentally revised and developed further. Some new additions were added. Pre-archival order: The tradition of the Schutztruppen In the Bundearchiv military archive is purely fragmentary. The Schutztruppen archive in the Heeresarchiv was destroyed during the air raid on Potsdam in April 1945. This applies to the personnel files of the Schutztruppen and to the records in the archives of the Schutztruppen in the colonies themselves. The tradition of the command of the Schutztruppen is essentially in the R 1001 R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t . The documents of the protection troops remaining in Africa after the First World War are now in the national archives of Tanzania (Dar es Salaam), Namibia (Windhoek) and Cameroon (Duala). In addition, the Belgian Imperial Archives in Brussels contain documents of the Rwandan Schutztruppen. Films on the documents in Windhoek and Dar es Salaam can be found in the Federal Archives in Berlin. Replacement records of the Schutztruppen and their deployments can be found above all in the documents of the Imperial Navy, which as a rule acted in a supportive capacity or, during uprisings, also issued landing commands. In addition, reference should be made to the tradition of the contingents of protection troops in the respective state archives provided by Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg. Scope, explanation: 30 AU Citation method: BArch, RW 51/...

1868-1903 in Otjikango, Okahandja, Otjosazu, from 1903 home service, from 1915 parish office; letters and reports from work with the Hereros, 1869-1903; annual reports, cash reports of the Otjosazu station, 1872-1903; manuscript: "Die Oupanga d. Ovaherero", 1891; reports by the evangelists Paul, Gottlieb and Manasse, 1893; private letters, also from Mrs. Hedwig Irle, née von Rohden, to the inspectors at the mission house, 1893. Inspectors in the mission house, 1890-1902; reports from the work in the home service, 1905-1922; correspondence of the RMG with members of the Irle family, 1922-1960; letter from Gottlieb Murangi, Windhoek, to Mrs. Hedwig Irle, née von Rohden, 1930;

1898-1945 in Okazewa, Otjimbingue, Omburo, Omaruru, see RMG 1.482 estate; letters and reports, private letters, 1898-1945; curriculum vitae, application, certificates, recommendations, 1892; seven weeks under d. Insurgent Hereros, report, March 1904; marginal notes on the Herero War, critical statement, May 1904; Our Herero Christians in the War Camps, May 1904; The Lie in the Herero War, June 1904; August Kuhlmann's request for pardon from the Hereros, reply by Trothas to this, Febr. 1905; Report about peace mediation attempts in Otjimbingue, Febr. 1905; Supplements to "Windhoeker Nachrichten" with attacks against mission, June 1905; Report about the prisoner on the shark island near Lüderitzbucht, Aug. 1905; Report about the work in Karibib and at the prisoners of war at the Otavi Railway, Aug. 1905; Reports from the collection camps for Hereros in Omburo, 1906; leaflet "Three Christmas in German Southwest Africa", Dr., 1904-1906; Lecture: "What can and must happen to follow the scattered heathens and Christians", 11 p., hectographed, 1909; Lecture: "Zur Psychologie d. Glaubenslebens unserer afrikanischen Christen", 14 p., ms., 1913; Lecture: "Das Problem d. christlichen Ehe unter d. afrikanischen Heidenchristen", n. J.; Correspondence with Mrs. Elisabeth Kuhlmann, née Dannert u. Familie, 1946-1965

Estate:; diary-like letter reports to Hinrich Johannsen on injustice suffered in construction and financial matters; translation and linguistic research; domestic circumstances, 1940; reports and explanations on work in the language commission and the introduction of the new name of God at d. Herero, 1939-1941; Reports for the native community of Enger/Westphalia: How the Church becomes among the Urafrikans; Arte's own religion and Christianity; Arttreu and Christustreu; Experiences from Omaruru: Here you may not swear; disastrous mixture of races and their sad consequences; Bushmen, 1939-1941; Remarks on cattle grammar;

Enthält: - Erlebnisse in Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika - Heirat mit Maria Louise Ritter, 1903 - Dr. Ph. Kuhn: Die Rheinische Mission und der Herero-Aufstand: Erlebnisse und Beobachtungen rheinischer Missionare, 1904 - Unterlagen über seine Tätigkeit als Arzt in Südwestafrika - Fotos von der Familie und von Südwestafrika - Korrespondenzen.

Oldest travel reports of the RMG about Southwest Africa (transcript from the Monatsblatt d. Norddeutscher Missionsgesellschaft, 2. Jg., p. 146-155), 8 p., ms., double available, 1841; extracts from letters of Friedr. Simon Eggert, Scheppmansdorf, ms.., 1859-1868; Request of Jonas and Jacobus Boois to Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt for e. Missionary (2 original letters, afrikaans), 1861; Peter Heinrich Brincker: I. Die Ovaherero, II. Die Missionsarbeit unter d. Herero, 90 p., hs, 1876; Defense of the defamation of Dr. Theophil Hahn against the Damra missionaries, deputation of the RMG, Dr., 1884; Hendrik Witbooi's request to Inspector Dr. August Schreiber for e. Missionary (Original, afrikaans), 1895; Hendrik Witbooi's request to Francois for ammunition and rifles, (copy), 1893; P. Kunze, Sülldorf, about Hendrik Witbooi, 1906; Die Geschichte d. "Kowese volk" written down by e. members of the people themselves in Afrikaans, 8 p., hs. u. Kopie, N. N., no year; suggestions for missionary work in South West Africa, by Heinrich Vedder, 19 p., ms., c. 1910; excerpt from "Beitrag zur Geschichte d. Kowesi-Stammes, 1897", Johannes Olpp, 7 p., 1906; overview of the work of the RMG in "Deutsch-Südwestafrika", 1903; "Die Religion d. Herero", August Carl Heinrich Kuhlmann, with remarks by Jakob Friedrich Johann Irle, 20 p., ms, 1912; The situation of the indigenous people of South Africa in social and political relations, (S.-Abdr. from "Mitteilungen aus d. deutschen Schutzgebieten", 34th vol., H. 1), Prof. Dr. G. Knothe, 1926

Contains: List of mussel species, list of materials for colouring the topa, animals from Surinam (Latin and Indian names); collection lists compiled under the heading "Remarks on individual pieces of the museum": Missionary Bergmann (German New Guinea), Baron von Bülow (Herero, Owambo), von Carnap-Quernheimb (Cameroon, Togo, Congo), Capitain Dallmann (Various countries), Eckstein (Boers, Zulu), Dr. Ehser (Bali collection), Dr. O. Finsch, Haas brothers (British New Guinea), Kollmann (Uganda, Ushashi, East Africa), Kromecken (?) (Tokyo, Middle Java, Sikkim), Schmidt (Lagos), I. Schneider (Palestine, Egypt, Omdurman), Von Sieglin, Baron von Soden (Africa), Prof. Soest/Eugen Rautenstrauch (South Sea Collection), Sprochte (?), Ludwig Wießner (Untervolta, Sudan)

1901-1928 in Okahandja, Windhoek; Letters and Reports, 1901-1928; Curriculum Vitae (copy) of Emma Meier, née Ermshaus, 1904; Die Schreckenstage in Okahandja, Jan, Febr. 1904; inquiry about the semi-white children in Windhoek, 1904; report about e. trip to Gobabis, 1907; report about Windhoek police measures, 1909; ray of hope in the work e. Herero missionaries, Okahandja, n. J.; communication of the "Woermann-Linie" about the death of Friedrich A. Meier on board the steamer "Muansa" and burial in Monrovia, 1928; obituary for Friedrich A. Meier, 1928; letter (copy) of Hereros Gustav Kamatoto to Emma Meier, mourning for her father Friedrich A. Meier, 1929; correspondence with family Meier, 1928-1965;

Station, annual and travel reports; joint letters, among others by Carl Hugo Hahn, Johannes Rath, Franz Heinrich Kleinschmidt and others; reply by the deputation; report on peace negotiations on Schmelens Verwachting (Okahandja), 1870; detailed information on the peace negotiations in the region. Explanatory notes on the Mission Trade Society, 1871; Communication by Carl Hugo Hahn on his resignation from the RMG, 1872; Decisions on the Church Constitution and on the German Constitution for the Church Forms, 1873; Carl Hugo Hahn's statements on this and linguistic changes 1874 1875; Reports, by Daniel Cloete from 1873; Statistics, Status: May 1876; Über d. Gottes- u. Opferbegriff d. Herero, Referat, C. Heinrich Beiderbecke, 43 p., hs., 1877; Schulordnung für d. Schulen im Bereich d. sog. Herero-Konferenz, 1877; Instruction for teachers trained in the Augustinum, 1877

Station reports; concepts of replies d. Deputation; Presentations:; The marriage gift and child rearing of our Christian Herero, Freerk Meyer, 12 p., hs., 1885; Is it tunlich in our Hereromission d. previous strict practice in relation to polygamy to let go and d. by Inspector Dr. Schreiber proposed milder practice to introduce, after the process on Sumatra, Nias

from 1906 unoccupied, farm s. RMG 2.559; Conference and Station Reports, by Ferdinand Lang, 1898-1903; Reports of local teachers and evangelists: Manasse Pujatura, Willibald Kerijaa, Urbanus Kerija, Julius Kauraisa and Ephraim Kaatutuka, 1901; Visitation Report, 1906; Reports by Wilhelm Emil Jakob Diehl about the Herero collection point Otjihaenena and its transfer to Okomitombe near Gobabis, 1906;

Annual Report 1921 s. RMG 2,528 a, Farm s. RMG 2,561 a b, Augustineum s. RMG 2,648, Girls' Bible School Work, see RMG 2,652, Paulinum s. RMG 2,651 d, RMG 3,315 and RMG 3,526, ELK Sekondere Skool s. RMG 3,337; quarterly, annual and conference reports, statistics and annual accounts, by Freerk Meyer, Johannes Georg Heinrich Olpp, Friedrich Heinrich Peter Bernsmann and Wilhelm Emil Jakob Diehl, 1899-1907; sketches of the maps of the German parliament. Eigentumsverhältnissen rund um Otjimbingwe, 1903; Die Ursachen d. Hereroaufstand, Report, Johannes Georg Heinrich Olpp, 11 p. hs., 1904; Petition d. Gemeindeältesten von Otjimbingwe um Verbleib von Johannes Georg Heinrich Olpp, 1905; Visitationsbericht, 1906; Erastus Jahanika an RMG: Dank für Unterricht, d. he enjoys in Otjimbingue, 1907; Report on Herero Orphanage, 1907

Contains: Landing and departure; Permanent orders for landing; Fire extinguishing and watch regulations; Monthly inventory records for the stage dock; 3rd riding report. Feldbattr. for Oct. 8, 1904; regulations for field mail traffic; map drawing of the camps at Lüderitz Bay

Contains among other things: The causes of the Herero uprising and the decision claims of the settlers. Portrayed by the Aussiedler delegation. Berlin 1904 The Rhenish Mission and the Herero Uprising. Barmen 1904

Contains among other things: Partial map of the South West African colony with drawings of reserves, M.: 1:2 000 000 C. Schlettwein, Germany's previous colonial policy and the current conditions in German South-West Africa. Berlin 1904 dispatch of the Naval Expeditionary Corps and experience gained in South West Africa. Memorandum by Colonel Dürr of Sept. 1904 List of whites against whom in the years 1902 - 1904 proceedings for violence against natives were instituted before the District Court of Swakopmund.

1903-1947 in Walvis Bay, Swakopmund, Gaub, Okahandja, Praeses 1937-1947, then emer.., Senator South West Africa, 1950-1958, see also RMG 1,308, 1,344, 1,366, 1,426-1,431, 1,661, 2.694; extensive correspondence, reports, circulars, 1903-1947; application, curriculum vitae, medical certificate, 1894-1903; building plans for residential house Swakopmund, 1904; appeal by Lieutenant Kuhn to the scattered Hereros to surrender, 1904; petition to d. District office Swakopmund for the improvement of the conditions in the prison camps, 1905; report on the formation of the protestant parish of Swakopmund, 1906; letter of 9 Hererochristen with the request for translation of the Old Testament in Herero, 1906; "Gau-Sari-Aob" (The sower) newsletter for natives, 1907-1909; order e. printing press, brochure here about, 1909; budget d. Missionshaus in Swakopmund, 1909; transcript of the honorary doctorate of the University of Tübingen for Vedder, 1925; State Secretary of Lindequist: Please do not recall Vedder from Africa, 1927; conference negotiation of the church elders and evangelists in Okahandja, 1930; exam questions for diploma examinations of the University of South Africa, 1931; Zur Frauenfrage in Südwestafrika, Referat, 10.., ms. 1935; National Socialism and colored workers, essay, Karl Pegel, 11 p., ms., 1936; appointment of Vedder as "Konsistorialrat h. c" by the California Konsistorial Academic Society, copy of the deed, 1947; statutes of the Heinrich Vedder Foundation, 1954; honorary newspaper articles and obituary, 1961, 1966 and 1972

Reports about the work in d. Herero- u. Nama-Gemeinde, by Friedrich Pönnighaus, Christian Ludwig Kühhirt u. Martin Jonas Werner, 1929-1945; reports on sister and school work, by Helene Köhler, Frieda Schröder u. Else Menninger, 1929-1945; report on the 25th anniversary of the Herero Ovambo Community, by Christian Ludwig Kühhirt, 1933