Foreword: 1) History of the Registraturbildners The General Student Committee (AStA) of the Berlin University was established on the basis of the Ordinance on the Formation of Student Bodies at Universities and Technical Colleges of 18 Sept. 1920 as well as the implementing regulations of 1 Oct. 1920 issued by the Prussian Minister of Education Konrad Haenisch (No. 11). According to the constitution of the student body of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in 1922, the AStA was elected by the student representation, consisted of seven members and represented the student body externally (No. 2). By this decree the student bodies, which gave themselves corresponding statutes, were nationally recognized by the Prussian Ministry of Culture. Every student enrolled at the university had to become a member of the student body. The tasks of the General Student Body were to represent all students, to administer self-government in social matters, to administer student affairs, including disciplinary law, and to foster the intellectual and cultural life of the student body. The student representation consisted of 100 members nominated by each faction and elected by all the students. Under the guidance and control of the AStA, whose members were elected from among the student representatives, there were a number of offices and committees which had the task of carrying out the ongoing administrative work. Thus the following offices were available: - Office for State Political Education - Social Affairs Office - International Office - Office for Physical Education - Technical Emergency Aid. According to the faculties, the following student councils existed for student counselling and further education: - law and political science student council - mathematical-physical working group - chemistry student council - geography student council - zoology student council - pharmacy student council - medicine student council (clinic) - dentistry student council - philology student council - theology student council. The so-called Fachschaft Committee existed to guide the student representatives. In September 1927, the Prussian Ministry of State repealed the September 1920 decree in response to the disputes over the membership of foreign German students, especially the differing views on the treatment of foreign German students of the Jewish faith. At the same time, the Prussian State Ministry issued a new ordinance on the formation of student bodies which eliminated the "race viewpoint" previously represented by the student body. The subsequent ballot of Nov. 1927 at all Prussian universities resulted in the rejection of this new ordinance by the student bodies, which thereby lost state recognition. So-called general student bodies were then formed at the universities, including the Berlin University, which tried unsuccessfully to gain recognition as a corporation from the university administration. The mathematical-physical working group, formerly called Fachschaft, presented a new statute, which was also recognized by other working groups. Due to the new legal situation, the geographical, chemical and zoological working groups were established alongside the aforementioned working group. The new working groups formed the committee of the working groups, which was extended in the years 1931 / 1932 by the medical profession, theologians and pharmacists. This committee received the designation Ring der anerkannten Arbeitsgemeinschaften und Fachschaften an der Universität Berlin (R.d.A.) from the university management. The main tasks of the R.d.A. in the fields they represented were the provision of information, study counselling, the organisation of circles, lectures, holiday courses, excursions, support for students and liaison with lecturers, etc. With the rise to power of the National Socialists, these remnants of the so-called student self-administration were also subordinated to the "Führerprinzip". 2) Registrar relationships There were no identifiers at all to be found on the individual file units which indicated that they belonged to a registry. Nor were there any indications which could provide any information on the keeping of the file. 3) Access The inventory was indexed in January and February 1967 by the then head of the archive, Dr. Kossack. The collection was already in the archives' custody in 1960 and had already been used in earlier years. It was established that a former employee of the Institute for German History had removed individual documents and had not returned them. A completeness of the overdelivery cannot therefore be guaranteed. 4) Archival processing Since no principles of order were recognizable at the existence, a reorganization had to be made. Main groups and subgroups were formed according to the tasks of the AStA and the individual file units were assigned accordingly. The stock wr 1960 was recorded by students of history in internship. However, it was necessary to carry out both a further thorough examination of the files and of the card index, based on the principles of order and registration principles of the State Archives of the GDR. Period to: 1928 Period from: 1919 Citation method: HU UA, General Student Committee.01, No. XXX. HU UA, AStA.01, No. XXX.
Foreword: The find book was created in 1966 by Mr. Kossack, the head of the archive at that time. The following introductory presentation is limited primarily to administrative-historical aspects, the present collection being specifically the administrative management of the Charité Hospital. After the establishment of the institution in 1710, which was initially to serve as a plague hospital but then, since Berlin was spared the plague, served as a workhouse and garrison hospital, it was subordinated to the Prussian Poor Management. The Cabinet Order of King Friedrich Wilhelm I of 8 November 1726 expanded the facility into a citizen hospital according to the plan of the first inspector Christian Habermass. In 1798, in addition to the Directorate for the Poor, the College Medicum was included in the supervision of the Charité. The measure was intended to improve medical care and clinical education, as the poor management only supervised from the point of view of the administration. From the very beginning the training of military doctors for the Prussian army was in the foreground. As a result of the introduction of Stein's reforms, there was no more room for the two superior authorities. In 1816 it was subordinated to the Berlin government, which was part of the Ministry of the Interior as a central authority. After the dissolution of the Berlin government, supervision was transferred to the police president in Berlin. Various reforms were carried out concerning the internal conditions of the Charité as a teaching and medical institution. By the Regulativ of 7 September 1830 a "Royal Board of Trustees for Hospital Affairs" was created, which was subordinated to the Ministry for Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs. This board of trustees, as the central authority, from now on supervised the Charité, both from an administrative and a clinical point of view. The board of trustees consisted of a president and six other members. The President was the Privy Senior Medical Officer Prof. Dr. Johann Nepomuk Rust. Rust, who himself was director of the surgical and ophthalmological clinic of the Charité, carried out an important activity for the Charité. From the beginning, the management of the Charité was carried out by a doctor and, in administrative matters, by a chief inspector. In 1846 the management of the institution was transferred to an officer, the Major Hirsch, while the Chief Inspector Carl Heinrich Esse was responsible for the administrative affairs. This ended the supervision of the Board of Trustees for Hospital Affairs over the Charité. The dissolution of the Board of Trustees took place at the beginning of 1848. The Charité Hospital was now under the direct supervision of the Ministry of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs. An "Instruction for the Directorate of the Royal Charité Hospital of 3 May 1846" regulated the legal status and duties of the director. An "Instruction für die Charité-Direktion zu Berlin" of 30 March 1850, issued by the Ministry for Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs, established the legal status and tasks of the Charité-Direktion. After Hirsch's departure in 1849, a directorate consisting of a medical director and an administrative director was set up. This instruction from 1850 remained in force until 1929. After that, the two directors were legally equal and had to fulfil the duties of the previous Board of Trustees. The powers conferred on the Charité directorate corresponded to those of the governments according to the instructions of 23 October 1817 and 31 December 1825. A cabinet order of 6 January 1904 determined that the post of medical director should always be filled by a senior military doctor. With the departure of the last medical director on 1 October 1929, this post was not filled again. This prompted the Ministry of Science, the Arts and National Education to submit a new draft instruction to the Administrative Director. Thereafter, the Charité was described as "an independent foundation under public administration, under public law, with its own legal personality". The legal representative was the Administrative Director of the Charité Hospital. His tasks included the "care for the Charité, the direct execution of the administrative business concerning them, the supervision of the economic and technical operations, the management of their property and cash management, as well as the preservation of their justice and the care and promotion of their internal and external existence". It has not been possible to establish whether these Instructions have entered into force. However, a review of the relevant administrative files of the inventory has shown that the draft instructions were followed until 1945. According to an overview of the areas of work existing in the Administration Directorate from 1931, the following areas were available: -Office Management - Calculature - Cash - General Registry - Spa Costs - Office - Reception and Health Interview - Costumery - Chancery - Chancery - Telephone Headquarters - Kitchen Administration - Home Management - Washing and Laundry - Inspections - Operations Inspection The Business Distribution Plan of 1 November 1937 lists 37 subject areas with 35 civil servants and 50 employees. No new business distribution plan was drawn up in the following years. (Cf. business distribution plan of the Charité management v. 1.11.1937 in: Charité-Direktion Nr. 2168 - Course of business of the Charité). History of records and holdings: I. Registry ratios: The registry of the Charité Directorate corresponds in its layout and management to the older authority registries. The file titles correspond to the file contents. Until the introduction of the standing file registry and the new file plan according to the decimal classification at the end of 1932, the registry management remained unchanged. There existed main groups, marked with Roman numerals. The further subdivision (Arabic numeral) referred to the subject group and the third numeral to the file unit (e.g. I.1.No.4). The administrative subordination of the Charité Hospital under 4 different central authorities (from 1727 Armen-Direktion, 1817 Regierung Berlin, 1822 Polizei-Präsidium Berlin, 1830 -1846 Kuratorium für die Krankenhaus-Angelegenheiten, from 1846 Ministerium für die geistlichen-, Unterrichts- und Medizinalangelegenheiten direkt) also had an effect on the registry conditions. Thus the files of the individual superior authorities kept on the Charité were inserted after the change of the subordination relationship of the registry of the Charité Directorate and continued there. The files, which were not continued at the Charité directorate, were retained in order not to break the historical context. The competent State Archives have been consulted and have given their consent. With the introduction of the new file plan at the end of 1932, two registry layers were created, so that according to § 62 OVG a separation of both registry layers was carried out while continuing the archive signatures. There was no interworking according to § 63 OVG. The new file plan was four-digit (Arabic numerals) and was initially retained in the years after 1945. TWO. Access: Before the takeover, the inventory was located in the administration building of the Faculty of Medicine (Charité). A pre-regulation after the registry signatures had already taken place. In order to be able to carry out archive indexing and to achieve controlled use, it was necessary to transfer the holdings to the university archive. The takeover took place in the spring of 1961. The archive had to be rearranged according to the registry signatures, which took place in the autumn of 1961. The collection also includes approx. 500 books of recordings/receptions from the 1st half of the 18th century to the end of the 19th century, which are stored separately and were not included in the finding aid book. III. archival treatment: After completion of the order work 1963 with the listing was begun. The file units were listed individually. The "extended distortion" (§ 87 OVG) was applied. The internal order was based on the existing registry order, since this remained unchanged during the activity of the registry trainer (§ 61 OVG). A reorganization was therefore not necessary (§ 65 - 68 OVG). The stocktaking process was carried out in accordance with § 49 OVG, since the number of files of the poor directorate, the government of Berlin, the police headquarters and the board of trustees for hospital affairs, which were not continued, is very small. In spite of the two existing registry layers, a continuous distortion of the inventory was carried out. The indexing was carried out in the years 1963 - 1965 by the then head of the university archive, Mr. Kossack. Citation style: HU UA, Charité-Verwaltungsdirektion.01, No. XXX. HU UA, ChVD.01, No. XXX.
Foreword: History of the registry sculptor The teaching of forestry in Prussia was already given before the founding of the university in Berlin. This took place first in the context of the mountain academy. After the foundation of the Berlin University in 1810 G.L. Hartig continued the teaching. It was not until 1821 that the "Forst-Akademie Berlin" was founded. This institution, which was headed by the former Professor F.W.L. Pfeil, did not belong to the university, but was a "special institute" associated with the university. Since, however, the practical training in Berlin came too short, after negotiations with Wilhelm v. Humboldt, it was achieved that the Ministry for Spiritual, Teaching, and Medical Affairs (Kultus-Ministerium) ordered the relocation of the institution to Eberswalde. On May 1, 1830, teaching began in Eberswalde, initially as the "Höhere Forst-Lehr-Anstalt". The aim of the training was to qualify as a forestry administration service. The institution was headed by a director. In 1868, under Danckelmann's leadership, who was primarily committed to the development of the natural sciences, the former forestry academy was renamed the "Forst-Akademie". The subordination of the Forst-Akademie changed several times. When the Lehr-Anstalt was founded, the administration of domains and forests was subordinated to the Prussian Ministry of Finance. In 1835 this administration came into the business area of the "Ministry of the Royal House". Since 1848 the Ministry of Finance was again responsible. From the year 1878 on the Prussia was now. Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests. This subordination lasted until 1933, when the Prussian State Forestry Administration was spun off from the Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests and directly subordinated to the Prussian Prime Minister. In March 1935, the State Forestry Office was merged with the Reich Forestry Office founded in 1934 and now bore the designation "Reich Forestry Office and Prussian State Forestry Office". Supervision of the Eberswalde Forestry University fell within the remit of the State Forestry Office. In 1921, the former Forestry Academy was granted the status of a university with a rectorate constitution. At the same time, she was granted the right of doctorate and postdoctoral lecturing qualification. In June 1939, the Reich Minister for Science, Education and National Education took over the supervision of teaching, while the Reich Forestry Office remained responsible for research matters. The first statutes date back to 1884. After that it was the task of the Forestry Academy to train candidates for service in the state administration scientifically and practically. The Minister for Agriculture, Domains and Forestry appointed a course gate, usually the respective Oberlandforstmeister, later State Secretary in the Reich Forestry Office, who was in charge of the direct supervision of the Forestry Academy. The Director was responsible for the management of the Academy. The appointments of the professors were made by the Minister. These "provisions" were reworded in 1908 as "Statutes". After the previous Forest Academy was converted into the "Forstliche Hochschule" in 1921, the new version of the statutes had become necessary. The Prussian. The State Ministry issued the "Statutes of the Eberswalde and Hann. Münden Forestry University" on 17 Oct. 1922. These statutes remained in force until 1945, apart from a few amendments. The educational goal of the university remained the training of cadres for the Prussian state forest administration. The institution of the curator also remained. The management bodies were active: The Rector The College of Professors; The Faculty. The Rector was elected for 1 year by the College of Professors. He was in charge of the university and was also responsible for the administration. The teaching areas, which served the education of the students, were led by professors, but were administratively under the control of the government forestry offices (with the government presidents). While the existing experimental departments were integrated into the new university, the "Forstl. Department" as Prussia. Forstl. Versuchsanstalt" from 1.4.1923 into the area of the Ministry. In 1930, when the 100th anniversary of Forstl. college, the following institutes were available: Silviculture (Prof. Dengler) Meteorologist (Prof. J. Bartels) Wood research (Prof. Schwalbe) Soil science (Prof. Albert) Botany (Prof. Noack) Zoology (Prof. Eckstein, Wolff) Seed testing centre (Prof. Schmidt). In 1934 the wood research institute was spun off from the university. As the "Reichs-Anstalt für Holzforschung" it was directly subordinated to the Reich Forestry Office. In 1945 the Forstl. University the following institutes: Meteorological-physical. Institute (Prof. Geiger) Chemical Institute (Prof. Trénel) Institute of Soil Science (Prof. Wittlich) Botanical Institute (Prof. Liese) Zoological Institute (Prof. Schwerdtfeger) Fisheries Institute (Prof. Schäperclaus) Institute of Forest Science (Prof. Hesmer) Institute of Silviculture Technology (Prof. Hesmer) Krahl-Urban) Institute for Forest Seed Science and Reproduction Breeding (Prof. Schmidt) Institute for Forest Establishment (Prof. Kohl) Institute for Forest Use and Labor (Prof. Hilf) Institute for Forest Policy and Business Administration (Prof. Lemmel). In addition to the aforementioned training areas, there were also training facilities: the Harz Office of the Reich Forester, the kiln and a sawmill. Due to the total collapse of the fascist state, the teaching activities in Eberwalde were also stopped for the time being. By Order No. 107 of the SMAD of 8 Apr. 1946, Forstl. Eberswalde University of Applied Sciences as a forestry faculty of the University of Berlin. Registratur,- u. Bestands-Geschichte I. Registratur-Verhältnisse: There is no information available about the structure and development of the registry of the Eberswalde Forestry Academy. There is only one regulation on the course of business, which mainly determined the course of documents from receipt to completion of processing. This "regulatory" also prescribed the layout of expiring documents and their treatment by the registry. There can be no doubt that at least until the introduction of the new registry at Forstl. Eberswalde University of Applied Sciences. The order of the registries was based on signatures, whereby the main groups were identified by Roman numerals and the individual file units by Arabic numerals. This results in the following registry scheme: I, No. 1-53: Organisation of the Forest Service (Forstl. University, teaching and research, celebrations and festivities, doctorates and habilitations. II, No. 2-15: Land, building and construction matters. III, No. 1-10: Budget, - and accounting. IV, No. 1-4: Collection and library matters. Exhibitions. V., No. 1: Admission of students. VI: Examination matters. X: Personnel matters. The registry scheme introduced in 1939 was reconstructed as follows on the basis of the existing file units: 0: Basic 1: Budget and accounting (basic); 2: Library matters; 3: Personnel matters: 4: Teaching and teaching; 5: Examination matters; 6: Celebrations and festivities; 7: Property, construction, budget matters; 8: Research and institute matters; 9: Employment of forestry officials. These main groups were extended to a two-digit and three-digit system. This order could essentially be maintained, since it was set up according to an order scheme which was applied during the time of the existence of the Forstl. University remained unchanged. (§ 61 O.V.G.). The new registry order introduced in 1939 could also be retained, as it documents a clear inventory structure. A reorganisation was therefore not necessary. TWO. Access: On Dec. 14, 1961, on the occasion of an inspection by the former Faculty of Forestry in Eberswalde, it was determined that there were approx. 6-7 running metres of forest on the floor of the administration building. files from the years before 1945. They were Forstl files. Eberswalde University of Applied Sciences from the years 1830-1945. According to the overview obtained at that time, the existing stock was already very incomplete. An immediate backup of the still existing files was maintained as necessary and the rectorate was suggested to transfer them to the archive as soon as possible. The faculty management initially objected to the levy. At the beginning of Jan. 1962, the rectorate decided that the files should be sent to the Humboldt University archives, unless special reasons were put forward for their stay in Eberswalde. In July 1962, the Dean of the Faculty was asked by the Rectorate to arrange for the files to be transferred to the archives. In the meantime, the decision had been made to dissolve the faculty in Eberswalde. This delayed the handover again. A discussion held in Eberswalde showed that the forestry institute of the German Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which took over the continuation of the research affairs in Eberswalde, wanted to take over the existing file material. In April 1963, the State Secretariat for Higher Education decided, on the basis of a report by the university management, that the files in question should be sent to the Humboldt University archives. The final takeover then took place in September 1963. III. Archival processing: The transfer of the file units had been carried out with a list of files. Since on almost all files registry signatures were present, after the storage possibility was created, the existence was initially pre-ordered by the Koll. Rambeau and at the same time worthless written material (.v.a. voucher material) was separated out. For preliminary orientation, a registry scheme was drawn up from which it was possible to determine without difficulty the structure of the then registry according to main groups. At the recording, which was carried out in the months October to December 1965 by the head of the archive, colleague Kossack, two registration layers could be determined. The older registry order, marked with the Roman numbers I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and X, was kept until about Nov. 1939, as was evident from the file management. From November 1939 a 3-digit file plan with the main groups 0-9 was introduced. This document, which was taken from the document containers and bundled in disorder, had to be sorted according to the existing signatures and new files had to be created. Since some fileplan items contain only one activity, in some cases several subjects have been grouped together in one document container. The "extended indexing" (§ 87 OVG.) was applied to the indexing of the holdings in order to ensure the most intensive possible indexing of the file units. This was regarded as all the more necessary as the total stock was very incomplete. The group listing (§ 91 OVG.) took place in the cases "Bibliotheks-Angelegenheiten" and "Aufnahme der Zöglinge". Both registry layers were regarded as the basis for the creation of partial inventories, with reference notes being made for the corresponding file units. (§ 62 OVG). The existing personnel files were listed individually at the end of the inventory. A name, - u. Sach-Register is supposed to facilitate the finding of the archives for the user. Sources, - and literature reference I. Unprinted sources: University Archive of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Forstl. Hochschule Eberswalde: Hand File Archive No.299. II. Printed Sources: Handbook on the Prussian State for the Year 1935, 139th Edition, Partial Edition II, Berlin 1935 Overview of the holdings of the Geheimen Staats-Archiv zu Berlin-Dahlem, issue 24 of the Mitteilungen der Preußischen Archivverwaltung by Dr. E. Müller and Dr. E. Posener, Berlin 1934. III. Literature: Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, supplement to the anniversary course 1959/60. Note: OVG = Ordnungs,- u. Verzeichnungs-Grundsätze für die staatlichen Archive der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, published by the Staatl. Archivverwaltung, Potsdam 1964. Citation method: HU UA, Eberswalde Forestry College.01, No. XXX. HU UA, FHE.01, No. XXX.
Preface: History of the Registrar Profiler The Faculty of Law of Berlin University has existed since the founding of the University in 1810 alongside the Faculties of Theology, Medicine and Philosophy. The statutes of the University of Berlin of October 1816, which remained in force until the enactment of the "Statutes of the Prussian Universities and Technical Colleges" in 1930, had provided in § 4 for the formation of a "legal department".(1) The constitution and the legal status of the Faculty of Law resulted from the "Statutes of the Faculty of Law of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin" of 1838.(2) Thereafter the Faculty of Law had the task of teaching law. The rights and duties of the faculty as an authority consisted 1. in the supervision of teaching in its fields and its completeness; 2. in the supervision of students in scientific and moral respects and the granting of benefits and bonuses; 3. in the granting of academic dignity."(3) The first lectures were held in the winter semester 1810/11 by Professors Schmalz, von Savigny and Biener.(4) The number of students enrolled at the faculty was 53 in the first semester of its existence, then fell to six during the wars of liberation, and then grew continuously after the end of the war (summer semester 1825: 585, winter semester 1830/31: 701). In addition to its teaching activities, the Faculty of Law at Berlin University had since its foundation the character of a so-called "Spruchkollegium"(5) According to the procedural law in force at the time, the Spruchbehörde had the task of drafting judgments in proceedings before the courts. Through the introduction of the Reichsjustizgesetze after the Reich unification from above the Spruchkollegien lost their meaning. Although regular seminaristic exercises had already been carried out since 1819, above all to introduce the older sources of law, it was not until 1875 that a "Legal Seminar" was founded, which had the task of primarily preparing young academics for academic research through exercises in the field of legal history.(6) Since 1908, the Legal Seminar has served the education of all students. In 1887, the German Studies Department of the Law Department became the "Seminar für deutsches Recht" (Seminar for German Law), which was initially directly subordinated to the Ministry of Culture. The Legal Seminar existed until 1945. In addition, the "Criminalistic Seminar" had existed since 1899, which had to train the next generation of university lecturers in criminal law as a specialist seminar. From 1887 to 1896, on the basis of an agreement with the Russian government under the direction of Professor Eck, the so-called "Russian Institute" was concerned with the training of Russian students in Roman law.(7) In the following years, and especially since 1918, several other institutes were founded, such as the "Church Law Institute" in the summer semester of 1917 and the "Institute for Foreign and Economic Law" in the winter semester of 1920/21. On 1.11.1935 the "Institute for State Research" was transferred from Kiel to the University of Berlin. In February 1936, the former Faculty of Law was renamed the Faculty of Law and Political Science, and the areas of political science and economics that had previously belonged to the Faculty of Philosophy were integrated into the new Faculty.(8) Thus, the new Faculty was expanded to include the "Department of Political Science and Statistics", which had previously belonged to the Faculty of Philosophy. The "Kommunalwissenschaftliche Institut", which was founded in August 1928 as the first of its kind in Germany, was also transferred to the Faculty of Law and Political Science. The task of this institute was to provide an introductory training for candidates of higher career in municipal service. On 1.1.1937 a new "Institute for Commercial Law" was founded. The director Professor Hedemann had headed a similar institute at the University of Jena. In 1937 two further institutes were founded, the "Sozialwissenschaftliche Institut für Volkswohlfahrtspflege" and the "Institut für Wohnungs- und Siedlungswesen". The so-called Sozialwissenschaftliche Institut für Volkswohlfahrtspflege, which had been founded by the fascist NS-Volkswohlfahrt, had the task, under the direction of the head of the main office Hilgenfeldt, of working on the area of Volkswohlfahrtspflege. The "Institut für Wohnungs- und Siedlungswesen" (Institute for Housing and Settlement), which was concerned with teaching and research activities in the field of housing and settlement, should also be mentioned. With effect from 1.10.1938, the "Institute for Labour Law", which had previously existed at the University of Kiel, was transferred to the University of Berlin. Professor Siebert became director of the institute. In February 1940 the "Staatswissenschaftlich-Statistische Seminar" was given the name "Institut für Wirtschaftswissenschaft". By decree of the Reich Ministry of Science of 12 March 1940, the "Institute for Air Law" was moved from Leipzig to Berlin and assigned to the Faculty of Law and Political Science. Since the winter semester of 1942/43 there has been an "Institute for Commercial and Company Law" under the direction of Professor Gieseke. In March 1943 the "Institute for Youth Law" was founded, which according to the statutes had the task of teaching and research in the field of youth law, especially in the field of neglect research. The institution was particularly supported by the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Reich Student Leadership.(9) According to the files available, this institute did not seem to have been active until the collapse of the fascist state. In January 1943, the Department of Politics of the Institute for Politics and International Law was transferred from the University of Kiel to the Faculty of Law and Political Science under the name "Institute for Politics".(10) Nothing is known about the effectiveness of this institute, which was moved to Wittenberg in September 1944 and whose director was Professor Ritterbusch. After the reopening of the university in 1946, the aforementioned institutes were dissolved, with the exception of the Institute of Labour Law, Criminalistics and the Legal Seminar. (1) cf. Statuten der Universität zu Berlin, Berlin o.J. S.5 (2) cf. "Statuten der Juristischen Fakultät der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin", Berlin 1838 (3) ibid. § 3 (4) cf. Vorlesungsverzeichnis und Index lectionum der Universität Berlin für das erste Semester ihrer Bestehens 1810/11, facsimile print, Berlin 1910 (5) cf. "Geschichte der Berliner Juristischen Fakultät als Spruch-Kollegium" by E. Seckel in: Lenz, Max, History of the University of Berlin, vol. 3, Berlin 1910, p. 449f (6) cf. in this regard: Lenz, Max, a.a.O. S.25f (7) cf. UA of HU, Jur. Fak. No. 60 and 61 (8) see Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of 1.4.1936, page 7 (9) see UA of the HU Best. UK, No.824 (Institute for Youth Law) (10) cf. UA of HU Best. UK, Nr.823 (Institut für Politik) Registratur- und Bestandsgeschichte 1. Registraturverhältnisse The registry of the Faculty of Law has been administered centrally by the university registry since the University was founded(1) The order within the registry has been arranged very simply in alphabetical keyword order. This order was maintained until 1945. Since the tasks and the structure of the faculty have remained constant since its foundation in 1810, the registry conditions have also remained unchanged. 2. access The holdings have been in the university archives since 1954. As a result of the alphabetical order of keywords, the use was extremely difficult. Only a keyword overview was available. 3. archival treatment The existing keyword order could not be taken as a basis for the order, since there were no factual connections. Therefore, three main groups with the corresponding subgroups were formed. This structure is clear and unambiguous, providing the user with a well-structured inventory overview. A name and subject register is located at the end of the index. The order and distortion was carried out in the summer of 1966. A revision took place in 2008/09/10. (1) see Findbuch Rektor und Senat der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 1835-1945, S.IX, Berlin 1962 in the UA of the HU Quellennachweis: 1.Archivalien: Archiv der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin: Bestand Universitätskurator Nr.823, 824 Bestand Juristische Fakultät (Dekanat) Nr.60, 61 2.Druckschriften: Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin from 1.4.1936 Chronicle of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin Years 1915-1938 Lenz, Max: Geschichte der Universität Berlin, vol. 3, Berlin 1910 Personal- und Vorlesungsverzeichnis der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 1920-1945 Statuten der Universität Berlin, 1920-1945 Statuten der Juristischen Fakultät der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 1838 Vorlesungsverzeichnis und Index lectionum der Universität Berlin für den erste Semester ihrer Bestehens 1810/11, Faksimile-Druck, Berlin 1910 Bestandsgliederung A Fakultätsangelegenheiten 1. Fundamental questions of science and higher education policy 2. Statutes of the Faculty 3. Minutes of Faculty Meetings 4. Election of the Dean 5. Organisation of Studies 6. Lectures, Internships, Courses 7. Course Catalogues 8. Chairs 9. Institutes and Classrooms 10. Study Reform and Curricula 11. Celebrations, Anniversaries, Honours 12. Scientific Societies 13. Conferences and meetings 14. Foreign relations 15. Cash, fees and fees 16. Libraries and publications 17. History of the university and the faculty 18. Habilitations 19. Doctorates and honorary doctorates B Affairs of the teaching staff 1. Professors-S., generalia 2. official clothing of professors 3. busts and pictures of deceased professors 4. appointments and emeritations of ordinary professors 5. income of professors 6. honorary professors, lecturers, assistants, lecturers 7. support of the surviving dependents of professors 8. support of the surviving dependents of professors Voluntary work 9. Expert activity C Student matters 1. Previous training of students 2. Matriculations, exmatriculations 3. Examinations 4. Foundations and support 5. Sports, work service and compulsory military service 6. Disciplinary matters 7. Associations and clubs Citation: HU UA, Faculty of Law.01, No. XXX. HU UA, Jur.Fak.01, No. XXX.
Administrative history/biographical data: 1881 - Foundation of the Agricultural College 01.11.1934 - Integration of the College into the University as Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Agriculture and Department of Veterinary Medicine October 1937 - Division into a Faculty of Agriculture and a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Some files of the LHS are also available in the TU archives (according to the German version of the German Official Gazette). Information by Dr. Irina Schwab, Oct. 2015) -Institut für Gartenkunst und Lanschaftsgestaltung: Studienpläne, Prüfungsordnungen, Instangelegenh. 1930-1969: Signatur: 208 (29 AE) - Institut für Obstbau: Patent- und Leachtangelegenheiten. 1930-1965 (5 AE) Citation method: HU UA, Agricultural University.01, No. XXX. HU UA, LWH.01, No. XXX.
Order and Classification: The MfN holdings are listed in the University Archives under the name "Zoologisches Museum" and sorted by access number. The existing stock was presumably re-sorted several times over the years. At the end of 2017/beginning of 2018, the cartoned MfN inventory was entered into our Augias database system in autopsy, classified and a finding aid book created. The FB index is based on the page numbers. Foreword: The basis for the museum, initially known as the Zoological Museum, was formed by the zoological objects transferred to the University by the Royal Chamber of Art. The collections were housed on the second floor of the eastern wing of the university building. The museum was to be "the centre for the state's zoological collections and an educational institution for all the people". Soon after the foundation, however, the government withdrew all anatomical specimens and transferred them to Prof. Rudolphi (1771-1832) to establish his own collection. The museum, without a regular budget, was financed by donations. A registry was established in 1819. "In 1836, the museum was renamed a "collection" because the first title was intended for art museums only". After 1856 the institution was again called "Zoological Museum". The new building, intended to house the geological-paleontological, mineralogical-petrographical and zoological collections of the University, was given the name "Museum of Natural History" by ministerial decree of 7 May 1887. The building of the Museum für Naturkunde, ceremoniously opened on 2 December 1889, was erected on the site of the former Royal Iron Foundry in Berlin in the years 1883-1889. During the construction work, it was decided to separate the collections into a joint display collection of the three museums housed in the Museum für Naturkunde (ground floor) and several further separate main collections (1st and 2nd floors). The collections were open to the public several days a week. From 1911, official guided tours and lectures, led by a scientific official, took place. They were interrupted during the First World War. The collections each included their own institutes. In 1884, in connection with the appointment negotiations of Franz Eilhard Schulze (1840-1921), the Zoological Institute, which was also housed in the museum building, gained its independence as a special institution. The University Archive therefore has its own "Zoological Institute" collection with a separate index. The shops, which related to the museum as a whole, were managed by an administrative director for all parts of the tripartite Museum of Natural History. For the donors of more important gifts, donor boards were placed in the exhibition halls and in the atrium. In 1898 Möbius founded the "Mitteilungen aus dem zoologischen Museum in Berlin". In 1901 the building was connected to the municipal power stations. An extension of the museum building began on August 1, 1914. The building of the Museum für Naturkunde also housed the Institute for Genetics of the University of Berlin (H. Timofeeff-Ressowsky) and the "German Institute for Gem and Pearl Research at the University of Berlin" (German Gem Institute, Director: Ramdohr), which was founded on April 1, 1928. In the 2nd World War one wing of the building was completely destroyed and the entire building was severely damaged. When it reopened to the public on 16 September 1945, it was temporarily given the name Deutsches Zoologisches Museum (German Zoological Museum). Student education had already been resumed in the summer of 1945. From 10.01.-31.12.1947 the Museum für Naturkunde (or only the part Zoologisches Museum) belonged to the German Academy of Sciences. The files available here end around 1954, and are presumed to be located in the historical workroom of the Museum für Naturkunde. The current no. 075 - 082 were missing during the database entry on 07.11.2017 and probably already during the move in 2016. Claudia Hilse, 17.01.2018 Sources: - Chronicle of the FWU - Lenz, Max: History of the Royal FWU. - Third volume. - Hallle, 1910 - HU/UA, MfN: 178 Period to: 1954 Period from: 1812 Citation method: HU UA, Museum of Natural History.01, No. XXX. HU UA, MfN.01, No. XXX. State of development, extent: 193 files in 38 cartons: approx. 5.3 running meters
Order and classification: Formerly secret promotions were probably already taken from the general files by the file maker and kept separately, presumably in a so-called "iron cupboard". These procedures can now be found, if they still exist, in the rear part of the collection under the file title "Secret Doctorates". CH, 07.12.2017 Foreword: History of the registry trainer The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Berlin University was established by decree of the Reich Minister of Science, Education and Popular Education with effect from 01 April 1936. The following institutes were transferred from the Faculty of Philosophy, which previously included both the humanities and the natural sciences, to the business area of the new faculty: Mathematical Institute Institute for Applied Mathematics Seminar for the Education of Students in Scientific Computing I. Physical Institute II. Physikalisches Institut I. Institute for Theoretical Physics II. Institute for Theoretical Physics Institute for Height Radiation Research Meteorological Institute Chemical Institute Physical-Chemical Institute Technological Institute Pharmaceutical Institute Museum of Natural History Mineralogical-Petrographic Institute Geological-Paleontological Institute Zoological Institute Zoological Museum Plant Physiology Institute Botanical Museum Geographical Institute and Museum of Oceanography The faculty also provided training: University observatory in Potsdam-Babelsberg Astronomisches Recheninstitut Deutsches Institut für Perlen- und Edelsteinforschung Botanischer Garten Geodätisches Institut (Potsdam) Geophysikalisches Institut (Potsdam) 1) Nothing significant changed in this composition until 1945. It should only be mentioned that in November 1942 an "Institute for Race Biology" was founded. The separation of the natural sciences from the humanities took place at a relatively late stage in Berlin. 2) The faculty's teaching staff consisted of 37 full professors 1 reading member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences 2 full honorary professors 20 honorary professors 3 civil servants extraordinary professors 47 non-official extraordinary professors 40 lecturers 3 assistant lecturers 1 lecturer In the winter semester 1944/45 the faculty consisted of 37 full professors 1 reading member: 34 full professors 10 released full professors 3 reading members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences 3 extraordinary professors 1 released extraordinary professor 1 visiting professor 14 honorary professors 1 released ordinary honorary professor 53 extraordinary professors 5 non-official extraordinary professors 46 lecturers 12 lecturers 12 lecturers The teaching staff included such outstanding and internationally known and respected university professors and researchers as M. Planck, M. v. Laue, E. Schrödinger, E. Schmidt, W. Nernst, W. Heisenberg, P. A. Thiessen and M. v. Ardenne. From April 1, 1936 to May 8, 1945 Prof. Dr. Ludwig Bieberbach was dean of the faculty. 1) See Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, No. 7 of 1.4.1936, p. 149, 155 2) Negotiations had already taken place in 1923/24 because of the division of the philosophical faculty, but these were unsuccessful because of the negative attitude of the majority of the faculty members. Cf. to this: University Archive of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Faculty of Philosophy - Dean's Office - No. 12, pp. 12/13, 30-42 Registratur- und Bestandsgeschichte 1st Registraturverhältnisse: The registry was administered by the dean's office. The order within the registry was done in the simplest way according to the alphabetical keyword system (e.g. "General" = A). Access 2: The holdings have been in the custody of the University Archives since its foundation (1954). It consists of 12 file units of business files and 239 volumes of habilitation and doctoral files. Since there is no list of files, it is not possible to determine whether the files have been handed down in their entirety. It must, however, be assumed that the greater part of the business files has been lost, while the habilitation and doctoral files are completely available. 3. archival treatment: The keyword order could not be used as a basis for the order of the stock. Three main groups were therefore formed. The order of the stock took place in August 1970 by the undersigned. The recording of the file units had already been carried out at an earlier date. Berlin in August 1970 signed Dipl.-Hist. Kossack, Head of Archive References: 1st archive: Archive of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, holdings: Faculty of Philosophy - Dean's Office - No. 12 2nd publications: Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, No. 7 of April 1, 1936 Staff Directory of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 127th Rectorate Year 1936/37 Course Catalogues of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 1936-1945 Inventory Structure: 1st Faculty Matters 2nd Faculty Matters 3rd Student Matters Period until: 1958 Period from: 1924 Citation Method: HU UA, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences.01, No. XXX. HU UA, MNF.01, No. XXX.
Administrative history/biographical information: Conrad Bornhak (* 21 March 1861 in Nordhausen; † 9 February 1944 in Berlin) was a German legal and constitutional historian. After obtaining his doctorate in law in Göttingen in 1885, Bornhak habilitated at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin in 1887. From 1893 to 1900 he held the office of judge, first in Prenzlau. From 1897 he was a university lecturer at the Berlin University as an associate professor in the field of constitutional and international law at the Prussian Academy of War in Berlin. Despite his emeritus status in 1924, he was only suspended from teaching in 1926 because of antipublics. Bornhak then continued her studies at the University of Cairo from 1928 to 1931. After his return to Germany, he taught again until the winter semester of 1939/40, when the dean, on ministerial instruction, ordered the end of his teaching activities. Order and classification: Manuscripts and typoscripts are combined in one unit of description. 3, 110 combined under 31 10, 54, 93 combined under 10 19, 76, 103 combined under 19 2, 36, 48 combined under 48 8, 29 combined under 29 9, 4, 14 combined under ... summarized 34, 11 under 34 Foreword: Conrad Bornhak, born 1861 in Nordhausen, died 1944 in Berlin. 1885 doctorate in law in Göttingen, 1887 habilitation in Berlin. 1897 Associate Professor of Constitutional and International Law at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin, lecturer at the Prussian Academy of War. 1924 emeritus, 1926 suspension from teaching due to republican remarks. Afterwards lecturer at the University of Cairo. Information on the estate Scope: 104 AU; 0.4 m Running time: 1898-1932 Signature: HUB, UA, NL Bornhak Content: Handwritten legal opinions on various professions, special editions, newspaper clippings State of development: developed Use: after registration Inventory history: These documents from the estate of Prof. Bornhak (21.03.1861 Nordhausen - 09.02.1944 Berlin; Pd 1887, a.o.Prof.11.06.1898 for constitutional and administrative law and criminal proceedings, released 1926) were handed over by Prof. Albert Predeek (1883-1956 - then director of the TH Berlin) shortly before the end of the Second World War to Prof. Heinrich Wienhaus (Tharandt) and by his son Prof. Otto Wienhaus in 2014 to the University Archive of the TU Dresden for safekeeping. The head of the university archive of the TU Dresden, Dr. Matthias Lienert, handed over these documents to the head of the university archive of the HUB, Dr. Winfried Schultze, on 05 December 2014.
Preface: Biographical information about the descendant Emil Seckel was published on 10.1.1864 in Neuenheim-Heidelberg as son of the pharmacist Dr. phil. Georg Seckel was born. The Seckel family owned the Löwenapotheke in Stuttgart. There Emil Seckel attended the Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium. From 1882 to 1886 Seckel devoted himself to the study of law in Leipzig (among others with Hellwig) and Tübingen. After completing his studies in 1887, he began working as a trainee lawyer at the Stuttgart-Stadt district court. In 1889 he went to Tübingen as a private scholar and in the following years travelled through the libraries and archives of Germany, France and above all Italy. On 21.2.1895 he received a doctorate in law in Tübingen for his work "Zu den Akten der Triburer Synode 895" without having passed a doctoral examination in the true sense. Shortly afterwards, on 17.7.1895, he habilitated as a private lecturer in Berlin, which became his second home. At the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin he was appointed extraordinary professor for Roman law on 13.6.1898 and ordinary professor for Roman law on 24.11.1901. From 1905 to 1906 he was Dean of the Faculty of Law. Seckel's work at Berlin University was crowned by his activity as rector in 1920/21. In 1912 Seckel became a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences at Heinrich Brunner's suggestion. In addition, in 1915 he became head of the Leges of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Since 1916 he was also co-editor of the journal of the Savigny Foundation for Legal History. Seckel's scientific development was strongly influenced by the Tübingen law faculty, especially by G. Hartmann, H. Degenkolb and G. Mandry. His unprinted beginner's work "The foundation's foundation, especially among the living, according to Roman-Justinian law, as well as according to the teaching of glossators and postglossators up to the 16th century" led him to the field of science that was decisive for him, legal-historical research. Here he made a considerable contribution to the restoration of classical Roman law and to research into the further development of post-Justinian vulgar law in the Middle Ages. He also contributed significantly to the study of the history of the origin of canon law from Roman and Germanic roots. Seckel's great knowledge of the legal manuscripts of the Middle Ages deserves special mention. Thus, the edition of unknown or previously incorrectly edited legal-historical sources occupied a large space in his work. However, Seckel always saw his studies on the history of law from the point of view of improving the understanding of current law. On the occasion of the centenary of Berlin University, Seckel was awarded the title of Red Eagle Order IV in 1910. Class awarded. On the occasion of his 60th birthday, he also received an honorary doctorate from the Faculty of Philosophy at Königsberg University. From his marriage with Paula Hinschius, daughter of the church law teacher Paul Hinschius, which was closed on 10.5.1898 in Berlin, three children emerged: Irmgard, Helmut and Dietrich. Emil Seckel died after a long illness on 26.4.1924 in the sanatorium Wehrawald near Todtmoos in the Black Forest. Publications The establishment of the foundation, in particular also among the living, according to Roman-Justinian law, as well as according to the teaching of glossators and postglossators, Preisschrift, Tübingen 1886 (handwritten) Contributions to the history of both rights in the Middle Ages. Vol.1 On the History of Popular Literature under Roman-Canonical Law, Tübingen 1898 Gai institutionum commenrii quattuor, separatum ex Juresprudentiae Anteiustinianae reliquis a Ph. Eduardo Huschke composites ediderunt E. Seckel et B. Kuebler, Leipzig 1903, 1906, 1908 History of Roman legal sources (supplement to lectures), 1904 Heimann's Handlexikon zu den Quellen des römischen Rechts (9th edition, newly edited), Jena 1907 Juresprudentiae Anteiustinianae reliquias in usum maxime academicum compusitus a Ph. Eduardo Huschke editione sexta aucta et emendata ediderunt E. Seckel et B. Kuebler, Leipzig vol.1 1908, vol.2 1911 Commemorative speech on Konrad Hellwig, 1913 Roman law and its science in the course of the centuries (speech at the beginning as rector), Berlin 1921 Paläographie der juristischen Handschriften des 12. bis 15. und der juristischen Drucke des 15. und 16. Die Summa Vindocinensis, Berlin 1939 (aus dem Nachlass herausgegeben von Erich Genzmer) Essays On the Files of the Tribur Synod 895, 1st treatise, in: Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft für ältere deutsche Geschichtskunde, 18.Bd. 1893 2 Abhandlungen in: New Archive, Vol. 20, 1895 Dr. Gustav Hartmann (obituary) in: Schwäbischer Merkur, Stuttgart 1894, No.273 Glosses for the Lex Dei from Cod. Just, Collectio Dacheriana, Benedictus Levita and Pseudo Isidor, in: Journal of the Savigny Foundation for Legal History, Rome. Dept., 20 Vol. 1899 Paul Hinschius, in: Deutsche Juristenzeitung, Vol. 4, 1899 Studies on Benedictus Levita, in: Neues Archiv I 26.Bd. 1901 II-V 29.Bd. 1904 VI 31.Bd. 1906 VII, Part I 34.Bd. 1909 VII, Part II 35.Bd. 1910 VII, Final Part III 35.Bd. 1910 VIII, Part I 39.Bd. 1914 VIII, part II 40.vol. 1916 VIII, part III 41.vol. 1917 The reorganization of the legal training course in Prussia, in: Deutsche Juristenzeitung, 7.Jg. 1902 The oldest canones of Rouen, gift for Karl Zeumer on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of his death.Birthday, 1910 Source finds on Lombard feudal law, in particular on the Extraroganten collections, in: Festgabe der Berliner Juristischen Fakultät für von Gierke, 1.Bd. 1910 Distinctiones Glossatorum, in: Festschrift der Berliner Juristischen Fakultät für Ferdinand von Martitz, 1911 inaugural speech at the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences, in: Sitzungsberichte 1912, II Über den Gnomen des Idios Nogos, in: Sitzungsberichte, 1913, II Benedictus Levita decurtatus et excerptus, in: Festschrift für H. Brunner on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of his doctorate on 8.4.1914 On three lost emperor laws from the Staufer period, in: Sitzungsberichte 1915, I Heinrich Brunner (obituary), in: Neues Archiv, 40.vol. 1916 The Files of the Worms Synod 868, in: Meeting Reports 1920 About the Carthaginian Inscription CIL 25045 - A Monument to Montanism under Canon Law, in: Meeting Reports 1921, I The Aachen Synod of January 819, in: Neues Archiv, 44.Vol. 1922 The 1st time of Pseudoisidor, the Hadriana review "In nomine domine incipit praefatio libri huius" and the history of invocations in legal sources, in: Sitzungsberichte 1922 Various articles in Hauck's Realenzyklopädie Editor Texts on the history of Roman and canonical law in the Middle Ages Evidence of further publications Seckels in: Abraham, Paul: Emil Seckel, an organic bibliography, 1924 Information about the person of Emil Seckel 1st Archival sources: Archive of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Stock University Curator, Personalia vor 1945, S 41 Stock Faculty of Law, Dean's Office vor 1945, current no. 16 (pp.199R), 16/1 (pp.6R, 17, 66), 64, 145, 494 (pp.105, 130-131, 136, 142-143, 252-256, 258), 495 (pp.10-11, 55-57, 66, 172-174), 497 (pp.64-74) 2nd library sources: Words at the grave of K. Holl, G. Roethe, V. Bruns, E. Heymann, 1924 Bruns, Victor: Emil Seckel in memory, in: Berliner Hochschul-Nachrichten 1924, 11th semester, 1.issue Feder, Ernst: Emil Seckel , in: Berliner Tageblatt, 53.Jg. Nr.207 Genzmer, Erich: Zum Todde Emil Seckels, in: Königsberger Allgemeine Zeitung, 1924 Nr.212 Heymann, Ernst: Emil Seckel , in: Deutsche Juristenzeitung, 29th year, 1924, Issue 11-12 Heymann, Ernst: Gedächtnisrede auf Emil Seckel, in: Sitzungsberichte 1924 Kipp, Theodor: Emil Seckel , in: Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsgeschichte, Rome. Abt., 44.Bd., 1924 Krammer, Mario: Emil Seckel, in: Vossische Zeitung, 1922 No.528 Krammer, Mario: Emil Seckel , in: Das Recht, Rundschau für den deutschen Juristenstand, 28.Jg. 1924, No.9 Menasse, Rudolf: Emil Seckel, ein Nachruf, in: Frankfurter Zeitung, 68.Jg., 1924 No.374 Menasse, Rudolf: Der Geist der Wissenschaft, in memoriam Emil Seckel, in: Zentralblatt für juristische Praxis, Vienna, 1924 42nd ed. Roces, W.: Emilio Seckel Revista de derecho privato, 11th volume No.130/131 Roethe, Gustav: Rede bei Übergabe des Rektorats der Universität Berlin, Berlin 1924 Emil Seckel, Professor of Law, died 26.4.1924 (A Collection of Obituaries and Memorial Speeches on the occasion of his Death), Berlin 1926 (with picture) The Faculty of Law of the University of Berlin from its Founding to the Present, ed. by O. Liebmann, Berlin 1910 (with picture) Abraham, Paul: Emil Seckel, eine Bio-Bibliographie, Berlin 1924 Genzmer, Erich: Gedächtnisschrift für Emil Seckel, Berlin 1927 Inventory history The estate of Emil Seckel was among the files of the collection Faculty of Law, Dean's Office before 1945, and was segregated. A registry order of the estate was not recognizable. The estate was processed according to the principles of order and registration of the archives of the GDR and the order was carried out according to factual aspects. A revision took place in 2009. Ilona Kalb Structure 1st Correspondence (A-Z) 2nd Proposals for the Reorganisation of Legal Education in Prussia 3rd Legal Provisions for Law Studies 4th Publications Books and Brochures Newspapers and Magazines Newspaper Articles
Foreword: Information from the Findbuch, which Archive Director Heinz Kossack compiled in September 1965, with a few more intensive annotations: Foreword: History of the Registratur-Bildners: Die Philosophische Fakultät der Berliner Universität besteht seit der Gründung der Universität im Jahr 1810 besteht. The statutes of the university from 1816 as well as the statutes of the faculty itself from 1838 provide comprehensive information about the tasks and the structure of the faculty. 1) These statutes remained in force until 1923 with some changes, except for a new version in 1912. 2) In July 1923 new statutes were prepared and negotiated on the basis of a decree of the Prussian Minister for Science, Art and National Education of 30 March 1923, which, however, according to the available documents were not concluded. 3) In March 1930, the Prussian State Ministry issued a new statute to the Berlin University, in which the legal status of the faculty as a "corporation and authority" was also stated. 4) As an authority, the faculty had the following tasks: 1. to supervise teaching in its fields and its completeness; 2. to supervise students from a scientific point of view; 3. to grant academic dignity. 5) At the turn of the century, the faculty is also referred to as an "authority" for the tasks of academic self-administration and state administration. It had the status of an independent state authority alongside the rector and senate. 6) The first lectures of the newly founded faculty began in the winter semester 1810/11 in the following scientific fields: Philosophy Mathematical Sciences Natural Sciences Cameralistic Sciences Fine Arts Historical Sciences Classical Studies Philological Sciences Modern Languages and Literature The first Dean of the Faculty was Fichte. With effect from April 1, 1936, the long-considered separation of the humanities and natural sciences was achieved by the formation of an independent Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. 7) This made it necessary to reorganize the faculty. Prof. Dr. Breloer became Dean of the new Faculty of Philosophy. The following institutes and seminars were now part of the Faculty of Philosophy: Philosophical Seminar Psychological Institute Pedagogical Seminar Institute for Political Pedagogy Seminar for Nationalities Studies Institute for Newspaper Studies Institute for Prehistory and Germanic Early History Historical Seminar Seminar for Eastern European History and Regional Studies Seminar for State Studies and Historical Geography Institute for Military Policy and Geography Archaeological Seminar Art History Institute Music History Seminar Institute for Sound Research Institute for Classical Studies Germanic Seminar Theatre Studies Institute Seminar for English Philology Seminar for Romance Philology Institute for Slavic Languages Hungarian Institute Indogermanic Seminar Seminar for Regional Geography Seminar for Languages and Literatures Hungarian Institute for Indo-European Institute for Languages and Literature Seminar for Languages and Literature and Classical Studies of the Orient Sinological Seminary Institute for Arabic and Islamic Studies Egyptological Seminary 8) The following changes occurred in the structure of the institutes until 1945: Newly founded: Seminar for German Folklore Institute for Folk Art Research The Seminar for State Studies and Historical Geography was integrated into the Historical Seminar as a department for regional history and historical geography. The Institute for Military Policy and Geography was renamed the "Wehrpolitisches Institut" and the archaeological seminar the "Winckelmann-Institut". The seminars for English and Romance Philology were renamed "English and Romance Seminars". The Seminar for Slavic Languages was given the name "Slavic Institute". Furthermore, the following were newly founded: "Institute for Portugal and Brazil", as well as the "Orient-Institut", into which previous sinological seminaries and the Institute for Arabic and Islamic Studies were integrated as departments. The last dean until 8 May 1945 was Prof. H. Grapow. 1) University Archives of Humboldt University: "Faculty of Philosophy." The Statutes of the Faculty, Archive No. 16, p. 144 and Statutes of the University of Berlin, no. J. Section II, p. 6 f (publication) 2) U.A. of the HU: Philos. Fak. Faculty: Ebenda, Archive No. 17, Sheet 181 f 3) Ebenda, B. 194 - 302 4) The Statutes of the Prussian Universities and Technical Colleges, Part 6. The University of Berlin, 1930, Pages 16 - 25. 5) Statutes of the Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin 1912, § 4 (printed). 6) E. Wende: "Grundlagen des Preußischen Hochschulrechts" Berlin 1930, p. 113 7) Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, B. 7 dated April 1, 1936 8) Amtsblatt der Friedrichs-Universität zu Berlin, Bl. 7 vom 1. April 1936, p. 155 Registratur und Bestandsgeschichte I. Registratur-Verhältnisse The registry of the Faculty of Philosophy has been managed centrally by the university registry since the university was founded. 1) The faculty thus had nothing to do with the keeping of its files. The order within the registry was done in the simplest way in alphabetical keyword order. This order was maintained until 1945. Since the tasks and the structure of the faculty remained constant since its foundation in 1810, the registry conditions also remained unchanged. The formation of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences in 1936 and the incorporation of the Faculty of Philosophy into the Faculty of Natural Sciences did not change anything in the existing stock. TWO. Access The holdings have been in the custody of the University Archives since it was founded in 1954. The alphabetical order of keywords was still used, so that its use was extremely difficult. There was also no overview of the existing files. III Archival processing Due to the existing keyword order, there were no factual connections within the holdings. It was therefore necessary to reorganise the stock. Functional groups had to be created and the individual record units assigned to these groups. A draft framework file plan for the scientific institutions facilitated this work. The inventory was first drawn up in order to make it easier to use. The group "Promotions" did not list the 733 volumes of promotion files individually, since they are already indexed by a card index. The order was done after the distortion. The same procedure was followed for the "Habilitations" group as for the doctorates. The existing faculty personal files are recorded in a special index of names. It was therefore decided not to include them again in the search book. On the other hand, the creation of a register of names and objects was recommended to make it easier for the user to work with the holdings. The order and indexing work was carried out in the months of July to September 1965 by the head of the archive, Dr. Heinz Kossack Quellen- und Literaturnachweis I. Quellen: 1. Archivalien Universitäts-Archiv der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Philosophische Fakultät: The Statutes of the Faculty, Archive No. 16 and 17 2. Publications: Statutes of the University of Berlin Statutes of the Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin 1912 The Statutes of the Prussian Universities and Technical Colleges, Part 6, "Die Universität Berlin" Berlin 1930 Official Gazette of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin Bl. 7 of April 1, 1936 Personnel and Course Catalogue of the University of Berlin Winter Semester 1944/45 II. Literature: E. Wende: "Grundlagen des Preußischen Hochschulrechts" Berlin 1930 1) see On this: Findbuch "Rector and Senate of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, 1835 - 1945" (in German) S. IX, Berlin 1962 in the U.A. of the HUB to Berlin citation way: HU UA, Faculty of Philosophy.01, No. XXX. HU UA, Phil.Fak.01, No. XXX.
Preface: The doctoral files of the Faculty of Philosophy until 1945 belong to the holdings of Phil.Fak.01, Dean's Office, 1810-1945. Citation method: HU UA, Faculty of Philosophy.01, No. XXX. HU UA, Phil.Fak.01, No. XXX.
Foreword: The indexing of the holdings Rector and Senate dates from 1962 and was carried out by the then Director of the University Archives, H. Kossack. It does not include the "leaving certificates" section, which contains drafts for the certificates of students up to 1945 requested by the university administration and is arranged chronologically. The sub-collection "Matrikelbände" is also not included in this list. Nonetheless, the complete lists of students (matriculations), arranged chronologically and according to years of rectorate, have been handed down up to 1945. Citation style: HU UA, Rector and Senate.01, No. XXX. HU UA, RS.01, No. XXX.
Provenance: FUB Archive 2012
Preface: The Faculty of Theology Dean's Office History of the Registrar's Educator The Faculty of Theology has existed since the founding of the university in 1810. However, the first colleges on Christian morality and hermeneutics were held by Schleiermacher as early as 22.11.1809.(1) In an expert opinion on the establishment of the Faculty of Theology from 25.5. to 22.11.1809, the first colleges were held in the Faculty of Theology.In 1810 Schleiermacher demanded a division of the subject matter into exegetical, dogmatic and practical theology and a seminar for scholarly theology for a closer connection between pupils and teachers and for the deepening of knowledge, pointing out that no difference should be made between the denominations and individual directions of the Protestant Church within the faculty.(2) As can be seen from the Faculty Statutes of 1838, Schleiermacher's proposals were also realized. The following disciplines were on the curriculum: Encyclopedia and Methodology of Theology Introduction to the Old and New Testaments Biblical Critique and Hermeneutics History of the Old Testament and Biblical Archaeology Interpretation of the Pentateuch, the Job, the Psalms and the Isaiah, the most important historical and didactic writings of the New Testament Church and Dogma History Dogmatics, theological Morality, Symbolism Practical Theology, in the whole and in individual branches. These disciplines were also confirmed in the faculty statutes of 1903. The Faculty of Theology at the University of Berlin was the leader in Germany in the 19th century. Among the most important professors of that time were Schleiermacher, Marheineke, de Wette, Neander, Hengstenberg and Twesten. At the end of the 19th century the faculty reached a new heyday through the work of the professors von Harnack on church history and von Schlatter on systematic topics. In the 20th century, under the deanship of Professors Stolzenburg and Seeberg, strong tendencies towards National Socialism also emerged in the Faculty of Theology. Supporters of the Confessing Church (e.g. Dietrich Bonhoeffer) were given leave and students were strictly forbidden to participate in their events. D. Werner Gruehn, professor of systematic theology and religious psychology, and Dr. Ernst Schubert, lecturer for foreign Germanism and the Church, represented National Socialist ideology. Both dealt with problems of "German people growth abroad" in connection with church issues. In the years 1847 to 1870 an academic service was held during the semester. The first plans were made in 1810, but could not be realized. The request of the faculty to establish a university church in 1830 was also not answered by the ministry, until in 1847 the energetic efforts of Professor Dr. Nitzsch succeeded in establishing a Protestant preaching position at the university. The first service took place on the 3rd Sunday of Advent 1847 in the Dorotheenstädtische Kirche. There was also a seal for the university preacher. From 1847 to 1855 Professor D. Nitzsch served as university preachers, from 1855 to 1858 Professor Wuttke and the private lecturers Lic. Strauss and Dr. Erdmann served as interim lecturers, and from 1858 to 1870 Professor Steinmeyer. In the year 1870 this office was abolished, since in Berlin no university, but only a personnel municipality had formed and no need for the holding of an academic service seemed to exist any longer.(3) On 5.11.1916 it was however again taken up and held up to 1923 by all professors in the turn in the Kaiser Wilhelm memory church.(4) Only with effect from 1.12.1923 the student priest received again a fixed remuneration. Until then, aid had to be requested to cover the most urgent costs of renting the church space, among other things. The Academic Divine Service was financially supported by the state until 1938,(5) but until 1945 it was no longer announced in the university calendars and regarded as an internal church matter. The student chaplain worked at the university until 1945. The following institutes were affiliated to the Faculty of Theology: 1. Theological Seminary In the summer semester of 1812 the Theological Seminary was opened.(6) It made subjects of theological scholarship its task and was divided according to the regulations of 31.5.1812 into two sections, the philological and the historical. Of these, the philological was once again divided into the Old Testament exegesis and the New Testament exegesis. The historical department, originally divided into church history and dogma history, continued to exist after a few years as a church history department. The systematic department was added around 1920, but hardly any further details exist about it. Over the years, the subdivisions developed into independent departments, which were only nominally connected by the dean as director of the seminar. In 1931 there were tendencies to make the four departments independent, but this proposal was rejected by the Ministry for financial reasons.(7) The seminar was endowed with scholarships and bonuses and therefore had to limit the number of its members to twenty. Although at first there was no uninterrupted direction for each department, in the course of time a constant direction developed through certain conductors, so that the conductors were later appointed. The changing directors of the Old Testament department show the changing currents of contemporary theology. Their first leader was de Wette until 1819. After interim stages, Professor Hengstenberg took over the seminar in 1826 and carried out the exercises in Latin until the introduction of the German language in the winter semester of 1846/47. Dillmann, who had led the seminar since 1869, retained the Latin language for his written works. It was not until the winter semester of 1881/82 that they were partly submitted in German. From 1.4.1884, the premiums for the work from the sovereign wealth fund ceased to apply. Since the seminar was no longer a scholarship institution at the same time, the limitation of participants became superfluous. Since 18.1.1887 the seminar also received means for the establishment of a library. The New Testament Department of the Theological Seminary was opened on the proposal of the Faculty of Theology of 6.4.1812 by the Regulations of the Department of Cultures and Public Education of 31.5.1812 as a subdivision of the Philological Department. Schleiermacher was the first director of the philological department. In the New Testament section, larger sections of the New Testament were treated in conversational work and written works were prepared. A special library for New Testament exegesis was available. In 1908 the seminar was divided into the Proseminar for beginners and the Seminar for advanced students.(8) The Department of Church History was headed by Professor Neander until 1850. During this time there were extensive lectures from all periods of church history, especially the old church history, and treatises on published works. To obtain seminar scholarships or bonuses, written work had to be written in Latin. Since 1906 the seminary has been divided into a department for early church history and a department for more recent church history. The practical-theological seminar Plans for the establishment of a Homiletian Institute were already worked out by Professor Marheineke and presented to the Ministry on April 3, 1821. Marheineke saw the purpose of the institute as the exercise of the students in the elaboration and presentation of spiritual speeches and in the evaluation of the presented. The Ministry welcomed the establishment of a Homiletic Society, but wanted it to be regarded as a private institute until the participation of the students ensured sufficient income. Around 1862 Professor Büttner founded a homiletic seminary at the university and planned a catechetical one. Until 1873 he carried out the corresponding exercises as an honorary professor. On 1 October 1875, Professor Pfleiderer finally opened the Practical Theological Seminary.(9) According to the regulations of 31 March 1876, it served the students to prepare them for the future spiritual profession through suitable exercises. Students of the first four semesters were not admitted to the seminar. The seminar consisted of a homiletic and a catechetic section, where a weekly seminar service was held in the homiletic instead of the speech exercises. The chapel of the cathedral candidate abbey served as a place of practice. In the catechetical department at first only exercises were held after private consultation with teachers. Since 1906, however, by decree of the Provinzialschulkollegium, students were allowed to spend one hour a week in the upper class of a community school. From the winter semester of 1912/13 onwards, regular liturgical and church music exercises were carried out following the seminar. Professor Kaweran was the leader of these exercises.(10) After his death in 1918 Professor Biehle took over the leadership.(11) 3. The Christian-archaeological and epigraphic collection According to the decree of the Prussian Ministry for Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs of 23.5.1849, the Christian-archaeological art collection (also Christian Museum) was founded in June 1849 after many years of efforts by Professor Piper. Professor Piper, who served as director of the Christian-Archaeological Collection until his death on 29.11.1889, mainly collected costly originals, copies of pictures and casts of originals with the purpose of making the students familiar with early Christian history. At first he kept the works of art in his apartment, but on 22.4.1850 he transferred them to a room in the school building at Friedrichstraße 126 with the permission of the school authorities.(12) Since spring 1891 they have been in the west wing of the university.(13) With this collection Professor Piper was the first in the world to create a model for all universities. His successor, Professor Müller, supplemented the existing collection with plaster casts, photographs and other illustrations of early Christian and medieval monuments and from 1890 devoted himself particularly to building up a library. After the death of Professor Müller on 3.9.1912, Professor Deißmann took over the management of the collection on a representative basis and Professor Stuhlfauth on 1.4.1913. Since 31.3.1924 Professor Lietzmann was involved in the management alongside Professor Stuhlfauth. With effect from 1.10.1935 Professor Friedrich Gerke was appointed Director of the Seminar for Christian Archaeology and Art.(14) Under his direction the seminar was given the character of a research and teaching institute for the entire late antique and medieval archaeology and art research. In 1936 he started to build up a Nordic-Germanic department. After he was drafted into the military, Professor Hans Reinerth took over the management of the seminar on a representative basis and in 1944 initiated the relocation of the institute's library to the Dechtow manor. The teaching collection, publications and foreign correspondence were brought to Schloss Plattenburg / Prignitz. 4th Seminar for Post-Biblical Judaism On 13.11.1883 Professor Strack founded the seminar with the aim of driving "Jewish mission" and acquainting Christian theologians with Judaism, its literature and its essence.(15) It received no state support, but was greatly enriched by the donation of Professor Strack's library in 1918. After the death of Professor Strack, Professor Greßmann took over the directorship of the seminar on 1.12.1923, Professor Joachim Jeremias on 1.10.1928 and Professor Bertholet on 12.7.1929. On 1.10.1937 Professor Hempel was appointed managing director.(16) Since the summer semester of 1937 no more lectures have been held. Since the Institute has not been listed in the course catalogue since the summer semester of 1939, it was probably dissolved in the winter semester of 1938/39. The Institute was founded in 1917 by Professor Julius Richter as a seminar on mission history and renamed the Seminar on Mission Studies on 9 June 1931. Julius Witte was appointed Director on 6 November 1930. He remained so until his retirement on 1.4.1939.(17) From 1.4.1934 onwards, the Institute dealt not only with the holding of religious studies exercises but also with the study of Germanic religions and the Christianisation of the Germanic peoples. After the decree of 24.10.1935 it was therefore renamed the Institute for General History of Religion and Missionary Studies.(18) Since after the retirement of Professor Witte the appointment of the Chair of Missionary Studies was no longer intended by the Ministry, the Institute was closed on the basis of the decree of the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and Popular Education of 3.1.1944. The existing books were transferred to the university library. 6th Institute for Social Ethics and Science of Inner Mission The Institute, founded in 1927, was affiliated to the Theological Seminary, Department of Systematic Theology, and, according to its statutes of 25 July 1927, served the scientific promotion and instruction of students in the field of inner mission in connection with the problems of social ethics and welfare work. The first director, Professor Seeberg, was appointed by the Ministry of Science, Art and Popular Education in consultation with the Faculty of Theology and the Central Committee of the Inner Mission. He was assisted by a board of trustees composed of a representative of the ministry, a member appointed by the president of the German Protestant Kirchentag, a member of the Protestant Oberkirchenrat in Berlin, two lecturers from the Faculty of Theology and two members of the Central Committee of the Inner Mission. Assistants of the Institute participated in the meetings of the Board of Trustees. The institute was dissolved on the basis of the ministerial decree of 26.3.1938.(19) (1) Todt, Fr., in: Das Pfarrhaus, 1895, Nr. 11 u. 12: Die Theologische Fakultät der Universität Berlin, Berlin 1896 (2) Elliger, Walter: 150 Jahre Theologische Fakultät Berlin, Berlin 1960 (3) DZA Merseburg, Rep.76 Va Sekt.2 Tit.1 Nr.8 (4) DZA Potsdam, Reichserziehungsministerium, current no. 1239 Bl.3 (5) DZA Potsdam, Reichserziehungsministerium, current no. 1239 Bl.36 (6) Lenz, Max: Geschichte der königlichen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, Halle/Saale 1910, Volume 3, pp. 3-24 (7) HU Berlin, Archiv, Universitätskurator, current no. 792/1 (8) Lenz, ibid. (9) DZA Merseburg, Rep.76 Va Sekt.2 Tit.10 No.25 Vol.1 (10) ibid. Vol.2 (11) ibid. Vol.3 (12) Lenz, ibid. (13) DZA Merseburg, Rep.76 Va Sekt.2 Tit.X No. 74 Vol.3 (14) HU Berlin, Archive, University Curator, Current No. 793 (15) DZA Merseburg, Rep.76 Va Sekt.2 Tit.X No. 186 (16) HU Berlin, archive, university curator, current no. 795 (17) ibid. current no. 806 (18) DZA Potsdam, Reichserziehungsministerium, current no. 1449 (19) HU Berlin, archive, university curator, current no. 798 Inventory and registry history The inventory was handed over by the Dean's Office of the Faculty of Theology in 1964 and 1966. After comparison with the old administrative repertory, hardly any loss of files occurred. No cassations were made. The bequests of Professors Titius and Gerke, which were kept under the files, were spun off as separate holdings and the files from the period after 1945 were transferred to the administrative archive. Before being handed over to the dean's office, the files were administered in the university's central registry and filed according to the alphabetical keyword system. The repertory of the authorities, which had been set up accordingly, turned out to be completely inadequate, so that the stock was recorded and rearranged in the summer and autumn of 1966. Berlin, December 1966 Barbara Lange A revision took place in 2013. Ilona Kalb During a review in 2017, a twisting of signatures within the current No. 68 - 71 was corrected. In the case of promotion files (signatures 100 - 126), only those names are indicated for which documents are in the file. Claudia Hilse References 1st Bibliography Elliger, Walter: 150 Years Theological Faculty Berlin, Berlin 1960 Lange, Max: Die Universität Berlin, Wien/Düsseldorf/Küssnacht am Rigi 1931, S.18f Lenz, Max: Geschichte der Königlichen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin, Halle/S. 1910, Bd.3 S.3-24 Todt, Fr.: Die Theologische Fakultät der Universität Berlin in: The Parsonage, 1895 No. 11 and 12 2nd Archival Sources Archive of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Stock University Curator current No. 793: Institute for Christian Archaeology, 1928-1941 current No. 794: Seminar for Christian Archaeology and Church Art, 1942-1946 current No. 795: Institute for Post-Biblical Judaism, 1923-1943 current no. 792/1: Theological Faculty and Theological Seminars, 1928-1945 current no. 799: Theological Seminary current no. 800: Theological Seminary, New Testament Department, 1928-1942 current no. 801: Theological Seminary, Church History Department, 1928-1943 current no. 802: Theological Seminary, Systematic Section, 1928-1944 current no. 803: Theological Faculty and Theological Seminars, 1934-1938 current no. 804: Theological Faculty and Theological Seminars, 1938-1945 current no. 805: Assistants to the Theological Seminary, 1942-1944 current no. 806: Missionary Seminary, 1930-1944 current no. 807: Seminar of Missionary Studies, Assistants, 1934-1939 Theological Faculty, Dean's Office, current No. 43 to 56: Establishment of seminars and institutes (see Findbuch) Deutsches Zentralarchiv, Hist. Abt. II Merseburg (now: GStA) Rep. 76 Ministry of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs Va Sekt.2 Tit.1 No. 8: The Church Affairs of the University of Berlin and the Establishment of a Special University Church, 1810-1816 Va Sekt.2 Tit.4 No. 28: Appointment of Professor Dr. Nitzsch as Full Professor in the Faculty of Theology and his Appointment as University Preacher, 1846-1868 Va Sekt.2 Tit.10 No. 1: Das Seminarium theologicum bei der Universität Berlin, Vol. 1-7, 1821-1933 Va Sekt.2 Tit.10 No. 25: The foundation of a Christian-archaeological art collection at the University of Berlin as well as the archaeological teaching and practice apparatus, 1844-1850 Va Sekt.2 Tit.10 No. 74: The Christian-archaeological art collection, Vol.1-3, 1857-1938 Va Sekt.2 Tit.10 No. 186: The Seminar for Post-Biblical Judaism, 1912-1932 Va Sekt.2 Tit.12 No. 14: The theological-scientific association founded by the students of theology at the University of Berlin as well as the associations founded by the students of the scientific purposes, 1842-1888 Rep. 89, Zivilkabinett X Berlin No. 1 h: Christliches Museum, 1853-1908 Deutsches Zentralarchiv, Hist. Abteilung I, Potsdam (now: Bundesarchiv) Bestand Reichserziehungsministerium lfd. No. 1360: Seminar für christliche Archäologie und kirchliche Kunst, Vol. 4, 1938-1942 current no. 1322: Theological Seminary, vol. 9, 1935-1944 current no. 1239: Church Affairs and the Establishment of a University Church, vol. 2, 1916-1936 current no. 1449: Seminar for Missionary Sciences, 1918-1935 Inventory structure I Faculty matters 1. Instructions for business dealings 2. Treasury matters 3. Insurance matters 4. Organization of studies 5. Facility and control of faculty albums 6. Establishment of seminars and institutes 7. Faculty days 8. Anniversaries and celebrations 9. Publications and expert opinions 10. Library matters 11. University chronicles 12. Church battle 13. Miscellanea 14. Doctorates 15. Honorary doctorates 16. Habilitations 17. Award of the honorary citizenship II Affairs of the teaching staff 1. Generalia 2. Personnel matters: Professors 3. Personnel matters: Privatdozenten III Student matters 1. Generalia 2. Military relations 3. Examination regulations and examination documents 4. Awarding of prizes 5. Certificates of departure 6. Scholarship payments from foundations 7. Honorary court and disciplinary matters 8. Association matters Citation method: HU UA, Faculty of Theology.01, No. XXX. HU UA, Theol.Fak.01, No. XXX.
Administrative history/biographical information: 01.06.1790 - Opening of the Veterinary School 20.06.1887 - Award of the title Veterinary University 05.09.1910 - Award of the right to award doctorates 01.11.1934 - Integration of the University into the University as Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Department of Agriculture and Department of Veterinary Medicine 01.10.1937 - Conversion of the Department of Veterinary Medicine into the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine The first file in the inventory is only from the year 1817 Foreword: This find book was compiled by the former head of the archive, Dr. Kossack, in 1965. The file no. 744 to 793 were found in the archives during the clean-up and added to the find book together with the file no. 794-796 given to us by the Department of Historical Collections of the HU 2011 University Library. History of the Registratur-Bildners The later Tierärztliche Hochschule zu Berlin was opened on 01.06.1790 as Tierarzneischule. (1)She was first subordinated to the Oberstallmeistern v. Lindenau and v. Jagow. Count Lindenau had been commissioned by Friedrich Wilhelm II to take the necessary preparatory steps to found a veterinary school. In view of the devastating cattle plague, King Frederick II had already given the order to draw up a plan for a veterinary training centre. However, the submitted plans failed because the Prussian Treasury was not willing to bear the requested construction costs at the proposed level. However, political and military considerations forced King Frederick William II to agree to the founding of a veterinary school in 1787. The costs were to be borne by the royal private assets. After v. Lindenau had led appropriate negotiations, the Tierarzneischule was opened to 01.06.1790. 4 professors, 1 pharmacist, 2 teaching blacksmiths, 1 stable master, 1 farm assistant, 1 provisional (pharmacy), 2 guard masters, 1 castellan, 9 stable servants, 1 gardener, 2 garden servants, 1 night watchman and 1 candidate made up the first staff of the school. At first the training was almost exclusively of so-called military eleven, soldiers who were trained as flag smiths for the army. In the year 1806 Graf v. Lindenau met back from the management of the school and his successor Oberstallmeister v. Jagow took over. The subordination to the Obermarstallamt had a very negative effect on the development of the school. On 26.03.1810, W. v. Humboldt drew up a memorandum which emphasised the scientific significance of the Tierarzneischule in particular and in which he spoke out in favour of integrating the school into the newly established university. Although Humboldt's demands were rejected by Jagow, this memorandum nevertheless became the starting point for renewed proposals for an improved establishment of the school, which were presented above all by Prof. Rudolph, Medical Councillor, and Langermann, State Councillor. By cabinet order of 09.06.1817 the school was subordinated to the Ministry of the Interior and the War. At the beginning of August 1817, the first department of the Berlin government took over the supervision of the school. (2) After the dissolution of the Berlin government and the restoration of the police headquarters, the veterinary school was subordinated to it. (3) The regulations about the restoration of the police headquarters in Berlin of 18.09.1822 provided in § 8 - Medizinal-Polizei - the subordination of the Charité and the Tierarzneischule to the medical department. As ministerial authority, the Ministry was now responsible for spiritual, educational and medical matters. In addition, the War Ministry and the Obermarstallamt had retained their say. By cabinet order of 16.11.1835 "for the acceleration of the reorganization and expedient management of the Tierarzneischule" the establishment of a "Kuratorium für die Krankenhaus- und Tierarzneischulangelegenheiten vom König Friedrich Wilhelm III. was ordered. (4) Privy Councillor Albers, who had been appointed provisional director, conducted the takeover negotiations on the part of the school. The right of the War Ministry and the Obermarstallamt to have a say remained unchanged. After the dissolution of the Board of Trustees, the administration of the Veterinary School was transferred by cabinet order of 10.12.1847 to a directorate directly subordinated to the Ministry of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs. This Directorate consisted of the Director (Albers until 1849) and the Accounting Council of Esse, who was also the Administrative Director of the Charité. Other directors were: Gurlt until 1870, Gerlach until 1877, Roloff until 1885 and since 1885 - Müller. A cabinet order of 27.04.1872 ordered that the Veterinary School be subordinated to the Prussian Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forests. At the same time, a close connection was established with the veterinary administration, which subsequently had a very fruitful effect, especially on scientific research activities. On 20.06.1887 the Tierarzneischule was awarded the title "Tierärztliche Hochschule" by "Allerhöchsten Erlass". At the same time, Minister v. Lucius issued a provisional statute for the school. (5) Thereafter, the school's performance committees were the rector and the teaching staff. (§ 5 loc. cit.) The Rector was appointed by the Minister. It was not until 1903 that the school was granted the right to vote. The principal was responsible for running the school. The administrators were under the authority of the rector. The senior administrative officer used the official title "Administrator". (Section 24 of the Articles of Association). The first rector was the former director Prof. Müller. It was not until April 1913, after lengthy negotiations, that the school was awarded the final charter by the "Allerhöchste Order" of 31.03.1913. (6) The right to award doctorates had previously been granted (05.09.1910). In September 1932 the Ministry of Agriculture, Domains and Forestry issued a new statute for the veterinary universities in Prussia, according to the information provided. (Ministerial Gazette of the Prussian Administration for Agriculture, Domains and Forests, No 41/1932, p. 566). In addition, the draft Rules of Procedure for the Rector and Senate of the University of Veterinary Medicine have been drafted. (7) However, as a result of the subordination to the Prussian Ministry of Science, Art and Popular Education, these no longer appear to have been carried out. In January 1909, at the request of the rector Schmaltz, the title "Magnifizenz" was awarded to the rector of the school. (8) This also meant that the external equality with the other Berlin universities (university, technical college, agricultural college) had been achieved. By the emergency decree of 29.10.1932 the Veterinary University was again subordinated to the Prussian Ministry for Science, Art and National Education. (9) On 02.10.1934 the Prussian Minister of Science, Art and National Education ordered the transfer of the administrative business of the Veterinary College to the Administrative Director of the Charité. (10). This order already suggested that the integration of the university into the university was imminent. Already on 20.10.1934 a meeting took place in the Ministry of Culture. (11) Professors Krüger and Bierbaum, as representatives of the school, were decidedly against the intended establishment of an agricultural veterinary faculty at Berlin University for various reasons. They advocated the creation of an independent veterinary faculty and rejected any link with the Faculty of Agriculture. Notwithstanding the objections also from other sides, the integration of the University of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture into the University as the 5th Faculty took place under the name of "Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine", Department of Agriculture and Department of Veterinary Medicine with effect from 01.11.1934. (12) Since the management of the administrative affairs by the Administrative Director of the Charité led to the detriment, the Administrative Director of the University took over these from 01.05.1935. Subsequently, the existing officials and employees of both departments were entrusted with new areas of work. With effect from 01.10.1937 the Department of Veterinary Medicine was transformed into an independent Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and separated from the connection with the Faculty of Agriculture. (13) Since 01.10.1937 the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Berlin has been in existence. Registratur und Bestandsgeschichte I. Registraturverhältnisse As is usual with the older authority registries, the registry of the University of Veterinary Medicine also contained fact files. In most cases, the file titles correspond to the contents of the file. The external condition of the files, apart from some damaged file units, can be described as good. The traditional registry order begins relatively late, only with the takeover of the Tierarzneischule by the government of Berlin in 1817. From 1790 to 1817 the school was under the control of the Oberstallmeistern v. Lindenau and v. Jagow. The registry order was established in 1841 by the registrar Tönnies. (14) It has essentially been preserved in its structure until 1945 and beyond a few years later. Main groups were formed which were called "sections" (Roman numerals). The further subdivision according to Arabic numerals designated the individual file unit. A total of 45 sections were formed, with sections XXVIII, XXXVII-XLI, XLIII and XLV completely missing. The subordination of the Tierarzneischule under three different middle authorities (1817 government Berlin, 1822 police headquarters Berlin, 1836-1848 board of trustees for the hospital and Tierarzneischulangelegenheiten) affected also the registration conditions. Thus, a significant number of file units of these intermediate authorities, known as the "veterinary school registry", were inserted into the registry of the veterinary school when it was dissolved and continued there. Some files, which were not continued at the Tierarzneischule (government Berlin, police presidium). Board of Trustees for Hospital and Veterinary School Matters), were forwarded to the State Archive in Potsdam for competence. The direct subordination to the Ministry of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs in 1847 eliminated the double subordination and also created clearer registry relationships. After the integration of the University of Veterinary Medicine into the University of Berlin on 01.11.1934 and the formation of the Faculty of Agricultural Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, the registration conditions remained the same. (15) After in May 1935 the administrative director of the university had been charged with the administration of the agricultural veterinary institutes, about 160 file units were handed over to him, most of which still exist. (16) The former central registry of the Veterinary University was thus split up. One part was handed over to the administrative director of the university (from 1936 university curator), the other remained as faculty files in the independent faculty of veterinary medicine established with effect from 01.10.1937. The existing audit files are referred to as "personal files", which also have gaps, are not listed in alphabetical order and are located at the end of the file. (17) A copy of the registration scheme is attached as an annex. TWO. Access The holdings were located in the heating cellar of the Chemical Institute of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, where they were found in November 1960 and taken over by the archive in January 1961. Negotiations to take over the stock had already been conducted with the Dean of the Faculty since 1955, but without result. At first, the dean refused to hand over the files to the archive, although the inventory was transferred from one place to another and finally ended up in the heating cellar of the Chemical Institute. During the order and distortion it was determined that the stock is no longer completely available. For cassation, therefore, it was mainly personal files of the technical personnel that were proposed. III. archival treatment The file material was roughly arranged in the year 1962 by Mr. Rambeau, whereby after the existing registry signatures the earlier order scheme was reconstructed. The indexing took place in the months February to June 1965 by Dr. Kossack, then head of the university archive. The existing file units were listed individually. The "extended distortion" (§ 87 OVG) was applied. Only in the case of the 'expert reports' files was the group listing applied. With regard to the internal order of the inventory, the found registry order was retained, since it remained unchanged during the activity of the registry formatter. (§ 61 OVG). A delimitation of the individual sections has been made and a copy of the registration scheme has been attached so that the user can quickly find his way around. Berlin, 30.07.1965/14.11.2016 Footnotes 1 Koch, Tankred: On the History of the Veterinary Faculty of the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. In: Veterinärmedizin in Berlin 1790-1965, Berlin 1965, pp. 9-52 2. Cf. Communication of the Government to Berlin, 1st Department v. 05.09.1817 in: UA of the HU, Veterinary College, No. 1, no. sheet. Z. 3. cf. communication of the police headquarters of 03.01.1822 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, no. 1, no. Bl. See 4. See Cabinet Order of 16.11.1835 in: Tierärztl. Hochschule, Nr. 1/1, Bl. 2-4 and Cabinet Order on the position of the Board of Trustees for Hospital and Veterinary School Affairs v. 24.06.1836 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 1/1, p. 61-62 5 University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 11, p. 2-10 6th ibid., p. 258f 7th ibid., p. 394-408 8th cf. Rector Schmaltz's report of 02.12.1907 and copy of the cabinet order of 27.01.1909 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 577, pp. 66-70 9. See "False Economy". University of Veterinary Medicine and Administrative Reform. Extract from the Berliner Börsen-Zeitung v. 05.01.1933 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 11, p. 391 10. Cf. Decree of the Pr. Minister of Science, Art and National Education of 02.10.1934 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 738, without Bl.Z. 11. Cf. text of the protocol in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 738, without Bl.Z. 12. See Decree of the Pr. Minister of Science, Art and National Education of 01.11.1934 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 738, without Bl.Z. 13. See Decree of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and People's Education of 14.06.1937 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, No. 738, without Bl.Z. 14. See report of Tönnies v. 11.03.1841 in: University of Veterinary Medicine, personal file Tönnies, No. 687, vol. 1, without Bl.Z. 15. See Decree of the Pr. Minister of Science, Art and National Education of 01.11.1934 - U I No. 42 253 .1. in: University of Veterinary Medicine, no. 738, without sheet no. 16. The list is in: Veterinary college, No. 738, without Bl.Z. 17. the attachment of these files was ordered by the police president v. Esebeck by decree v. 19.03.1822. Cf. personal file Tönnies, vol. 1, p. 24 Annex Registration plan of the Veterinary University SectionFile groupsArchive.-No. I, No. 1-38 Organization of the school, 1-27 statistics, celebrations II, No. 6-81 Land matters 28-72 III, No. 2-42 Building matters 73-118 IV, no. 1-9 House and Garden Police 119--124 V, No. 3-32 Economy management 125-132 VI Catering needs Cassation VII, No. 1-14 Inventory matters 133-140 VIII, No. 1 Library 141-151 IX, No. 1-29 Teaching and instructional matters 152-185 Habilitations X, No. 1-28 examinations and 186-231 promotional matters XI, No. 1-32 Clinics and Institutes 232-271 XII, No. 2-17 Abdeckereiangelegenheiten 271/1-272 Pferde-Spital XIII, Nr. 2 Regulations for the guards 273 of the small domestic animals XIV, No. 2-5 District physicians and veterinary police 274-281 Affairs XV, no. 2-107 Scientific experiments 282-362 XVI, No. 1-6 Zootomy 363-365 XVII, No. 1-9 Pharmacist matters 366-371 XVIII, No. 4-15 Forging matters 372-379 XIX, No. 2 Veterinary school Königsberg 380 XX, No. 2-16 The Civil and Military_Eleven and 381-395/1 Students of School XXI, No. 1-19 The reception and study of 396-411 Military-Eleven XXII, No. 2-47 guest students, recording of the Zivil-Eleven, 412-447 tuition fees, Price Tasks, Fraternities and Corps XXIII, No. 1-18 Scholarships, Assistants, Foundations 448-468 XXIV, Nr. 1-12 Employment and legal relationships of 469-473 veterinarians XXV, No, 4 Personnel tables 474 XXVI, No. 1 Annual Reports of the University 475-482 XXVII, No. 1, 5 Veterinary reports 483-485 XXVIII, No. - XXIX, No. 1-42 Expert opinion on veterinary police 486-508 measures XXX, no. 3-8 Judicial opinions 509-514 XXXI, No. 1-3 Extrajudicial opinions 515-519 XXXII, No. 1-12 Office matters 520-523 XXX, No. 3-8 Judicial opinions 509-514 XXXI, No. 1-3 Extrajudicial opinions 515-519 XXXII, No. 1-12 Office matters 520-523 XXXIII, No. 1-54 Personnel matters 524-585 XXXIV Individual personal files of employees 586-695 including of the faculty XXXV, no. 6-16 Treasury matters 696-699 XXXVI, No. 1-5a Household matters 700-708 XLII, No. 2-3, 50, 67-92 Accounting 709-719 XLIV, no. 3-10 Spa and catering expenses 720-723 XLVI Miscellaneous 724-738 Participation of the university in exhibitions Reorganization of the university without outpatient clinic 739 Citation method: HU UA, Veterinary University.01, No. XXX. HU UA, TiH.01, No. XXX.
Administrative history/biographical information: The existing find book from the 70s was entered into the Augias archive with the help of the files. Later files of the university library from the period of origin until 1945 which were handed over to the university archive were also recorded in the Augias archive. The files with the signatures 0216, 0314, 0317, 0366, 0410, 0432, 0461, 0474, 0475, 0485 and 1144 were missing at the time of inclusion or had already been marked as missing during a revision in 2000 and were therefore not entered. Claudia Hilse Foreword: History of the registry sculptor On February 20, 1831, the UB was founded by cabinet order of Friedrich Wilhelm III, who had been preceded by an application from the rector and senate on the one hand and the then head librarian of the Royal Library, Wilken, on the other. The fund of 500 Thlr. per year approved for the maintenance and propagation of the UB for the first time should be covered until further notice from the surpluses of the wood and light money to be paid by the students. Furthermore, a contribution of 5 Thlr. should be paid to the University Library for the acquisition of a special fund by each PhD at the doctorate, by each Privatdozent at the habilitation and by each newly appointed professor at the employment or promotion. Friedrich W. Eilken was entrusted with the management on a voluntary basis. He designated the doublet room of the KB to receive the compulsory copies of the publishers of the Mark Brandenburg and Berlin which had been sent to the university since 1 January 1825, as well as for new acquisitions. As the acquisition fund was too small, the UB only expanded very slowly. From the very beginning, however, she participated in the exchange of university publications. Later, this exchange developed into a focal point of collecting. Today, the UB Berlin is the central collection point of Germany in the field of dissertations and other university publications as well as the centre of international exchange. The systematic catalogue, which was printed between 1839 and 1842, contained around 10,000 works in 15,000 volumes. The portfolio consisted of 15
and 85% for deposit copies and gifts. A scheduled purchase has therefore not yet taken place. Wilken's multiple attempts to obtain higher funds for the purchase of books and the salaries of officials failed. In 1839 the UB and the KB were spatially separated. The UB moved into the so-called Adler's Hall (Unter den Linden 76). Wilken died on 24.12.1840. His successor, the historian Georg Pertz, led the directorate business from 1842 to 1872 to the advantage of the library. By the end of 1848 the collection had expanded to over 30,000 volumes. In the years 1871 to 1873 the UB received a new building in the Dorotheenstr. 9, which had been calculated too small however regarding its capacity. Therefore, in 1900 the neighbouring property, Dorotheenstr. 10, was acquired. In 1874, Falk Koner began managing the directorate business. His main focus was on the acquisition of book collections of deceased scholars, which were partly donated, partly sold. Koner died in 1887 after receiving the title of Privy Councillor in 1884, but not Director of the UB. Until 1889, Minister von Goßler once again ordered the personal union with the KB, but on October 1, 1889 Wilhelm Erman, until then librarian at the KB, was appointed chief librarian and in April 1890 director of the UB. Erman was responsible for the reading room library, for the abolition of the vouchers, was very active in the collection of university publications and began cataloguing the libraries of the university institutes in 1891 on the basis of a ministerial decree. It is fatal that Ermann received Althoff's consent to the disposal of "superfluous book material". Between 1892 and 1898, 16,869 works were then sorted out, so that in February 1902 Johannes Franke found only 161,735 volumes as Ermann's successor. This made the UB one of the smallest university libraries in Germany. Under Franke, women entered the library service for the first time in Prussia. After two years of training under his direction, they received certificates on the basis of an examination. In addition, Franke dealt with a thorough examination of the entire UB, with the extension of the reading room library and with the reconstruction of the alphabetical catalogue on the basis of the "Prussian Instruction". Franke died on 25.03.1918. On 06 July 1918 Gotthold Naetebus, who came from the KB, took over the business. When he retired in March 1930 due to reaching the age limit, the Berlin and Göttingen UBs belonged to the top group of Prussian university libraries. On February 20th Rudolf Hoecker, the successor of Naetebus, celebrated the centenary of the UB. However, he was granted leave on 31.03.1934 as a member of the library council on the basis of the Nazi law for the protection of the civil service. Gustav Abb, the department director of the Prussian State Library, took over the provisional management of the management business on 01.04.1934. In May 1935 he was appointed director. On 28.04.1945 he retired voluntarily from life. Under Rudolf Hoecker, the clean-up and salvage work began at and in the heavily hit library. Wieland Schmidt, new director of the UB since 01 May 1946, reopened the library. After Schmidt left the company in October 1950, his deputy Rudolf Keydell initially ran the business until it was taken over by Willi Göber, the new director, on 1 April 1952. Under his leadership, the effectiveness of the UB was extended beyond the needs of the Humboldt University. She was granted the right to take over compulsory copies for Greater Berlin. Her special field remained the collection of university publications. From 1961 to 1973 Oskar Tyszko was director of the UB Berlin. Mrs Irmscher has been in his place since 1973. Inventory history The inventory, approx. 16 running metres, was in a completely disordered condition in the building of the University Library and was taken over on 9 and 10 June 1969 by employees of the archive of the Humboldt University. The work was carried out by a trainee of the Fachschule für Archivwesen, whose introduction has been shortened and revised and incorporated into the history of the Inventory Designer. References: 1. printed sources: Friese, Karl: Geschichte der Königlichen Universitäts-Bibliothek zu Berlin Hoecker, Rudolf: Die Universitäts-Bibliothek zu Berlin zum ihren 100jährigen Bestehen 20. Februar, 1831 - 1931 Köpke, Rudolf: Die Gründung der Königlichen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität 2. Archivalische Quellen: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Archive: Stock University Curator current no. 62 - 64 The University Library Bd. 2 1887 - 1922 vol. 3 1923 - 1925 vol. 4 1925 - 1927 current no. 645 New building of the UB Berlin, 1938 - 1939 current no. 1132 - 1134 University library, administrative matters 1928 - 1938 1928 - 1944 1935 - 1941 Citation method: HU UA, University Library.01, No. XXX. HU UA, UB.01, No. XXX.
Administrative history/biographical information: Status: December 2016 With the exception of three files that cannot be found at present, the collection is fully indexed (Augias, search book printout and old search index from the 1960s). Scope: approx. 47 linear metres, 4,288 units in 421 archive boxes (1834 - 1978) Life data are only given if they emerge from the contents of the file This is a consolidation of files. Mainly they were created by: - the Rector of the FWU - the University Curator of the FWU - the Administrative Director of the FWU - math.-nat. Faculty - Medical Faculty - Charité - Berlin Merchant Corporation - Berlin Chamber of Commerce and Industry - Berlin Graduate School of Economics - Berlin University of Agriculture - and other institutions: HU/UA UK Personalia: Signature (l. Num.). The Findbuch printout in the LS still lacks the additions resulting from the processing of the stocks PAMed1 and PAMed2. A reprint is pending. Period to: 1978 Period from: 1834 Citation method: HU UA, UK Personnel files until 1945, Mustermann, No. HU UA, UK Personalia, Mustermann, No.
Administrative history/biographical information: Details from the Findbuch, compiled in 1961 by Archivdirektor Kossack (corrected and edited version): Der Universitäts-Kurator in Berlin - Behörden- und Bestandsgeschichtlicher Rückblick (The University Curator in Berlin - Review of Authorities and Inventory History) Heinz Kossack compiled a review of the history of authorities of the office of curator at the University of Berlin from the time the university was founded until 1945 in 1960. The order and distortion of this inventory made it necessary to give such a retrospective so that all those who use it would be aware of its importance and significance for the history of the university. The relationship between university and state, which was controversial among scientists and scholars, especially in the time of the feudal-absolutist state, confronts us in one way or another in this inventory when reviewing the archives. The state authority, be it in the form of the absolute or constitutional monarchy, the republic or the National Socialist dictatorship, enforces its demands against the university through a representative "on the spot" and controls the implementation of the given instructions and directives. This commissioner is the curator, although it should be noted that in Berlin the Ministry for Spiritual, Teaching and Medical Affairs carried out the most important curatorial tasks itself until 1923. Therefore the existence begins only with the employment of the extraordinary government plenipotentiary in the year 1819. Authority history I. The curator up to the appointment of the a. o. government plenipotentiary 1810-1819 By the regulation because of improved mechanism of the provincial authorities from 30 April 1815 (Pr. GS. 1815, S. 85ff) § 16 it was decreed that each chief president should be as "constant Commissarius curator of the university, which is in the province entrusted to him". The term "curator" appears in this ordinance, although the university's statutes of 1816 do not know it. The tasks of this curator were specified in the decree of 26 December 1808 (Pr. GS. p. 467ff) in § 10 (3) concerning the improved establishment of provincial, police and financial authorities (Pr. GS. p. 467ff) as follows: "the internal establishment of the universities the economic curate the appointment and employment of teachers of the university". For the University of Berlin, however, the Ministry of Spiritual, Teaching and Medical Affairs, formed by the Allerhöchste Kabinetts-Order of 3 November 1817 from the former Department of Cult and Public Education of the Ministry of the Interior, had reserved the performance of the so-called curatorial affairs for itself. Therefore, nothing is known about this period of the curator's activity at the University of Berlin. TWO. The Extraordinary Government Plenipotentiary 1819-1848 The Instruction for the Extraordinary Government Plenipotentiaries at the Universities of 18 November 1819 (Pr. GS. 1819, p. 233ff), issued by King Frederick William III of Prussia with the countersignature of the State Chancellor of Hardenberg in the execution of the Karlovy Vary resolutions for Prussia, initiated the blackest period in the history of the university on the one hand, but on the other hand it created clearer conditions in the history of the authorities. This instruction, which made the Government Plenipotentiary's task of lace-making both against the university teachers and against the students, transferred in Section IV that § 16 of the Decree was repealed because of improved establishment of the Provincial Authorities of 30 April 1815, according to which each Chief President was to be the curator of the university in the province entrusted to him. The powers of the trustees should be transferred to the government officials. However, in order not to eliminate the chief presidents completely, it was ordered that they should support the government plenipotentiaries by all means. Section V pointed out that the Government Plenipotentiaries are in the same position as the Trustees and clearly specified the tasks of the Government Plenipotentiaries: 1. they are to be regarded as deputies of the Ministry, as are the Trustees. Therefore, their orders must be executed by the academic authorities and all reports, including those of the directors of institutes and collections, must go through their hands. 2. are directly subordinated to the Ministry of Spiritual, Educational and Medical Affairs and report only to it. They also receive their orders and resolutions only from the ministry. 3. You will receive the necessary service personnel. If necessary, all "subalterns" of the universities should be made available to them. However, a special reservation was made at the University of Berlin, in that the instruction of 18 November 1819 ordered that it was reserved for the Ministry to carry out the curatorial duties directly, but to transfer them to the government representative to such an extent that he could act in the best interests of the university. By decree of the Minister of 20 November 1819, the University was informed that the Geh. Oberregierungsrat Schultz had been appointed Government Plenipotentiary. However, the following restriction has been made: "Since the Instruction for the Government Plenipotentiaries reserves to the Minister the right to delegate to him part of the business of the Board of Trustees of the Royal University within himself, the Privy Council of the Supreme Government Schultz has been provisionally instructed in general to establish a personal relationship with the University, its staff and its institutes and facilities, to maintain itself in continuous and ongoing knowledge thereof, to investigate the shortcomings and needs of the University in all its branches and to bring them to the attention of the Ministerio together with appropriate proposals for their secondment, to see for itself that the orders made or approved by the Ministerio, whatever part of the university institutions or the institutes and collections belonging thereto they also concern, are promptly and fully implemented, and to report to the Ministerio on their implementation." Schultz ran the business until May 1824, when he was succeeded under the same circumstances by the Beckedorff supreme government council. The Cabinet Order of 21 May 1824 regulated in particular the position of the Government Plenipotentiary to the Rector and the sub-officials of the University. Thereafter, the Government Plenipotentiary was the Rector's superior in charge of supervising the Rector's conduct of office. Furthermore, the subordinates of the University were obliged to obey the orders of the Government Plenipotentiary in the matters which he dealt with directly. Because of the matters concerning the Rector and Senate, the Government Plenipotentiary could issue his instructions to the sub-officials by the Rector. Beckedorff retired in June 1827. By ministerial decree of 14 June 1827, it was decreed that the rector and the university judge should now act jointly as deputy government representatives. This regulation existed until 1841. After confirmation by the ministry, the rector was entrusted with the performance of this activity with the university judge. However, by decree of 13 April 1841, this transitional arrangement was repealed and the duties of the Government Plenipotentiary were entrusted to the Director of the Ministry's Education Department, Oberregierungsrat von Ladenberg, with effect from 1 June 1841. After an instruction for v. Ladenberg as temporary curator and extraordinary government representative, it was particularly emphasized because of the tasks of the curator that v. Ladenberg should only perform these tasks to the extent that they were not processed by the ministry. We therefore find this restriction in the corresponding decrees on an ongoing basis. Furthermore, according to this instruction, the rector and the university judge were again deputy government plenipotentiaries, i.e. the government plenipotentiary could delegate his duties to the rector and the university judge in the absence of the rector and the university judge. In April 1848, following the decision of the Federal Assembly, the exceptional legislation of the German Confederation enacted in 1819 was repealed. The Federal Decrees on the use of extraordinary government plenipotentiaries at universities also fell within the scope of this resolution. III The Board of Trustees of the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin 1848-1923 By decree of the Minister for Spiritual, Teaching and Medical Affairs of 18 July 1848, Ladenberg was recalled from office as a government representative and instructed to limit himself to the pure functions of a curator. These functions consisted according to § 10 (3) of the decree of 28 September 1808 (Pr. GS. 1806-1810, p. 467) in: a.) the internal institution; b.) the economic board of trustees; c.) the appointment and employment of teachers because of improved establishment of the provincial, police and financial authorities (Pr. GS. 1806-1810, p. 467). At the same time, the decree stated that the final provisions on university boards of trustees should only be recast after a general reform of universities had been carried out. However, this reform did not take place until 1918. Since von Ladenberg was entrusted with the direction of the Ministry, he appointed the then Rector and Deputy University Judge to administer the duties of the Board of Trustees by decree of 16 November 1848. Since then, the duties of curator have remained with the University of Berlin until 1923, unless they were handled by the ministry itself, with the respective rector and university judge. The official designation was: "Deputy Curators" or "Royal Board of Trustees of the Friedrich Wilhelm University of Berlin". The activities of the Board of Trustees consisted in the processing of: 1. matriculation matters; 2. scholarship matters; 3. administrative matters. To 1.): Here, the Board of Trustees was particularly active in the admission of students in accordance with the ministerial regulations issued for this purpose. Too 2.): Granting support to needy and dignified students, continuing the administration of scholarship foundations and their revision. To 3.): The administrative matters concerned the authorisation to allocate budgetary appropriations up to RM 6000 per year. Furthermore, student statistics had to be prepared for the ministry and other special orders had to be handled by the ministry. At a later stage it seems that the personnel files of professors and other employees have been added. The tasks of this board of trustees were therefore rather limited. Therefore also the file material available from this time is relatively small and little productive. The staffing was carried out in such a way that, in addition to the Government Plenipotentiary, a clerical secretary was active. The latter was named curatorial-secretary after the abolition of the institution of the government plenipotentiary. His tasks were: a.) The keeping of the journal, a file repertory and an index; b.) The preparation of all copies; c.) The stapling and rotating of the files; d.) The preparation of various lists. The report of the curatorial secretary Schleusener of 26 February 1858 shows that the registry at that time contained 335 volumes of files. Furthermore, according to Schleusener's report, 250-260 new things were received each year and 140 letters were issued and "mundiert" (mouthed). This office of curatorial secretary was maintained until 1923. After Daudé, the curatorial secretary had the following duties in 1887: a.) Completion of registration work and management of the journal; b.) Acceptance of applications for enrolment (4 semesters, subsequent enrolment); c.) The registration of the student (4 semesters, subsequent enrolment).) Preparation of expeditions and clean copies of the correspondence of the Board of Trustees; d.) Preparation of expeditions and clean copies concerning the administration of the title "Insgemein" and the support fund; e.) Provision of information to students regarding the admission requirements for their studies. In addition, the curatorial secretary had to work on some tasks in the closer university service, since he obviously could not be fully employed in his own field of work. The distribution of business remained essentially the same until 1923. IV. The administrative director at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin 1923-1936 The statutes of the University of Berlin of 1930, which were issued on the basis of the decision of the Prussian State Ministry of 20 March 1923, provided in § 5, p. 2 an administrative director with the following duties: "The external administration of the institutes, seminars and institutions including the clinics outside the Charité on behalf of the minister. He oversees the university's budget, treasury and accounting." Under Articles 83-84 of the Statutes, the Administrative Director was required to exercise certain powers in the appointment of officials in grades A 7 to A 11. Erich Wende, "Grundlagen des Preußischen Hochschulrechts", p. 59, speaks of the administrative director as the minister's representative in the external affairs of the natural science and humanities institutes and institutions and the clinics outside the Charité. The remaining tasks of the former Board of Trustees have been transferred to the Rector, who is supported by the University Council. There is no doubt that these are mainly the tasks that had to be carried out with enrolment. Compared to the former board of trustees, however, the number of employees has now increased to about 10 (civil servants, employees, clerks). After the fall of communism (loc. cit., p. 53 et seq.), the creation of the office of Administrative Director is the result of a fundamental university reform that had been discussed long before the outbreak of the First World War. The first administrative director at the University of Berlin was the former university judge Geh. Regierungsrat Dr. Wollenberg, who was replaced by Dr. Büchsel in 1925. V. The University Curator in Berlin 1936-1945 The institution of the Administrative Director remained in existence until 1936. With effect from 1 April 1936, by decree of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Popular Education of 2 April 1936 (W Ib No. 861, Z II), the position of Administrative Director was transformed into that of Curator. The former Administrative Director Dr. Büchsel, who worked as curator until 1944 with minor interruptions, was entrusted with the management of the business. The tasks of the university curator in Berlin, as the official name was, seem to have been very extensive, measured by the number of staff (34 civil servants, employees and typists). There is a business allocation plan which divides the entire administrative area into 7 working groups (see Annex). In order to achieve a settlement of competences between rector and curator, the Minister for Science, Education and Popular Education issued a corresponding draft of a speaker by decree of 9 March 1942 (WA 278/42), the further fate of which could not be established. The draft is based on the assumption that the curator for the area of external operating resources and the stock of equipment and personnel, which only enables teaching and research to be carried out, is the local representative of the Reich Ministry. According to the a.m. draft, the external administration of higher education institutions included the following tasks: 1. the appointment and employment of all university staff outside the teaching staff and scientific officials, but including assistants, and the supervision of these groups of persons; 2. the handling of all civil servants' and remuneration-related matters for all officials belonging to the higher education sector, in this case including university teachers and scientific officials, and the keeping of the personal files of these officials. 3. the swearing in of the civil servants listed under 1. with the exception of the assistants; 4. the management of the budgetary, cash and accounting system; 5. the entire external administration of the institutes, seminars, clinics and other institutions; 6. the management of the building and property administration; 7. the representation of the state university administration vis-à-vis other authorities and the representation of the state and the university in legal transactions and legal disputes before and outside the court. The curator also had the Central Registration Office for Supply Aspirants for the area of the entire scientific administration in the former German Reich, whose activity, however, ended in 1944 as a result of transfer to another office. Furthermore, the respective administrative director or curator was administrative director of the University Hospital and chairman of several examination commissions (e.g. food chemist examination, insurance expert examination). This complex of tasks remained essentially unchanged until 1945. With the collapse of the Nazi state, the activities of the curator's office also ended. This marks the end of a development phase in the administrative history of the university. Provenance: University Curator 1819-1945 Order and Classification: Business Distribution Plan for the Office of the Curator of the University of Berlin (Basis of Classification after 1928) Department I: Office Director Affairs General Affairs of the Institutes Personnel Affairs of the Office Property Management (Main Building, Assembly Building, Lecture Hall Building) Management of Fund Controls Support Control of the Processing of All Correspondence of all Departments Department II: Officials Natural Science and Medical Institutes and Clinics Budgets Affairs Foundations Building Matters of University Institutes Division III A: Assistants Lecturers Teaching Assignments Student Affairs Fee Schedule Scientific Assistants Faculty Affairs Humanities Institute Division III B: Professors Professors-Witwen "Professoren emer. Veterinary institutes Lecturers Construction matters of veterinary institutes Division IV: Employees Wage earners. Division L: University Institutes of Physical Education Sports Affairs Division V, Audit Office Division VI: Payroll Office Statistics pp. Form administration postage stamps inventory list. Division VII or VII B: official housing pp. Property levies pp. Property management Building matters of the agricultural department Fuel supply pp. Photographic demonstrations pp. Agricultural Institutes Humanities Institutes, insofar as not included in III A. Zentral-Vormerkungsstelle Preface: Archive Director Heinz Kossack listed the holdings in 1961 and compiled an extensive finding aid book. The units of distortion already taken over into the archive software some time ago were checked, corrected and supplemented in 2016/17. Some file units (mostly no. XX/1) were probably not assigned to this collection until later - these numbers did not exist in the find book Kossack 1961. Information from the find book Kossack 1961 created (excerpt): The inventory of the university curator was partly scattered according to signatures and partly mixed with other inventories, partly in the magazine, partly in the archivist's workroom. Order and registration work seems never to have been carried out on the inventory. There were no major losses in the portfolio. The entire collection was recorded and arranged by Heinz Kossack in the period from January 1960 to February 1961. The distortion could take place at first only after the Bärschen principle. The order was then established in the holdings of the Government Plenipotentiary according to the old signatures. In the case of the administrative director and curator, the order could be established according to the present file plan (administrative structure principle). Period to: 1950 Period from: 1819 Citation method: HU UA, University Curator.01, No. XXX. HU UA, UK.01, No. XXX. Inventory history: History of the files and the registry: At first it could be established that the registry was structured according to the following system: a) Government Plenipotentiary, from 1819, Board of Trustees from 1848, Administrative Director 1923 to 1928, subject formation according to keywords alphabetically. Hand stapled files were kept. The file number was formed, applying the letter with number. Example: Litt. A. No. 1/ VollII. From this time a file index or repertory could not be found. If a new file was created, the subject was added to the corresponding letter under the following number. It was not possible to determine whether a central registry existed, but it can be assumed. On the basis of a file handover register from 1848, it could be established that the holdings of the government authorised representative have been almost completely preserved. b) Administrative Director 1928 - 1936 In 1928, as a result of the office reform, the use of filing cabinets was switched to in 1928. The previous keyword system was abandoned at the same time. The numbering system was introduced. The reference number, which was now the same as the reference number, consisted of three digits. The structure of the file plan was such that the numerical series I 100 - I 199 fundamental matters: included personnel, insurance, organisational and support matters. The numbers II 200 - II 399 included: Cash and accounting matters, building and property matters, legal and procedural matters, student body matters, examination matters. Numbers III 400 - III 640 include the building budgets, material and personnel matters of the faculties, seminars and institutes. Numbers IV 650 - IV 700 included the construction budget, the material and human resources of the university hospital and the dental institute. The new file number formed in this way was e.g: "VD 126/30" State of development, extent: Ordered and completely listed; extent: approx. 35 running metres
Administrative history/biographical information: University Judge 1810 - 1945 1810-1819 Syndicate from 1819 University Judge from 1923 University Council from 1935 University Legal Council from 1943 University Council Foreword: According to the statutes of the University of Berlin of 1816, which were replaced by a new statute in 1930, the so-called "academic jurisdiction" was exercised by the Rector and Senate. The legal basis of this provision was the "Regulations of 28.12.1810 concerning the Establishment of Academic Jurisdiction at Universities". This instruction abolished the jurisdiction previously extended to all members of the university under the provisions of General Land Law. With regard to the place of jurisdiction of university members, the following provision has been made: The members of the faculty, including the rector, the syndic and the secretaries, should have the jurisdiction of the royal civil servants. Other members of the university, such as court masters and servants of the students, were subject to the courts to which other citizens of the same class were assigned. A special place of jurisdiction has been created for students. For them, the respective Higher Regional Court was planned, in Berlin the Court of Appeal. In addition to exercising disciplinary and police authority in cases of violation of order and discipline within the university, the university authorities could also be punished: Students' injurious causes among themselves, light duels and all offences that threatened no more than 4 weeks in prison. In all other respects, the judiciary's function remained the same for civil claims. For the legal advice of the rector and the senate, the function of in-house counsel was created with the rank of full professor. In all disciplinary cases, the power to decide was vested in the rector and the syndic jointly or in the senate, with the competence being regulated in such a way that minor offences were decided by the rector alone or jointly with the syndic, while for major offences the senate was responsible (e.g. duels, realinjuries, disturbance of peace in public places, insulting an authority, insulting a teacher, inciting incitement and gang up among students). The syndicus had to lecture the senate on the cases to be tried. A further task of the syndic was to take up debt contracts of the students and to carry out judicial certifications for foreigners. The admissible disciplinary penalties were: Rector's reprimand; public reprimand before the Senate; detention; threat of "Consilium abeundi"; "Consilium abeundi"; relegation. These statutory provisions were supported by the reformers' desire to grant extensive rights to the university's governing bodies in the field of disciplinary law. Only the efforts of the reaction to suppress all movements at the universities that somehow appeared free or democratic put an end to this development. At the same time as the "Instruction für die außerordentlichen Regierungsbevollmächtigen bei den Universitäten" of 18 November 1819, a "Reglement für die zukünftige Verwaltung der akademischen Disziplin- und Polizeigewalt bei den Universitäten" was issued on the same day by King Friedrich-Wilhelm III and State Chancellor Hardenberg. After that, a university judge was appointed at all universities in Prussia to replace the previous in-house lawyer, who was given the task of enforcing academic discipline and police force. The reason given for issuing this instruction was that the rectors and senators of the universities had not maintained the necessary cooperation with the police authorities and that the change of rectors and senators had prevented the constant exercise of disciplinary authority. In reality, the individual provisions of this decree bear witness to the attempt to increasingly restrict the rights once granted to the university in the spirit of the reformers, in order to combat by all means the progressive movements developing among students in the universities. Thus the rector was able to deal with all minor offences, which resulted in warnings and reprimands, himself, but had to inform the university judge. For all offences that were likely to result in a prison sentence of more than 14 days, the university judge had to conduct the investigation himself, with the rector or a representative being called in for the negotiations. As major offences, the decree states: "Duels among students in which no significant wounding or mutilation has occurred; real juries; disturbance of silence in public places; insulting an authority; insulting a teacher; incitement; gangsterism among students; discrediting or making a discrediting statement; participation in secret or unauthorized connections. The decision in the case of an offence should be made by the university judge himself, if the university has not recognized the offence on relegation. The Senate had to be heard, but the decision on the Senate's objection was made by the Government Plenipotentiary, to whom the University Judge was subordinate. In the event of exclusion from university, Senate members should have a casting vote, and the majority of votes should be decisive. In this case, too, the university judge could appeal to the government representative in case of disagreement. The university judge was appointed by the Minister of Spiritual Affairs, Education and Medicine in agreement with the Minister of Justice, had to have the qualifications of a judge and was not allowed to be a university teacher. He had the rank of a full professor. While the syndic only took part in the "judicial affairs of the Senate", the university judge became an equal member of the Senate as a so-called legal advisor to the university. He had a duty to ensure that the Senate's decisions complied with existing laws. The differences of opinion on the legality of Senate decisions were decided by the Government Plenipotentiary. Even after the abolition of the office of Government Plenipotentiary in 1848, the University Judge retained the right of the provisional veto against decisions of the Senate which, in his opinion, were illegal or unconstitutional. The Senate protested in vain against this right, which the university judge Lehnert practised in 1864. The above remarks showed that the function of the university judge was closely connected with that of the government representative, indeed the university judge became the auxiliary organ of the government representative. The struggle of Government Plenipotentiary Schultz to consolidate his position at the University was expressed in his efforts to exert a direct and lasting influence on the appointment of the university magistrate in order to employ persons for this function who fully corresponded to the ideas of the Government Plenipotentiary. The previous syndic, Kammergerichtsrat Scheffer, took over the function of university judge in January 1820, but resigned it as early as March 1820, because there had been disputes between him and the government-appointed Schultz, which led to a prolonged illness of Scheffer. Scheffer applied for his dismissal, which he justified with his illness. After the efforts of the government Plenipotentiary to appoint an articled clerk as university judge had failed due to the resistance of the Senate and the Minister of Culture Altenstein, a successor was found in the person of the Kammergerichtsrat Brassert, who on Altenstein's personal order was commissioned to investigate the students Karl Ulrich and Karl von Wangenheim. But Brassert asked already after the session of the senate on 12 April 1820, at which he was introduced, to be released from his office, after he negated the political offenses in his expert opinion against Ulrich and von Wangenheim. However, the Senate decided to suspend the decision until the accused had been recognized as members of the fraternity. After a few days, Brassert withdrew his application and agreed to continue acting provisionally. His final appointment took place in November 1820, but already in March 1821 Brassert was persuaded by the rebukes and reprimands of Schultz, the government official, to give up his function for good. This request was granted by the Ministry. The decrees of 18 Nov. 1819 had led to an extremely tense situation at the university and provoked disputes that were detrimental to all sides. Brassert worked until December, when he was supported by an unskilled worker. The successor - a candidate of the government-appointed Schultz - was the subject of disputes that went far beyond the scope of the university and were finally resolved at the highest level. Despite the negative attitude of Minister Altenstein, the Assessor of the Court of Appeal Krause was appointed university judge in December 1821 by a cabinet order of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. Schultz had turned directly to the king and pointed out that the liberal conditions prevailing at the university would create the danger of revolutionary and state-threatening activities. If his request were not complied with, he would be obliged to resign. The Director of the Ministry's Education Department, von Ladenberg, was entrusted with the temporary administration of this office and with the additional function of curator. The reason given for this measure was that the previous form of deputies could no longer be justified vis-à-vis the Federal Government. As Max Lenz rightly notes in his 1910 History of the University, this was just an excuse from Eichhorn, who sought to regulate university life as he pleased. This measure had been taken without prior consultation of the Senate, so that Eichhorn's Rector and Senate were outraged by this intervention. A protest letter that Boeckh had drafted and that had been signed by 31 Ordinaries was rejected by the Ministry. Thus the function of the university judge Krause as deputy extraordinary government representative was also extinguished. The Instruction of 2 May 1841, which Lenz mentions but does not deal with further, is of interest for these explanations only in so far as it deals with the tasks of the Government Plenipotentiary in the implementation of academic jurisdiction. There has been no fundamental change other than the removal of some formal norms due to Ladenberg's position as Director of the Ministry's Education Department. If the government representative was prevented from attending, the rector and university judge again acted as representatives. Krause left the university on 1 September 1842. On October 1, 1842, the Kammergerichts-Assessor Lehnert was appointed as his successor, administering the position as university judge until April 1848. As his successor, the Higher Regional Court Assessor von Ladenberg was appointed by the Ministry. After the institution of the extraordinary government representative was abolished as a result of the March Revolution in July 1848, Ladenberg's activities were limited to curatorial business, which was almost exclusively carried out by the Ministry's Education Department. After von Ladenberg had been entrusted with the management of the Ministry of Culture in November 1848, he resigned his function at the university and, by decree of 16 November 1848, entrusted the then Rector and the University Judge with the administration of the curatorial business, which essentially consisted of handling scholarship matters. This regulation came into force on 5 December 1848 and remained in force until 1923, when an administrative director was appointed to the university as part of the university reform and the responsibilities of the administrative director and the rector were reorganised. Symptomatic, however, is that the above-mentioned decree of 1848 already provided for a reformation of this office. These reform intentions of some liberal officials, seen as the first reaction to the revolutionary events of March 1848 but never realized because of the capitulation of the liberal bourgeoisie to the feudalabsolutist regime, only came to fruition after the November Revolution. On April 1, 1875, Lehnert was retired at his request and appointed as his successor to the syndic of the Mittelmärkische Ritterschaftsdirektion, Schultz. Schultz died on 16 April 1885. In the meantime, the introduction of the so-called "Reichsjustizgesetze" necessitated a reorganization of academic jurisdiction. In this "Law concerning the Legal Relations of Students and Discipline at the State Universities, the Academy of Münster and the Lyceum Hosianum of Braunsberg" of 29 May 1879, disciplinary authority was exercised by the Rector, the University Judge and the Senate. The following penalties were foreseen: Reference; fine up to 20,-M; detention up to 2 weeks; non-crediting of the current semester to the prescribed period of study; threat of removal from the university (signature of "Consilium abeundi"); removal from the university ("Consilium abeundi"); exclusion from university studies (relegation). The university judge had to conduct the investigation in all cases. The powers of punishment were defined as follows: Rector: reprimands and prison sentences up to 24 hours; Rector and judge: fines and prison sentences up to 3 days; Senate: All higher penalties. In the Ministry's instruction of 1 October 1879, it was pointed out that the term "university court" could no longer be used due to the "change in circumstances". This purely formal act, of course, did not change the way disciplinary authority was exercised, but the rector and the senate were now directly involved in the exercise of disciplinary authority, while the university judge could only pronounce punishments in association with the rector. The successor to Schultz, Paul Daudé (1885-1913), a former public prosecutor, used this power to take action, in close cooperation with the Berlin police president, against progressive efforts within the student body and Polish and Russian students. Daudé was repeatedly commissioned by the Minister himself to provide expert opinions. He is also the author of the infamous "Lex Arons". Since 1901, the university judge also acted as treasurer of the State Library and the Meteorological Institute. He was also a member of the Matriculation Commission, the Honorarium Postponement Commission, the Support Fund and the General Nursing Association for Students. The regulations for students at the state universities of 1879 were renewed in 1905 and 1914, without any change in the regulations governing the position of university judges. Daudé's successor was Ernst Wollenberg, who served as university judge until his appointment as administrative director of the university in 1923 and was also a part-time in-house lawyer of the Technical University. Already in 1919 reform efforts began, which in 1923 led to the enactment of new statutes for the universities by the Prussian Ministry of Education, but which did not change the character of the higher education policy of the Weimar Republic. The discussion about the position of the university judge was also held at Berlin University. The commission set up to consider the matter concluded that the removal of the function of university judge was justified, but called for the appointment of an administrative director who, without being a member of the Senate, would have the task of managing the administrative affairs of the university and its institutes, as well as providing legal advice and preparing disciplinary matters. The appointment was to be made by the government, with the Senate having the right to make proposals. The new statutes, which were then issued by decision of the Prussian State Ministry of March 20, 1923, eliminated the institution of the university judge and introduced the function of the "university council". The University Council then had the task of providing legal advice to the Administrative Director, the Rector and the other institutions of the University. In addition, he was responsible for carrying out the academic discipline in accordance with the disciplinary rules, which were still applied in accordance with the aforementioned law of 1879. The Prussian Minister's close collaborator, Erich Wende, already pointed out at that time that a reform of these outdated regulations was inevitable. The fact that the University Council involved prosecutors and investigating magistrates as well as the rector as the judge in the disciplinary proceedings resulted in a situation that was already contrary to the procedural rules of general criminal law. The position of university councillor was usually filled part-time by a judge who was not a member of the Senate, but who could be called in to advise the Senate on Senate sessions. The participation in the matriculation committee remained. With effect from November 1, 1923, Hermann Marcard, Councillor of the Local Court, was appointed University Councillor at Berlin University, and in January 1924 he was also appointed Legal Counsel of the State Library. At the end of January 1933 the NS-Studentenbund publicly staged a large-scale slander campaign against Marcard for his actions against National Socialist thugs, which ended with Marcard's replacement as a university councillor in April 1933. Mardcard's successor was Wilhelm Püschel, the director of the regional court, who was appointed to the post of university councillor by the ministry in May 1933. However, Püschel retired in October 1935, as the position of university council was to be converted into a full-time legal council position on April 1, 1936. The Leitmeyer Public Prosecutor's Office Council was appointed to the University Law Council. In addition to providing legal advice to the Rector, the Administrative Director and the other academic authorities of the University, Leitmeyer was also commissioned to provide legal advice to the Administrative Director of the Charité Hospital, the Rector and the academic authorities of the Technical University of Berlin, as well as to the Director General of the State Library. Leitmeyer had already been active since October 1935 on a commission basis as a university law council. In the meantime, by decree of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Popular Education of 1 April 1935, a "Penal Code for Students, Listeners and Student Associations at Universities" had been announced. This new disciplinary order, which corresponded to the NS leader principle, provided for the following penalties: 1. oral warning; 2. written reprimand; 3. non-compliance with the current semester; 4. distance from the university, combined with non-compliance with the semester; 5. permanent exclusion from studies at all German universities. The Legal Council had to conduct the investigation. Warnings and reprimands were issued by the Rector, while non-compliance, removal and expulsion were imposed by the Rector following a prior decision of the so-called Tripartite Committee, to which the Rector and the heads of the faculty and student body belonged. The Legal Council had the function of an accuser, i.e. it had to submit the accusation and represent it. Appointment at the Reich Ministry of Science was possible. The old disciplinary regulations of 1879 and 1914 probably remained in force until the enactment of the penal code on April 1, 1935, with the abolition of the provisions that had become obsolete as a result of the development. Wende already pointed out that fines and detention were outdated and should be abolished. In the period from November 1936 to March 1937, the Legal Council was entrusted with the performance of the University Trustee's duties. Leitmeyer was delegated to the university administration of the so-called "Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia" in 1939 and appointed curator of the Brno Technical University in 1940. As a replacement, the Regional Court Councillor Bernhard Rosenhagen was appointed provisionally from September 1939 and definitively by the Ministry from September 1, 1940. His responsibilities included providing legal advice to the Rector, the University Curator and the academic authorities of the University, the Administrative Director of the Charité Hospital, the General Director of the State Library and the State Materials Testing Office. When Rosenhagen was appointed Administrative Director of the Charité Hospital in 1943, he only performed his duties as a legal councillor at the university part-time with the official title "University Councillor". His activities ended on 8 May 1945. In summary, the university judge had to carry out his duties as an executive and supervisory body at the universities. This applies not only to the time of the reaction after the enactment of the Karlovy Vary decisions in 1819, but also to the later years. The university judge Daudé (1885-1913) is a particularly vivid example of whose commission and for what interests the university judge had to work. III. archival processing Although the individual disciplinary processes were used, the entire holdings had to be processed in accordance with the principles of order and registration. The order and distortion took place in the months of December 1967 to March 1968 by the then archive manager Kossack. The transfer of the index or find book entries into the electronic form did not mean any changes to the order of the holdings. Only the spelling and the punctuation were normalized. The signatures and titles have been retained. Citation style: HU UA, University Judge.01, No. XXX. HU UA, UR.01, No. XXX.
Foreword: Foreword Findbuch HHS I: Behörden- und Bestandsgeschichtliche Einleitung History of the Registraturbilders: The Handelshochschule Berlin is a foundation of the elders of the Berlin merchant community. It was opened in October 1906 and initially had the following tasks: ""To provide young merchants with in-depth general and commercial education, taking constant account of practical circumstances; "to give prospective commercial school teachers the opportunity to acquire the necessary theoretical and practical specialist training; "to provide judicial, administrative, consular and chamber of commerce officials, etc., with the opportunity to work in the field of business administration. (1) The training should not, however, serve exclusively practical purposes, but the scientific character of the new institution should occupy an important place in the effectiveness of the new university. This condition had also been imposed by the Ministers for Trade and Commerce and for Spiritual, Teaching and Medical Matters in the approval of the Order of 27.12.1903, whereby special reference was made to "keeping the Handelshochschule at the same level as the other Berlin universities"(2) At the time of the opening, the teaching staff consisted of 8 lecturers in the main office 30 lecturers in the secondary office 13 private lecturers 4 assistants Students, guest students and listeners were admitted to study. The admission requirements stipulated that, in addition to merchants entitled to "one-year voluntary service" and having completed their apprenticeship, high school graduates and teachers could also be admitted to the 2nd teacher training examination. The curriculum provided for the following subjects: Economics: banking, stock exchange, monetary and credit affairs, cooperatives, transportation, trade, commerce, agricultural, colonial and social policy, statistics, finance, insurance, commercial history, economic geography Legal studies: civil law, commercial law, commercial law, bill of exchange and maritime law, insurance law, social legislation, industrial property law, prosecution (international transport), state, administrative and international law, criminal law Commodities science:Physics, Chemistry, Mechanical Technology, Chemical Technology, Industrial Health Commercial Engineering: Accounting, Commercial Accounting, Correspondence Methodology of Commercial Education Languages: English, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, German (for foreigners) General Humanities: History, History of Art, History of Literature, Philosophy The duration of the studies was 2 years. After completing their studies, students had the opportunity to take both an examination for practical business people and a diploma examination. (3) In the years 1912, 1920, 1924, 1927 and 1937, the examination regulations were amended several times in accordance with the changed conditions and requirements for graduates of the Handelshochschule or were completely revised. Apart from the diploma examination, the commercial teacher examination could also be taken. (4) In addition, diploma commercial teachers had the opportunity to take an additional examination in the writing subjects and office economics. (5) The examination regulations from 1937, which applied until 1945, also provided for the possibility of a diploma examination as an economist, which, however, could only be taken since 1944 at the Berlin School of Economics. (6) The constitution of the Handelshochschule of 15.11.1923 made admission to studies dependent on the acquisition of a school leaving certificate and set the duration of studies at 4 years. Since 1928, it had been possible to take the special matriculation examination in order to obtain a university entrance qualification, which was prepared by so-called "private matriculation examination courses". The number of students in the years 1906-1933 rose from 213 in the winter semester 1906/1907 to 1184 in the winter semester 1919/20, 1234 in the winter semester 1928/29 and reached the highest number of 1260 in the summer semester 1932. In the years 1933-1945 the number of students including guest students and visitors ranged between 500 and 1700. (7) The first official course catalogue of the summer semester 1907 announced lectures in the following fields of knowledge: Economics Economics Law Economic Geography and Economic History Pure and Applied Natural Sciences, Commodities Technology Languages Theory and Practice of Commercial Education General Scientific Education Skills (short writing) It should be particularly emphasized that lectures on colonial politics and colonial economics occupied a large space within economics. (8) Apart from some changes and additions, the structure of the curriculum remained constant. In addition, the curriculum was included in the following years: Insurance Cooperative Studies Physics and Chemistry were reported as separate courses. Lectures on "Russian economic conditions" and "Eastern Europe" were also announced in the SS 1914. In the winter semester of 1917/18 the lecturer Dr. lic. Rohrbach said in his lecture "German World Politics" that he still had to talk about the "struggle for the rise of the Germans to a world people". After the November Revolution, which, according to the report of the then rector, Prof. Leitner, was a consequence of "the violent end of the world war by the superiority of matter and the internal enemies of the people" (10), many lectures dealt with economic and general political problems of the post-war period. (So e.g. "Development of the political parties a Germany - L. Bergsträsser - Lessons of the World War - Wegener -) Germany's geographical, political and economic world position (The encirclement as a result of our geographical disadvantages - Liberation from the predicament - Rohrbach-) (11) Lectures for the Berlin teaching staff in which the following topics were dealt with were new: "The Foundations of Socialism" (The Doctrine of Class Struggle, Socialist Value Doctrine, Socialism of Action, socialist theories of state) "The economic theories and their Connection with the intellectual movement of modern times" (12) As of SS 1923, the term "business administration" was introduced instead of "private economics". The structure of the syllabus and curriculum remained essentially the same until 1935. In May 1935, the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Popular Education issued "Guidelines for the Study of Economics", which corresponded entirely to the aims of fascist university policy: Orientation of the teaching staff and students towards the unscientific theories of National Socialism that are hostile to the people and people. Thus the following lecture topics appeared in the lecture timetables of the years 1935/36-1945: "Germanistic Prehistory" "People, especially People Becoming a People as the Sense of the National Revolution "The German Abroad and its Schools" "People and Race" "States", especially Workers and Entrepreneurs for the Sociology of the Operating Community) "State", especially Economy and Space "National Economy", especially Daily Questions of National Socialist Economic Policy, Military Science, Military Science "Business Administration", especially Human Management in Companies, Foreign Trade Businesses under the Influence of the New Plan, Warfare and Transport Routes, The establishment of the Handelshochschule is part of the period of the development of capitalism, free competition with imperialism, and the establishment of the Handelshochschule is part of the period of the development of capitalism. German imperialism, which was neglected in the division of the world between the imperialist great powers, also put the educational institutions at the service of its economic expansion policy. The cadres needed to cope with these tasks had to have a higher level of training than the business people trained at technical colleges. In this sense, the then rector of the Handelshochschule, Prof. Leitner, in a memorandum written in December 1919 to obtain the right to award doctorates, also spoke of the fact that "the development of Germany from an agricultural state to an industrial state, the emergence of large and giant industrial enterprises, the expansion of national trade to international and world trade, finally the concentration and expansion in the German banking industry towards the end of the last century had necessitated the establishment of special technical colleges for merchants and higher commercial officials. (13) Thus the commercial college objectively served to strengthen and consolidate the imperialist system. The connection with commercial, industrial and bank capital was particularly close because the Handelshochschule had been part of the business division of the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce since July 1920. Franz von Mendelssohn: Banker, former President of the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce Philipp Vielmetter: General Director of Knorr-Bremse AG, Vice President of the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce, Treasurer of the Gesellschaft der Freunde der Handelshochschule Karl Gelpcke: Director of Hypothekenbank Hamburg, President of the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce Friedrich Reinhart: Prussian State Councillor, President of the Berlin Chamber of Construction Economics, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Commerz- und Privatbank AG The administration of the Handelshochschule was initially carried out by the eldest members of the Berlin business community. The so-called "Grand Council of the College of Commerce", to which the members belonged, existed as an advisory body: "The President of the College of Elders, two representatives of the State Government, the Rector of the Handelshochschule, one representative of the Berlin University, one representative of the Technische Hochschule Berlin, six delegates of the College of Elders, two members of the Finance Commission, three lecturers employed in the main office and to be elected by the teaching staff, a member of the Berlin City Council, a member of the Berlin City Assembly, a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the General Counsel of the School of Management, five other outstanding personalities appointed by the elders of the commercial team who have confirmed their interest in the School of Management." (15) The Rector of the College of Commerce was elected for 3 years, later for 2 years by the College of Lecturers and had to be confirmed by the Minister of Commerce and Industry, who was entrusted with the supervision of the school by the Prussian State Government. The supervision was initially carried out by a representative in the Grand Council, later by a so-called "State Commissioner". There were 7 institutes and seminars when the university was founded. From winter term 1918/19 the 1st syndic of the corporation was appointed as curator of the university. With effect from 1.7.1920, the corporation of the merchants was incorporated into the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce and thus the commercial college was subordinated to the Berlin Chamber of Industry and Commerce. In addition to the "Grand Council", a college of commerce administration commission was formed, the majority of which consisted of representatives of commercial, industrial and bank capital. The Administrative Commission had the task of taking care of the administrative affairs of the university. The university counted at that time 8 Ordinarien 33 lecturers in the Nebenamt 1 Privatdozenten 37 lecturers and 7 Lektors it existed at that time now 14 institutes and seminars. The constitution of the commercial college of 22.10.1923, which replaced the order of 21.12.1903, reorganised the constitutional status of the college. (16) The names of the members of the teaching staff have been brought into line with those of the university. So there were only professors, lecturers, private lecturers, assistant lecturers and lecturers at the university. As a representative of the teaching staff, the "Dozentenkollegium" was created, to which only the professors belonged with seat and vote, and 2 representatives of the remaining teaching staff. Without voting rights 2 further members were admitted. The teaching staff had the task of monitoring the completeness of the teaching, submitting proposals for appointments and deciding on the admission of private lecturers. In addition, the board of lecturers elected the rector, whose term of office was 2 years. The professors were appointed by the Chamber of Commerce and Industry subject to confirmation by the Ministers of Commerce and Industry and Science, Arts and Popular Education. The so-called State Treaty, which was concluded between the Minister for Trade and Commerce and the President of the Chamber of Industry and Commerce on 16.7.1926, granted the Handelshochschule Berlin the rights of a university according to the provisions of the General Land Law. In this respect, the Handelshochschule was placed on an equal footing with the other universities and colleges. (17) The right to award doctorates, which has been demanded by all members of the teaching staff for years, has also been conferred on the university. (18) The right of habilitation had already been held by the Handelshochschule since 22.5.1915. (19) A board of trustees was appointed for the administration of the Handelshochschule. In addition, it was stipulated that the bodies otherwise existing at universities should also be formed, e.g. a senate which had not existed until then. The Board of Trustees consisted of the following members: the President of the Chamber of Industry and Commerce or his deputy, a second executive chairman appointed by the President after hearing the Chamber of Industry and Commerce, 7 members elected by the Chamber of Commerce, the Rector and Prorector of the School of Commerce or their deputies, and the corresponding full-time professors with an advisory vote in matters relating to individual areas of teaching. The appointment of these members took place for 3 years. In detail, the Board of Trustees had the following tasks: Decision on the purchase and sale of real property Employment of the civil servants and employees required for the administration Provision of expert opinions on the organisation of university teaching and suggestions in this respect Management of other university business, insofar as they have not been transferred to other bodies and do not relate to teaching and research State supervision was exercised by a State Commissioner appointed by the Minister for Trade and Industry. By the II. Ordinance of 29 October 1932 on the Simplification and Reduction of the Price of Administration (Pr. G.S., p. 333), the state supervision of the Handelshochschule Berlin was transferred to the then Prussian Minister of Science, Art and Popular Education, who fulfilled his duties and rights in the same manner as before. By decision of the Prussian State Ministry of 1 Nov. 1935, the Handelshochschule was given the new name "Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin". At the same time, the right to award doctorates was extended to include "Dr.rer.Pol.". The economics lessons at the University of Berlin and the former Berlin School of Economics were merged. (20) This form of organisation was maintained until 1945. In winter semester 1943/44 the teaching staff consisted of 14 full professors 1 extraordinary professor 5 honorary professors 4 lecturers 53 assistant lecturers 7 lecturers (21) There were 12 institutes and seminars. Institute of Finance Economics Seminar Insurance Science Seminar Institute of Industrial Business Administration Business Economics Seminars Legal Seminars Archive for Trade and Business Law Political Seminar Geographical Seminar Physical-Chemical Seminar Business Education Seminar British-American Seminar Outside the Association of the University, the following academic institutions were also available: 1st Berlin Institute of Higher Education for Insurance Science, which, in addition to the Business School, was also available to the University and the Technical University 2nd Institute for Office Economics 3rd Berlin Institute of Higher Education for Insurance Science, which was also available to the University and the Technical University 2nd Institute for Office Economics 3rd Institute of Business Administration, which was available to the University and the Technical University of BerlinResearch Centre for Trade at the Reichskuratorium für Wirtschaftlichkeit 4.From the very beginning, the members of the teaching staff included well-known bourgeois scholars who had trained a completely different generation of executives in business and administration, such as Professors Bernhard: (Georg) Volkswirtschaft Binz: Chemie Bonn: Economics Eltzbacher: Law Eulenburg: Economics Heilfron: Law Hellauer: Commercial Science Jastrow: Political Science Marten: Physics Mellerowicz: Business Administration Nicklisch: Business Administration Preuß: Law Schücking: Law Sombart: Political Science Tiessen: Geography Valentin: Politics Wegener: Geography During the years 1933-1945 also typical representatives of the fascist ideology and representatives of the German monopoly capital worked, like the professors Weber: Jurisprudence (today leading member of the NPD, professor in Göttingen, in the brown book of the GDR registers) Hettlage: (today professor in Mainz, state secretary, member of the high authority of the European community for coal and steel, in the brown book of the GDR registers) v. Arnim: Rector of the Technische Hochschule Berlin, SA-Gruppenführer Reithinger: Head of the Economics Department of IG-Farben, Berlin NW 7 Registratur- und Bestandsgeschichte Registraturverhältnisse: In the course of organizing and recording the holdings, it was established that the existing file units must have been kept in a central registry. There is a continuous signing of the hand-stitched files (Roman numerals I - XIX), whereby small Latin letters were used in addition to the subdivision. A registration scheme was not available, so that it was not possible to determine which criteria formed the basis for the formation of the individual groups. In the course of the office reform, the conversion to a file registration system took place early (approx. 1920). New signatures - also Roman numerals I - XVII - with subdivision (Arabic numerals), e.g. II I - were used. There are file directories from the years 1933 and 1936. Subsequently, 17 main groups had been formed, subdivided according to need with Arabic numerals. It can be seen from the remaining parts of the registry that from 1940 onwards only Arabic numerals were used to identify the file units. Registry directories could not be determined. It must be assumed that most of these files were destroyed by the effects of war. Access, completeness, cassation: The transfer of the holdings, which were located in the building of the former business school, since 1946 Faculty of Economics of the Humboldt University, took place in 2 stages. The part stored on the floor was added to the archive in 1964, the one in the cellar in 1967. In March 1970 a remainder of approx. 2 running metres was found in a cellar of the building. The collection also included about 7000 student personal files, which were stored alphabetically. With regard to the completeness of the holdings, it should be noted that, following a comparison with the list of files from 1936 on the standing file registry of 635 files established since 1920, only 170 files remain. However, it should be noted that the files formed after 1 October 1936 do not appear in the register, so that an exact determination is not possible. There are also no directories of the previous files kept since 1906. The student personnel files seem to have been almost completely handed down. It is assumed that a large proportion of the files were destroyed as a result of the building damage caused by an air raid in February 1945. With the takeover of the files of the business school, at the same time about 200 files of the board of trustees of the business school were added to the archive, which were handed over to the city archive of Greater Berlin for reasons of responsibility. The only thing that was collected for the purpose of researching the history of the business school was completely worthless file units, such as vouchers, lists, announcements and manuscripts of the lecture timetables, which can only be regarded as preparation material for the printed lecture timetables. Archival processing: The traditional registry order could not be used as a basis for organizing the holdings. The majority of the file titles have also been reformulated. 12 main groups with the corresponding subgroups were formed and the file units were classified accordingly. 1.Constitution and management of the university 2.Teaching and training 3.Award of academic degrees 4.Teaching staff 5.Relations with domestic and foreign universities, colleges and other scientific institutions 6.Public activities of the commercial college (business school) 7.Associations and associations 8.Disciplinary matters 9.Social support for students 10.Libraries 11.Household and finance 12.Assets of the business school A subject and name register facilitate the user's work on the holdings. The order and the distortion of the inventory took place in the years 1968 - 1970 by the undersigned. Berlin in May 1970, Kossack footnotes: (1) "Ordnung der Handelshochschule der Korporation der Kaufmannschaft von Berlin vom 21.12.1903" in: "Handelshochschule Berlin - Organisation und Lehrplan der Handelshochschule der Korporation der Kaufmannschaft von Berlin", 3rd edition, Berlin 1906, pp. 14 ff. (2)Ebenda, p. 6 (3)Cf. in addition: "Draft of an examination regulation for the diploma examination at the Handelshochschule der Korporation der Kaufmannschaft von Berlin vom 6.6.1906" (4)Ebenda, p. 31 (5)Cf. " Regulation of the additional examination for diploma commercial teachers in the writing subjects and office economics of 4.9.1928 (6)Cf.3. 1937" (7)Cf. "Deutsche Hochschulstatistik WS 1928/29, WS 1930/31, WS 1932/33", "Berlin 1929 - 1933" and "Zehnjahresstatistik des Hochschulbesuchungen und der Abschlussprüfungen, 1. volume, Hochschulbesuch, bearbeitet von Prof. Dr. Charlotte Lorenz, Universität Berlin", Berlin 1943 (8)Cf. "Handelshochschule Berlin, Vorlesungen und Übungen im Wintersemester 1907/08 und folgende.". (9)See course catalogue WS 1917/18, p. 35 (10)See "Handelshochschule Berlin. Report on the rectorate period October 1918/20, reported by the rector of the Handelshochschule, Prof. Dr. Leitner, Berlin 1921", p. 6 (11)Cf. to "Handelshochschule Berlin. Amtliches Verzeichnis der Vorlesungen und Übungen SS 1919", p. 32,39,29 (12)Ebenda WS 1919/20, p. 50/51 (13)Cf. Report on the rectorate period October 1918/20, submitted by the rector of the Handelshochschule, Prof. Friedrich Leitner, Berlin 1921, p. 29 (14)/ (15)Cf. "Ordnung der Handelshochschule der Korporation der Kaufmannschaft von Berlin vom 21. December 1903/04, January 1904", § 3 in: "Handelshochschule Berlin - Opening October 1906 - Organization and Curriculum of the Handelshochschule der Korporation der Kaufmannschaft von Berlin", Berlin 1906 (16)See Constitution of the Handelshochschule Berlin (17)The wording of the contract is in: Ebenda, Nr. 10 (18)Cf. Promotionsordnung der Handelshochschule Berlin vom 18.1.1927 (19)Cf. "Die Entwicklung der Handelshochschule Berlin von 1913 - 1916" by Prof. Dr. P. Eltzbacher, Berlin 1916, S, 3 (20)Only a copy of the decree of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and People's Education (W Ie 2703 vom 8.11.1935) could be determined in: U.A. der H.U. Rektorat vor 1945, Nr. 257 (21)Cf. Wirtschaftshochschule Berlin, Vorlesungsverzeichnis WS 1943/44, S. 23 ff Zitierweise: HU UA, Business School Berlin.01, No. XXX. HU UA, WHB.01, No. XXX.