Bayerische diplomatische Vertreter lassen sich an der Kurie bis zum Beginn des 17. Jahrhunderts zurückverfolgen. Demgemäß reichen auch die Akten der bayerischen Vertretung beim päpstlichen Stuhl bruchstückweise bis zum Jahre 1606 zurück. Von geschlossenen Beständen kann man freilich erst seit der Amtszeit des Gesandten Marchese dAntici sprechen, der ab 1769 Vertreter der Kurpfalz, sodann des Herzogtums Zweibrücken und seit 1776 auch von Kurbayern in Rom war. Nach der fluchtartigen Aufgabe des Gesandtenpostens durch dAntici im Jahre 1798 anlässlich der Besetzung Roms durch die französischen Truppen war Kurpfalzbayern ohne diplomatischen Vertreter in Rom. Erst zu Ende des Jahres 1803 wurde wieder eine bayerische Vertretung eingerichtet, die zunächst die Bezeichnung "Churpfalzbaierische Mission in Rom" führte. Infolge der Einverleibung des Kirchenstaats in das französische Empire durch Napoleon I. war sie in der Zeit von 1810-1815 abermals unterbrochen. Seit der Neubeglaubigung des Gesandten Freiherrn von Haeffelin im August 1815 bestand sie ohne Unterbrechung fort bis zu ihrer Aufhebung am 30. Juni 1934, die durch die nationalsozialistische Reichsregierung aufgrund des Gesetzes über den Neuaufbau des Reiches von 30. Januar 1934 erfolgte. Der Name der Gesandtschaft, der nach der Erhebung Bayerns zum Königreich im Jahre 1806 zunächst "Bayerische Gesandtschaft in Rom" lautete, wurde nach der Einverleibung Roms in das Königreich Italien im Jahre 1870 in "Bayerische Gesandtschaft beim päpstlichen Stuhl" umgewandelt. Seit 31. Mai 1930 lautete die amtliche Bezeichnung in Angleichung an die Namensführung der übrigen bei der Kurie beglaubigten diplomatischen Vertretungen "Bayerische Gesandtschaft beim Heiligen Stuhl". Während der Unterbrechung der offiziellen diplomatischen Beziehungen zwischen Bayern und dem päpstlichen Stuhl in den Jahren 1798-1803 und 1810-1815 waren für den bayerischen Hof Agenten in Rom tätig. Bei der Erkrankung des Gesandten Freiherrn von Guttenberg im Jahre 1909 übernahm der preußische Gesandte beim päpstlichen Stuhl in der Zeit vom 21. April bis 27. Oktober die vertretungsweise Führung der Geschäfte der bayerischen Gesandtschaft. Durch den Kriegseintritt Italiens im Mai 1915 war der Gesandte genötigt, den Sitz der Gesandtschaft von Rom nach Lugano in der neutralen Schweiz zu verlegen. Erst zur Jahreswende 1919/1920 erfolgte die Rückverlegung der Gesandtschaft nach Rom. Der bayerische Gesandte beim päpstlichen Stuhl vertrat verschiedentlich auch die Interessen von Staaten, die keinen eigenen diplomatischen Vertreter dort beglaubigt hatten, so die von Württemberg und Baden in der Zeit um 1808, von Griechenland nach der Errichtung eines selbstständigen Königreichs bis zur Entsendung eines eigenen Gesandten, ferner in der 2. Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts hin und wieder die Belange des Königreichs Sachsen. Demgemäß finden sich einschlägige Vorgänge in den Beständen der bayerischen Gesandtschaften. Da sie zumeist mit den bayerischen Akten unmittelbar zusammenhängen, konnte eine Aussonderung der betreffenden Stücke nicht durchgeführt werden. Auch mit den Angelegenheiten des souveränen Malteser-Ordens, mit dem Bayern keine eigenen diplomatischen Vertreter austauschte, wurde die Gesandtschaft beim päpstlichen Stuhl betraut. In der Zeit von Ende Juni 1851 bis 1. Dezember 1865 war der bayerische Gesandte in Rom gleichzeitig an den Höfen von Turin und Neapel beglaubigt. Soweit es ohne Zerreißung der Zusammenhänge geschehen konnte, wurden die Registraturen gesondert. Bei gemeinsam behandelten Angelegenheiten sind stets auch die Bestände dieser beiden Gesandtschaften heranzuziehen. Die Akten der Gesandtschaft in Rom aus der Zeit bis 1798 gehörten bisher zum Bestand Kasten schwarz des Geheimen Staatsarchivs und umfassten vornehmlich Kasten schwarz 509 und 510. Der Bestand der Jahre 1803-1934 war bislang überhaupt nur in seinem älteren Teil, den sogenannten Haeffelinschen Akten (Kasten grün 33-38), grob geordnet. Diese stammten von einer Ministerialabgabe des Jahres 1906. Der größere Teil der Gesandtschaftsregistratur kam kurz vor Aufhebung der Gesandtschaft im Juni 1934 als amtlich versiegeltes Gesandtschaftsgut unmittelbar von Rom nach München an das Geheime Staatsarchiv. Ein paar Akten wurden im Juli 1936 noch nachträglich von der Bayerischen Staatskanzlei dem Geheimen Staatsarchiv zugewiesen. Der gesamte Bestand wurde nunmehr nach den in der "Archivalischen Zeitschrift" Band 46 (1950) dargelegten Richtlinien neu geordnet. Fehlende Stücke wurden kaum festgestellt, der äußere Zustand war bis auf einige wenige Stücke gut. Vernichtet wurden nur Blätter, aus denen weder der sachliche Inhalt noch der Name der behandelten Person erkennbar war, ferner die Ein- und Auslaufstagebücher (Journale). Dem Missstand, dass mehrmals in Schreiben des Gesandten verschiedene Fälle behandelt wurden, wurde durch entsprechende Verweise zu begegnen versucht. Bei den Zeitungsausschnitten, die namentlich von den beiden letzten Gesandten in größeren Umfang als Unterlagen für ihre Berichte gesammelt wurden, finden sich vornehmlich folgende Abkürzungen: BK = Bayerischer Kurier Corr = Corriere dItalia KV = Kölnische Volkszeitung KZ = Kölnische Zeitung M = Messaggero MNN = Münchner Neueste Nachrichten OR = LOsservatore Romano T = Tribuna VB = Völkischer Beobachter Um das Personenverzeichnis nicht zu überfüllen, wurden hektographierte Listen französischer kriegsgefangener Offiziere in Bayern der Jahre 1870/71 (Nr. 2753) nicht aufgenommen. Für die freundliche Unterstützung bei der Lesung einiger italienischer Schriftstücke bin ich den Herren Kollegen Dr. A. Stengel und Dr. B. Zittel zu Dank verpflichtet. Das Register wurde von Fräulein Dr. v. Hoermann angefertigt. Edgar Krausen Reinschrift: Marianne Neudek Nr. 1-421, Ingeborg Thal Im Dezember 1951 Ergänzende Anmerkungen: Bei der Anlage des Repertoriums der Bayerischen Gesandtschaft beim Päpstlichen Stuhl wurde die ältere Gesandtschaftsregistratur aus dem Bestand Kasten schwarz 509/1-5 und 510/1-4 herausgenommen und im neuen Repertorium unter "Politischer Schriftwechsel" und an anderen Stellen verzeichnet. Die Objekte mit den Signaturen 3001-3010 wurden ebenfalls der Gesandtschaftsregistratur aus dem Bestand Kasten schwarz entnommen. Sie sind im Findbuch nur sehr allgemein erschlossen. Allerdings liegt im Repertorienzimmer ein detaillierter Ergänzungsband zu diesen Akten vor, der insbesondere Kopien von Schlagwortverzeichnissen und Betreffsregistern enthält, die Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts angelegt wurden. Sie stammen aus dem Akt Gesandtschaft Päpstlicher Stuhl 485 mit dem Betreff "Registraturverzeichnis der Gesandtschaft".

1st administrative history/biography: Carl Bach was born on 08.03.1847 in Stollberg in the Erzgebirge mountains as the son of the saddler master and carriage builder Heinrich Julius Bach. After attending primary school and private school in Stollberg, he completed an apprenticeship as a locksmith. In the years 1863 and 1864 he worked in the steam engine construction of the company R. Hartmann in Chemnitz. During this time he learned English in addition to his work. Then he was first a pupil of the Gewerbschule, later of the Werkmeisterschule, where he graduated at Easter 1866 with the overall grade 1 and the silver medal, which was only awarded in one copy. This year he took part in planning work for the Chemnitz water pipeline under the direction of Prof. Kankelwitz. After the following studies at the Polytechnikum Dresden he followed Prof. Kankelwitz as assistant for the years 1868 to 1872 to Stuttgart. After this time Bach studied again, this time with Grashof at the TH Karlsruhe, where he earned his diploma in 1873. In the following five years he worked as an engineer in Wollwich, London and Vienna, finally becoming director of Lausitzer Maschinenfabrik AG in Bautzen. He was elected to the Zittau Chamber of Commerce in 1877 and married in the same year. On 01 October 1878, Bach was appointed full professor of mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart, where he established the Materials Testing Institute in 1884 and the Engineering Laboratory eleven years later. From 1885 to 1888 he was rector of the TH Stuttgart. One year later, on 20 June 1889, Bach was awarded the silver commemorative medal by the King of Württemberg on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the government. In February 1892 he received the Knight's Cross and on 25 November 1895 the Honorary Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown, connected with the nobility of persons. He was also awarded the title of "Construction Director". Already in 1883 Carl Bach was appointed to the Federal Polytechnic in Zurich, in 1895 to the Technical University in Berlin and in 1902 unofficially to the Technical University in Vienna. However, he did not follow any of these calls. On 22 March 1911 he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the 2nd Class of the Albrecht Order by King Friedrich August of Saxony, in 1914 the title "Staatsrat", in February 1916 he was awarded the Wilhelmskreuz by the King of Württemberg, in February 1918 the Commander's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown. Also this year Bach was the first technician in Württemberg to receive the title "Excellence". From 1912 to 1918 Carl von Bach was a member of the 1st Chamber of the Württemberg State Parliament for the TH Stuttgart. On his 70th birthday, 1917, he became an honorary citizen of his hometown Stollberg and on his 80th birthday an honorary citizen of Stuttgart. In 1920 the senate of the TH Stuttgart had him paint for the senate hall. Two years later Bach was emeritus. In 1926 Bach was painted again, this time for the conference hall of the VDI in Berlin. Carl von Bach died in Stuttgart on 10 October 1931. He holds honorary doctorates from the TH Berlin (1903), the University of Tübingen (1927), the TH Vienna (1927), and the TH Stuttgart (1927). In close cooperation and lively exchange of ideas with renowned entrepreneurs and inventors such as Robert Bosch, Paul Daimler, Rudolf Diesel, Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin and many others, Bach succeeded in bridging the gap in mechanical engineering between practitioners such as Redtenbacher (Karlsruhe) and theorists such as Reuleaux (Berlin) by purposefully combining theory and practice through experimental research in mechanical engineering and civil engineering. In order to secure the scientific basis, Bach successfully established two research institutes, the Materials Testing Institute 1884, of which he was director until 1922, and the Engineering Laboratory 1895. On his initiative, the first chair for aeronautics and automotive engineering was established in Germany in 1925, together with the associated laboratory. Based on his work, Bach is regarded as the founder of static elasticity and strength theory. Both from his own experience and from his work in business circles and technical associations, Bach was aware that the rapid development of German industry required a fundamental reform of engineering education. He demanded a "workshop practice" of at least one year. Bach considered solid practical experience supplemented by thorough, comprehensive training in natural science and technical subjects, but also the teaching of humanities disciplines, the "humanisation of technical universities", to be absolutely essential for the engineer of the future. His educational policy intentions, which he realized in his more than 40 years of work at the Technical University of Stuttgart, he achieved above all through the Association of German Engineers. The appreciation of Bach as a teacher and scholar is expressed not only by his appointments to other universities, but also by the orders and honours of crowned heads and associations of a technical, scientific and socio-political nature, as well as the magnificent letter of thanks from the students of the TH Stuttgart. 2nd inventory description: Carl von Bach (1847-1931) was one of the most important German technical scientists of his time. In the field of mechanical engineering and material testing he did pioneering work, which is the basis for today's problems and solutions. The estate of Carl von Bach comprises a total of about 40 running metres. Archive material. However, this material does not only contain the scientific legacy of Bach, but much more: in addition to the scientific works - almost all manuscripts of his major works are available in various editions - an extensive part of his private legacy is also preserved. In addition, the University Archives also contain the estate of his son Julius Bach. He was bequeathed in his will the entire legacy of his father's writings, which he finally bequeathed to the then Technical University of Karl-Marx-Stadt alongside his own. Particularly valuable in the estate of Carl von Bach, if one can even pick out a subgroup, is the traditional business correspondence. On approx. 50,000 sheets, both the correspondence received and the correspondence sent out over the period from 1876 to 1931 are almost completely handed down. Because of Bach's focus on work and research, the theory of strength and elasticity, of which he was a co-founder, he came into contact with various representatives from science and industry. Moreover, Bach was a very socially committed person, which is also reflected in this correspondence. However, the preservation of the tradition is endangered. In particular, the copial books with the outgoing correspondence will only be released for use in exceptional cases. The degree of preservation of the writing material is particularly problematic here. As a rule, the deceased did not use commercially available ink, but mixed it himself in varying compositions, some of which faded very strongly. In addition, the transparent paper of the books is only of little stability. For this reason, the business correspondence in the Bach estate was completely filmed and digitized. Selected documents are recorded on colour film and are available as negatives and positives. The Subdivision of the Estate Carl von Bach's estate is divided into six sections in its provisionally final stage of indexing: I. Biographical material This group includes personal documents, testimonies of his educational and professional career, documents about his military service, honours, vocations, anniversaries and autobiographical records. II. private correspondence This is arranged chronologically according to the members of the family and within them. Of these, the correspondence with his son Julius is the most extensive and certainly also the most interesting, since it contains the discussions of various technical problems that were conducted between the two scientists. III. business correspondence This cannot claim to be complete, but the extent of the overdelivery is impressive. Particularly remarkable is the tradition of the outgoing mail, which is recorded in a total of 35 copial books on approx. 35000 sheets. They cover the period from 1876 to 1903 and from 1909 to his death in 1931. Within these copies the letters are arranged chronologically and for almost each of these books there is a register of names of the addressees, which has been made by the deceased. However, the Kopialbücher also contain copies of incoming letters and various concepts, orders, etc., which Bach probably regarded as particularly important. Also the mail archived in this group is quite remarkable with 18 000 sheets. In total, there are about 2500 correspondents in the group of business correspondence. With regard to the two sections on private and business correspondence, it should be noted that correspondence can also be found outside these sections, in the fact files. IV. Business papers Here you will find the manuscripts of his countless publications, statements and expert opinions on the fields of science covered by Bach, as well as extensive material collections on these questions. His work on material testing, the durability of steam boilers and riveted joints, etc. can be particularly well understood here. Bach himself created firm portfolios in which he collected all possible processes into one subject and then labeled them accordingly. This state of order and distortion was largely adopted during the earlier processing of the estate, without verifying the content in detail. This situation was resolved in 2007. The order by subject has been maintained, but the folders have been repackaged and the file titles have been supplemented with extensive "Contains" notes to facilitate access to this material. In addition, papers from the estate of Julius Bach were added to this section, but these clearly have their origin in Carl Bach. V. Material Collections Various types of material have been summarized here. This concerns e.g. his membership cards, orders, promotional gifts, material samples or also different photos. Sections 4 and 5 have not been rearranged, but have been taken over from the original legator. VI. Non-provenance material Here is the material about the legator that was later added to the estate, such as obituaries or copies of and about Bach from other archives. In the revision of the estate, further material on Carl Bach was added. Of particular note here are the numerous photos of the Carl Bach family, which were made available in digital form for the collection. The inventory signature is the number 302, followed by an indication in Roman numerals and the individually numbered file units (in Arabic numerals). The Roman numerals indicate the six different groups. Example: 302 / III / 0123 Carl von Bach estate estate / business correspondence / foreign correspondence America: Argentina, Chile, Canada, USA Inventory processing The Carl von Bach estate has not yet been finally catalogued. At the beginning of the processing in the 80s a file was created, which was the basis for the input into the database at the end of the 90s. The data was transferred unchanged. A new classification was developed for the estate, according to which the entered units of registration are arranged. New file titles have been created in the Biographical Material, Private and Business Correspondence sections. In 2007, sections IV to VI were finally developed in greater depth. Although most of the titles of the files in the business papers and material collections were originally taken over by the testator, they were supplemented with extensive remarks. The present finding aid book thus represents the most recent state of processing for the time being. Digitisation The correspondence in the estate has been completely filmed and digitised from the film. Due to the state of preservation, the originals are no longer released for use. A high quality silver halide film has been used to secure the existence of the company. As a rule, this part of the estate is used via the electronic data on the PC. The designation of the CD-ROM corresponds to that of the file unit. During scanning, the individual sheets were numbered consecutively. The first part of the file name, however, reflects the file unit. However, the file numbers do not match the page number. 3. state of indexing/scope: indexed; find book, database, digitised material; scope: 40.75 running metres.

Contains: Among other things concerning first probationary sermon: "...in spite of unique sticking, quite favorably judged...", 1900 I 17; - Among other things: "Article about the DC-Fest by Ferd. Brakel in the Kölnische Volkszeitung, 1900 II 28; - Among other things concerning renewed stay in Rome: "...Of all celebrations I am very satisfied, more than 2 years ago...", 1900 IV 15; - Conc. mountain tour, 1900 VI 10; - An Schw. Ursula: "...Your script about Maria Droste delighted and built me tremendously...", 1900 X 28; - Among other things concerning: "...Metzeleien of our troops in China...", 1900 XI 11; - Among other things concerning: "...Being together with Fritzchen Merveldt (d. Brother Franz in Berlin) makes me very happy...", 1900 XI 17; - Toboggan accident, 1900 XII 31.

I. Pact of Four Powers, disarmament, colonial question, cooperation Germany-Italy, April-May 1933 [676 002-676 205], therein:1. telegram ambassador Paris, 08. April 1933: government declaration Daladier concerning Revision questions, Bégery for controlled disarmament with subsequent arms equality, doubts of the French voters about security solely through alliance with the small Entente and Poland, concern about possible isolation;2. Note and Correspondence Foreign Office, Embassy London, 07-10. April 1933: Discussion of Ambassador Hoesch with John Simon and Vansittart on the Four-Power Pact, no fundamental reservations of England against revision ideas despite rejection by Vansittart, British (British) efforts for compromise formula because of presumed resistance France, German (German) negotiations with France only after knowledge of the French memo and Italy's further course of action;3. telegram Embassy Moscow, 08 April 1933: Announcement Litvinow on early conclusion of the Four-Pact and benevolent statement USA;4. Note from the Federal Foreign Office (Bülow) on the report of Italian (Italian) ambassadors, 10 April 1933: Inquiries by Norman Davis concerning the failure of the USA to invite him to participate in the Four-Power Pact, statements by Mussolini about possible American accession after the unification of the European powers;5. Records from Bülow, Correspondence from the Reich Foreign Ministry, Embassy in Rome, 12 April 1933.April 18, 1933: Statement by Mussolini on the French Four-Power Pact draft and suggestion to postpone the disarmament conference until after the conclusion of the Pact; discussion by Mussolini, Papen, Hassell, German concerns and proposals for change, instructions to the embassies of Rome and London, with French version of the draft Four-Power Pact. with cover letter from the German Embassy in Brussels, 14 April 1933;8. Notes by Bülow on a meeting with the French and Italian ambassadors, 19 April 1933: Statement by France and German statement on Mussolini proposals concerning the Four-Power Pact; ignorance of Hitler concerning the French proposal for the German-French assistance pact and its rejection by Blomberg; Italian concern about possible military understanding between Germany and France and the German-Russian (German-Russian) ambassador to Germany; 8. notes by Bülow on the meeting with the French and Italian ambassadors, 19 April 1933: Statement by France and German statement on Mussolini proposals concerning the Four-Power Pact; ignorance of Hitler concerning the French proposal for the German-French assistance pact and its rejection by Blomberg; Italian concern about possible military understanding between Germany and France and the German-Russian (German-Russian) ambassadors of the German-Russian ambassadors; 8.Russian) Relations;9. telegrams Embassy in Rome, Foreign Office, 19 April 1933: Italian insistence on Hitler's decision concerning further negotiations between Italy and France and England on the Four Pact at a meeting with Papen, Hassell, Suvich, Aloisi; recommendation for an accelerated conclusion due to the isolation of Germany; German colonial wishes; points from the German minimum demand;10. telegrams to the Embassy in Rome, Federal Foreign Office, 19 April 1933: Italian pressure for a decision by Hitler on the Four Pact; recommendation for an accelerated conclusion due to the isolation of Germany; German colonial wishes; points from the German minimum demand;10. Federal Foreign Office, Telegram Bülow, 20-21 April 1933: Discussion Papen, Bülow, Gaus on negotiations in Rome; formulations and draft pacts; intention of Hitler to consult Papen and Blomberg; approval of the drafts with minor changes;11. Correspondence, Embassy London, Foreign Office, 20-25 April 1933: Instructions to the English Embassy Berlin for discussion with the Foreign Ministry on Art. 19 of the League of Nations Statute in relation to the Four-Party Pact; clarification of German wishes regarding the handling of revision issues by four powers, also outside the League of Nations; 12th Circular, Foreign Office, to embassies and missions, 20 April 1933: Development of negotiations on the Four-Power Pact; assessment of draft texts, with development and memos, partly in French, German, English, French and Italian, English, and German counterproposals;13. telegram Embassy Rome, April 20, 1933: Statements by Mussolini on the German-Italian. Cooperation in the Danube Region, Colonial Question, League of Nations Policy, Relations with Austria; Advice from Mussolini to Dollfuss and Billigg, no official approval of the position by Hitler yet;14. Federal Foreign Office (Bülow) to Embassy London, 28. April 1933: Information and instructions on the new version of the Four-Power Pact; state of negotiations; Hitler's approval of the German position; instructions to the German Embassy in Paris, with annexes; 15th telegram from the Embassy in Rome, Foreign Office, 21-22 April 1933: Preparation of a "gentlemen's agreement" with the Italian Embassy in Paris, with annexes; 15th telegram from the Embassy in Rome, Foreign Office, 21-22 April 1933: Preparation of a "gentlemen's agreement" with the Italian Embassy in Paris, with annexes to the "Agreement". Government concerning colonies; Aliosi statement on German requests for change, in particular dates of rearmament;16. Records Foreign Office, telegram Embassy Paris, 24-27 April 1933: German proposals handed over to Daladier; no French presumption yet concerning German intention to create an institution of signatories outside the League of Nations, discussion with Francois-Poncet on draft pacts, interest Foreign Office for German rearmamentFrench Assistance Pact;17. telegrams German delegation Geneva, Foreign Office, 27 April 1933: False report Reichswehr Ministry on final rejection of German equality in arms matters by France and England; concerns Francois-Poncet against German disarmament proposals;18. Telegramme Embassy London, 27 April 1933 and 01 May 1933: Statement by John Simon on German amendments to the Four Pact and the French position; concerns about German armament after 5 years; discussion with Ambassador Grandi, Hoesch on the inclusion of the French draft in Rome and Italian. Negotiations with France and Germany;19. telegram Embassy Rome, Foreign Office, 02.-05. May 1933: Communication Suvich concerning negotiations with British and French ambassadors on the Four Pact; most important changes compared to French text; compromise proposal Reich Foreign Ministry on arms claim and general observations Neurath on the Pact;20. telegram Embassy Paris, 05. May 1933: Communication Suvich concerning negotiations with British and French ambassadors on the Four Pact; most important changes compared to French text; compromise proposal Reich Foreign Ministry on arms claim and general observations Neurath on the Pact;20. telegram Embassy Paris, 05. May 1933: Communication Suvich on the Pact. May 1933: Quotes from Senate Speech by Foreign Minister Paul-Boncourt; concern about the Austrian loan because of uncertainty about the political situation; prevention of a block formation in Europe through cooperation with Italy and the Four Pact within the framework of the League of Nations; statement on secret armament in Germany; II. Foreign Office: Mussolini Pact, May-September 1933; original version of the Four-Power Pact Mussolini, London and Paris versions; memo of the French government, German proposals; reports, in part English, french [Original file vol. 2] [676 206-676 644]; therein:1. German Embassy Ankara, 06. May 1933: no striving of Italy for alliance with Greece, Turkey and Bulgaria; cooling of the Turkish-Italian relations because of four power pact and debt question;2. Note from the Federal Foreign Office (Bülow), Telegrams from the embassies in Rome and London, 10-13 May 1933: Mussolini's negotiations with France and England on the basis of German proposals on the Four Pact; Mussolini's remarks on revision, corridor question, German version of the text.russian Treaty; Suvich's doubts about armament; Vansittart's appreciation of German concessions; negotiations discontinued on Italian agreement. Wunsch, mit Pakten dra drafts;3. telegram message London, 16. May 1933: consternation about Papen speech; tense expectation of the rally Hitler; no official British statement about sanctions, aversion of England against involvement in possibly continental war;4. note and note Reichsaußenministerium, Auswärtiges Amt an Blomberg u.a., 16.-20. May 1933: statement to ital. Compromise proposals for four pacts, especially arms issues; Göring inquires from Rome about pact negotiations; Neurath approves limitation of pact to five years; 5. notes by Reich Foreign Minister and Bülow, telegram from Embassy in Rome, 21-22. May 1933: Fundamental agreement Göring-Mussolini on new version of the Four-Party Pact, discussion of contentious points by Hassell and Suvich, reservations of the Federal Foreign Office against new draft, discussion Neurath, Göring on Roman negotiations, including Austrian question;6. Aufzeichnungen Auswärtiges Amt (Neurath, Bülow), May 24, 1933: Discussion with Hitler, Papen, and others, on the Four-Power Pact, Hitler advocates approval after the Abandonment Conference, Bülow's statement on British allegations concerning Mussolini's relationship to the Pact and enquiry about the German Pact for the Promotion of the Rights of the Child, and the German Pact for the Promotion of the Rights of the Child.Austrian tensions;7. telegram message Paris to Federal Foreign Office, press department, 24. May 1933: press reports about planned England journey Göring, Viermächtepakt and German emigrants;8. records Federal Foreign Office, telegrams legation Athens, message Rome among other things, 25.-28. May 1933: Resistance of the small Entente and Poland against Viermächtepakt, attitude France, England, Greece to the pact conclusion, German - Italian. Disagreement over time of initialling, with ital. Draft;9th WTB report, telegrams from the Federal Foreign Office to embassies in Rome, London, Paris, 28-29 May 1933: 'Matin' report on planned French guarantee concerning maintenance of contracts with allies and French politics after conclusion of the Four Power Pact, statement by the Reich Foreign Ministry;10th records from the Federal Foreign Office (Neurath, Bülow) about meetings with Hitler, Blomberg and others, 29 May-01 June 1933: Hitler's approval of the Quad Pact subject to Mussolini's declaration concerning the tragweite of part of the Equality Clause; approval of initialling of the Pact;11 May-01 June 1933: WTB Message, telegrams German delegation Geneva, embassies Paris, Rome, 29-31 May 1933: Hitler's approval of the Quad Pact subject to Mussolini's declaration concerning the tragweite of part of the Equality Clause; consent to initialling of the Pact;11 May-01 June 1933: Hitler's approval of the Quad Pact; 11 May 1933: Hitler's approval of the Pact; 11 May 1933: Hitler's approval of the Pact; 11 May 1933: Hitler's approval of the Pact; 11 May 1933: Hitler's approval of the Pact. May 1933: Initialling; statement of the French press, Mussolini doubts special French guarantee for allies, distribution of the alleged wording of the pact by British United Press;12. Bülow submissions, Federal Foreign Office records, telegrams to embassies in Rome, Paris, etc.., 31 May-07 June 1933: Tug-of-war over final editing of the Four Power Pact, Daladier declaration on agreement, fears of possible Polish attempts to form an Eastern bloc, Leger denial of a special French guarantee to allies, with drafts, reports on Times articles concerning Anschluss Austria;13. Secret submission from the Foreign Office (Bülow) about the content of the Mussolini message to Hitler, 01 June 1933: Endangerment of the Four Powers Pact by German resistance against Article 2 and German desire concerning disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, appeal to confidence in Hitler in support by Italy, speculation about French disarmament, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament talks at an earlier point in time, German disarmament at an earlier point in time, German disarmament at an earlier point in time, German disarmament at an earlier point in time, French disarmament. Statements to allies, instructions Mussolini to Ambassador Cerruti concerning lecture at Hitler;14. Records Foreign Office (Köpke) about long-distance call with Göring, 03. June 1933: Information about announced conference Daladier, Davis, Londonderry in Paris, brit. Attempts to influence France for concessions to Germany in disarmament matter;15. handwritten note Reichsaußenministerium, 07 June 1933: Adoption of the Four Powers Pact by Hitler, order by Hitler to authorize Ambassador Hassell to sign, information of the Italian Foreign Ministry, and the German Foreign Ministry's decision to accept the Pact. Ambassador and Instructions Hassell;16. Awards Federal Foreign Office (Hassell), Telegram Embassy Rome, 08 June 1933: Announcement of the conclusion of the Four Pact by Mussolini with emphasis on the question of revision and German equality of armament, Reactions of the Italian Federal Foreign Office (Hassell), Telegram Embassy Rome, 08 June 1933: Announcement of the Four Pact Agreement by Mussolini with emphasis on the question of revision and German equality of armaments, Reactions of the Italian Federal Foreign Office (Hassell), 16. Senate, Romania's satisfaction with German recognition of the League of Nations, Locarno Pact;17. Records Federal Foreign Office (Bülow), Telegram Reich Foreign Ministry, Embassies of Rome, Paris, 09-15 June 1933: Exchange of Notes Paul-Boncourt, Ambassador Osusky on the interpretation of the Four-Party Pact in matters of revision and maintenance of the closest French- German law; 17.Czechoslovak cooperation, similar notes to Poland and others, statement by Mussolini, Neurath and others, no signing of the pact before clarification of the French position;18. Telegrams Embassies Rome, Paris, 09-11 June 1933: Meeting Mussolini, Hassell concerning the settlement of disarmament issues or freedom of rearmament for Germany after signing of the Four-Party Pact; Italian: "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union and the European Union"; "The European Union; "The European Union and the European Union". Press; Chamber Speech Daladier, Background;19. Telegram Embassy Washington, 12. and 15. June 1933: Reactions of the USA to the Four Power Pact, Philipp's Statement on the French Interpretation of the Pact, Formal American Objections to French Proceedings;20. Vorlagen Auswärtiges Amt (Bülow), Embassy Rome, 13.-26. June 1933: Recommendations and Negotiations Mussolini, Neurath et al. concerning Response to the French Pact, 12. and 15. June 1933: The USA's Reactions to the Four Power Pact, Philipp's Statement on the French Interpretation of the Pact, Formal American Objections to French Proceedings;20. Note to small Entente and Poland, Neurath order on further action, instructions to Ambassador Hassell on handing over protocol and oral statement to Mussolini, with text of note;21. Telegrams Foreign Ministry, Embassy Paris, 16 Juni-05. July 1933: Suvich about meeting Hitler-Mussolini and plans Mussolini, reports of the french press and statement french government about possible pronunciation Daladier-Mussolini, thought french government circles about personal contact Daladier-Hitler;22. records Reich Foreign Ministry about meeting with ital. Ambassador, 30 June 1933: Hope Mussolini for early signing of the Four Pact and meeting of heads of government to discuss arms issues, proposal Neurath to the German-Italian. Feelings concerning subjects of consultation;23. Telegrams Papen, Embassy Rome, 30 June and 04 July 1933: Assurance to Mussolini on behalf of Hitler about disinterest in annexation of Austria because of German-Italian border. Relations, statements by Mussolini about alleged reorganization of the Danube region, economic cooperation with Germany in Southeastern Europe and Italian-French understanding, insistence on conclusion of Concordat;24. Records from the Foreign Office, WTB report, telegrams from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, embassies in Rome, Paris, 11-17 July 1933: Approval of Italian agreement. Note verbale to England and France concerning protest against French guarantee for allies, signature of Four Power Pact, Paul-Boncourt meeting with Ambassador Jouvenel and interview on Pact, with congratulatory messages from heads of government;25. Records Foreign Office, Telegrams Embassy Rome, 11 July-08 September 1933: Statement ital. Government to treaty negotiations with USSR, Russian disgruntlement because of German action against Jews and Communists, statement by Foreign Minister Tewfik Ruschdy on Turkish Ostpolitik, benevolent assessment Russian-Italian. Agreement by Bülow;III. Foreign Office, Office of the Reich Minister: Federalism, September 1920-October 1923 [Original file volume 2] [676 645-676 810], therein:1. record Simon [excerpt], 20. September 1920: reference Greek legation to attempts emanating from Bavaria to found a monarchistic triple alliance Bavaria-Austria-Hungary, trust Simon in Kahr's adherence to Reich unity, surveillance of separatist efforts;2. Foreign Office memo on meeting with English chargé d'affaires, 23 September 1920: Expectation of a monarchist coup in Bavaria, Landesschießen 25 September 1920, attempts by Lincoln Trebitsch to reconcile with England;3. Foreign Office memo on conversation with Gesandtem Naumann, 29 January [September?] 1920: The situation in Poland worsens, Russian troops march up. Troops at the Lithuanian border, monarchist agitation in Bavaria with connections to Austria, Hungary, France, Belgium, unclear role of Erzbergers, Naumann report on Reichstreue Kahr;4. Correspondence Simon, German Embassy Bern (Müller), 17th and 29th century, German Embassy Bern (Müller), 17th and 29th century, German Embassy Bern (Müller), 17th and 29th century, German Embassy Bern (Müller), 17th century, 17th century, 17th century. September 1920: Application of the Hungarian imperial crown to Karl von Habsburg by former minister Benitzky on behalf of Horthy; conditions of Hungary and Habsburg, preparation of Karl von Habsburg's illegal journey through Austria, risk due to Wissen Renner, refusal of restoration by small Entente;5th Reich Chancellery Fehrenbach to Reich Foreign Minister Simons, 29. September 1920: Kahr's energetic position against the dissolution of the local defence forces at a meeting in Munich; wishes of the Bavarian government regarding diplomatic representation of the Reich; endorsement of the appointment of Zech as envoy in Munich by Reich Minister of the Interior Koch (with attached letter Koch to Fehrenbach of 28 September 1920). September);6th Report, [without author], 08 October 1920: Strength and Armament of the Resident Armed Forces in Munich and Bavaria; Relationship between the Resident Armed Forces and Jews; Cessation of the Resident Armed Forces to Prussia, Echerich, and Epp;7th Report German Embassy Rome, 11 October 1920, [without author]. October 1920: Alleged intention of the Bavarian government to send an envoy to Naples;8. Aufzeichnungen Auswärtiges Amt, 16. October 1920: Discussion with Bavarian envoy Preger concerning inhabitant questions and representatives of the Reich government in Munich;9. report, [without author], [1920]: Monarchistic and separatist efforts of the organization Escherich; anchoring of the organization Escherich in Carinthia, Tyrol, and Styria with connection to Hungary; proposal for listening posts in Munich to monitor these efforts;10. Report, [without author], [1920]: Influence of Police President Pöhner and Peasant Leader Heim on Kahr; Cooperation of Pöhner with Escherich and Ludendorff Group; Anti-Semitic agitation and riots of the NSDAP presumably under Aegide Pöhner;11. Report Prussian Legation in Munich, 01. November 1920: Statement on the record [Naumann] of "Bavarian personalities", including Kahr, Escherich, Pöhner, Heim, Faulhaber, member of the royal family, recommendations for the defence against French and separatist efforts by setting up envoys of the Reich government with South German governments; 12th report Künzelmann, correspondence C. Bosch, Reich Foreign Ministry, 25-27 October 1920: The French envoy in Bavaria is misled by Wittelsbach agents; the former royal family's hopes for restoration and acquisition of Tyrol and Salzburg with France's help; the French attitude towards Bavaria is changed; the House of Habsburg is supported by France;13. Mitteilungen aus München, [ohne Verfasser], Korrespondenz Stresemann, Simons, 27. October-09 November 1920: Wishes of the Bayerische Volkspartei (BVP) concerning the form of government, the establishment of envoys and the annexation of Austria; Kahr's accession to the BVP; particularist tendencies; aims and equipment of the local defence forces; warning of the dissolution of the EWW and a left-wing Reich government; statement by Simon; 14th Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung, 10th issue of the German Allgemeine Zeitung. November 1920: Transmission of a report by the Württemberg central organ "Deutsches Volksblatt" on the decision of the Entente to carry out the occupation of the Ruhr in the event of further non-delivery of military weapons and maintenance of the local defence forces in Bavaria;15th Bavarian Minister President Kahr to Simons, 22 November 1920: Preparation of Kahr's trip to Berlin to discuss questions from the local defence forces (with note from the Foreign Office);16th Confidential Correspondence Stockhammern, Simons, 07. and December 15, 1920: Discussion of Nuntius Pacelli, Italian Ambassador de Martino and Stockhammer in Munich on Bavaria's separatist efforts; wishes of the Italian government to maintain German unity; Nuntius's evasive statement on Martino's questions regarding the curia's attitude to separatism; 17th submission of Nuremberg City Council to Reich President, Correspondence Office of the Reich President, Board of Nuremberg City Council, December 30, 1920-07. January 1921: Appeal against the new order of the State Commissioners concerning the obligation to approve assemblies and against the continued existence of the 1919 Ordinance on the Restriction of Freedom of Assembly; recognition of the unconstitutionality of the Ordinance by the President of the Reich;18. Rechberg an Stresemann [excerpt], [28. December 1920]: Urgent warning against French proposals to maintain the Resident's Defences after Bavarian annexation of France; determination of Bavaria to take an uncompromising stance on questions of the Resident's Defences and disappointment at insufficient support by the Reich government;19. December 1921 on the establishment of this legation;21. report representative of the Reich government in Munich, letter Zech to the Foreign Office, 30 January-31 March 1922: statement on reports on relations between Bavaria and Austrian Alpine countries; no promise Kahr regarding the deployment of auxiliary troops to Salzburg; local support in political unrest in the border region; reference to statements of the BVP organ "Regensburger Anzeiger" on Mauracher;22. report by Zech to the Foreign Office, 30 January-31 March 1922: statement on relations between Bavaria and Austrian Alpine countries; no promise Kahr regarding the deployment of auxiliary troops to Salzburg; reference to statements of the BVP organ "Regensburger Anzeiger" on Mauracher;23. Comment [Minister Zech] to report to the Passport Office Salzburg an Auswärtiges Amt, [1922]: Practices, reasons and aims of Bavarian particularism; hope for the annexation especially of Tyrol and Salzburg; acute danger of separatism only in case of possible revolution in Berlin, occupation of the Ruhr and the like; financing of the separatists presumably by France; distrust of the legal circles against "Bund Oberland" because of its loyalty to the Reich;23. Note Auswärtiges Amt on WTB report no. 1402 of 20 July 1922: Attitude of the Reich representative in Munich in high treason matter Count Leoprechting; vote of no confidence and Bavarian desire for recall Zech;24th report German Embassy Paris, 02 August 1922: Statement [Peretti] on the German declaration concerning exclusion of the public in the high treason trial Leoprechting in Munich and witness statements on support for Leoprechting by French envoy Dard;25th secret report German Embassy Paris, 10th report August 1922: Rumours concerning Paris negotiations with Crown Prince Rupprecht about restoration of the Wittelsbach dynasty, separation of Bavaria from the Reich and merger with Austrian disclosure of information through correspondence in the Chicago Daily News about France's presumed interest in Rupprecht's proposals;26. Note from the Federal Foreign Office, [without date]: Programme speech by the Bavarian Prime Minister Knilling on 9 November 1922 (Frankfurter Zeitung No. 805 of 10 November 1922);27. Confidential notes [Rosenberg], ]9 January 1923]: Statements by the Austrian envoy on Bavarian loyalty to the Reich from "Kahr to Knilling"; danger to the unity of the Reich in the event of possible weakness against French influences;28. Reports Reichsvertreter in Munich, [16.]-17. January 1923: Concern of Bavarian party circles about a possible NSDAP coup on the occasion of the consecration of the flag on 20 January; Kahr's belief in Hitler's rejection of such actions; statement by the Bavarian envoy Preger and his intention to warn Kahr of the consequences of a Nazi coup;29. Report German Embassy London, January 18, 1923: Berlin warning to secretary of the Anglo-Jewish Association against a planned pogrom in Bavaria, taking advantage of the excitement about the occupation of the Ruhr; support of the movement with French money; request for energetic intervention by the Reich government and warnings from the German press for prudence;30. Records and telegram from the Federal Foreign Office, Reichsvertreter reports in Munich, 21 January 1923: Bavarian envoy Preger reports on steps taken by the Reich government to recall the French envoy in Munich and on the trip of the Bavarian Minister of the Interior to Berlin; no mobilization of the press against envoy Dard; Kahr doubts NS program plans in Munich;31. Rundtelegramm Auswärtiges Amt an diplomatische Vertreter, 21. January 1923: Protests against the Ruhr occupation in Munich; mass meetings of the SPD; resolution of the Reich government to maintain German unity; press reports on dwindling influence of Hitler because of disapproval of his overthrow propaganda;32. WTB-Meldung Nr. 194 vom 24. January 1923: Protection of the French envoy in Munich by the Bavarian government while refusing responsibility for his security; Renewed demand for Dard's dismissal;33. Reports by the German Embassy in Paris and Reichsvertreter in Munich, Telegramm Auswärtiges Amt, 26 January-03 February 1923: International law concerns of Ambassador Hoesch against the conduct of the Bavarian government and France's action in the case of Ambassador Dard; note by the Reich government regarding the renewed demand for Dard's recall and possible threat of delivery of the passports to Dard; statement by France and protest against the boycott of the French embassy personnel in Munich;34. Report by representatives of the Reich government in Munich, January 27, 1923: Concern Kahr about the mass march of the legal associations and presumed counter-demonstrations; ban on assembly and proclamation of the state of emergency; threats by Hitler; uncertainty about the conduct of the Reich Armed Forces; confession of Reich unity by Münchner Neuester Nachrichten and "Münchner-Augsburger Abendzeitung"; 35th note by the Foreign Office concerning the telegram [Haniel], January 05, 1923. February 1923: Rumors in Munich about alleged agreements between Bavaria and East Prussia against simultaneous defeat under Bavarian leadership; warning against "warlike tones" in planned Reich Chancellor speech;26th Report German Embassy Washington, 20. February 1923: Introduction of Count Lerchenfeld by President Harding; disapproval of the French occupation of the Ruhr by the US government; disappointment in the State Department at the low echo of the Hitler movement because of the possible development of Hitler into a "kind of Mussolini" and the elimination of socialism in Germany;37. Report by representatives of the Reich government in Munich, 13 April 1923: No confirmation of the rumours of an imminent coup by the national associations; slight danger due to disagreement between the associations and general mood; possible change of direction in the event of a left-wing Reich government or concessions in the Ruhr question;38. Haniel an Rosenberg, May 7, 1923: Statement of the Bavarian Prime Minister von Knilling on the possible entry of the Social Democrats into the Reich government; impossibility of the two-front struggle against Hitler and the Socialist government; dismissal of the Bavarian envoy in Berlin if Breitscheid is appointed Reich Foreign Minister;39. Note from the Federal Foreign Office, [06] June 1923: Mitteilungen [Iversen] aus Füssen concerning the occupation of the Ruhr, use of the Ruhr donation, forthcoming appointment of Kahr as president of Bavaria and Kahr's advance against the state court; 40th report from the German Embassy in Paris, 13 July 1923: passing on a Havas report on the high treason trial against Fuchs and Others, and the role of the French commander Richler; 41st report from the German Embassy in Paris, [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Mitteilungen [06] June 1923: [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Report from the German Embassy in Paris, [06] July 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06] June 1923: Iversen, [06]. Report Representative of the Reich Government in Munich, July 16, 1923: Demarche of the French businessman Pozzi because of inscriptions on pubs concerning prohibition of access for French and Belgians; no legal means for the government to intervene; threats Pozzi with reprisals and other French complaints;42. Report by the German Embassy in Bern, 31 July 1923: Belgian royal couple approves the latest plan for the restoration of the Wittelsbach family; Brüske rejection by Poincaré; French-Belgian differences on the question of reparations;43. Exchange of Notes Bayerischer Gesandter Berlin, Reichskanzlei, 14-19 September 1923: Statement by Bavaria on Statements by the Reich Chancellor in the Foreign Affairs Committee; Warning of Negotiations on the Rhineland and Ruhr because of French Intentions; No Surrender of German Territories by the Reich Government; Proposals to France, England and Others concerning the Solution of the Ruhr Question; Determination of the Reich Government to Proceed Against Unconstitutional Currents;44. von Schubert to former Reichsminister Schiffe, 22 September 1923: Letter Vietinghoff of 12 September 1923 on German success in The Hague concerning the Polish colonist question and Bavaria's attitude in the event of the Reich's government yielding to the Allies;45. Records [Reich Foreign Ministry] of a meeting with French embassy on 27 September 1923 September 1923: The Reich government abandons passive resistance; no authorization from the Margerie to make statements about French compensations; demonstrations in Bavaria because of German "capitulation"; nationalist tendencies of the communists; intransigence of the French press;46. Report German Embassy Washington, September 29, 1923: "Washington Post" on the advantages of a Bavarian monarchy and the smashing of Germany (quotation, English);47th note from the Foreign Office on the intercession of Haniel from Munich on September 29, 1923: Instruction Kahr to public prosecutors and police to suspend the enforcement of the Republic Protection Act; consequences of the high treason proceedings against the executive committee of the Bavarian Federation of Transport Officials and prohibition of the "Ethnic Observer"; warning Haniel against a test of strength with Bavaria;48. Motion by Koenen and his comrades in the Reichstag, 02 October 1923: Immediate repeal of the so-called strike regulation in Bavaria because it favored a monarchist overthrow and Bavaria's separation from the Reich;49th report by the German Embassy in Rome, 04 October 1923: Tendentious reports by the Italian press and the Havas agency on the powerlessness of the Reich government against Bavaria; disloyalty to Kahr, proposals for better information from abroad;50th report by the German Embassy in Rome, 04 October 1923: Tendentious reports by the Italian press and the Havas agency on the powerlessness of the Reich government against Bavaria; disloyalty to Kahr, proposals for better information from abroad. Report German Embassy Paris, October 4, 1923: Meeting with French politician Rey; France's thoughts on the creation of an independent Rhine republic promoted by the strengthening of the separatist movement; Poincaré's presumed intention to delay the reparations problem until after the French elections; recognition of the British demands by France; including:Supplementary information on the site of the find:Albert (see above structure: III.3, 6649-6652), (III.42, 6793); Allizé (III.11, 6675-6688; 6693-6697); Aloisi (I.5), (I.17, 6169-6172); (II.1, 6267, (II.8, 6350-6379), (II.7), (II.20)Bensch (II.2); Blomberg (II.6, 6340-6342), (II.12); Borah (I.4, 6019-6020); Bothmer (III.3, 6649-6652); Bülow (I.17, 6169-6172), (II.8, 6350-6379), (II.14, 6446-6447)Cerruti (I.8, (6075-6082), (II.5, 6329-6339), (II.8, 6350-6379), (II.10, 6390, 6401-6402), (II.20), (II.22, 6611), (II.25, 6628-6632, 6644); Cuno (III.37, 6784-6785)Daladier (II.2), (II.24, 6623-6627); Dard (III.12, 6689-6692), (III.11, 6675-688, 6693-6697), (III.18, 6729-6730); Davis (I.3, 6017), (I.8, 60075-6082), (II.3, 6311-6313); Dollfuss (II.12)Ebert (III.17, 6725-6728); Escherich (III.3, 6649-6652), (III.13, 6701-6708), (III.11, 6675-6688, 6693-6697)Other provenances:National Archives Washington DC, Guide 0, S.26, T 120, roll 1605.

History of the Inventory Designer: Founded in 1933, since 1934 as a public corporation of the Reich subject to the supervision of Reichsju‧stizministers and Reich Minister of the Interior, responsible for the promotion and Ver‧wirklichung of the "National Socialist Program in the Entire Field of Law" Long Text: Founding and Legal Foundations The Academy for German Law was constituted on 26 March 1933. The constituent meeting was attended by the Reich Secretary of the Federation of National Socialist German Lawyers Dr. Heuber, Professors Dr. Wilhelm Kisch and Dr. von Zwiedineck-Südenhorst, the General Director of the Munich Reinsurance Company Kißkalt, two representatives of the business community and the future Director Dr. Karl Lasch. On 22 September 1933 a Bavarian law was passed (Bayerisches Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt No. 37, p. 277), the only article of which granted the Academy the status of a public corporation. The articles of association were attached as an annex, according to which the provisional seat was to be Munich and which outlined the tasks of the new corporation as follows: By "applying proven scientific methods" it should "promote the reform of German legal life (...) and implement the National Socialist programme in the entire field of law and economics (...) in close and permanent liaison with the bodies responsible for legislation". In detail, her sphere of activity included cooperation in drafting laws, in the reform of legal and political science education, in scientific publications and the financial support of practical scientific work for the research of special fields of law and economics, the organisation of scientific conferences and teaching courses as well as the cultivation of relations with similar institutions abroad. The office of the Führer of the Academy was to be held in personal union by the head of the Reichsrechtsamt of the NSDAP; he was responsible for the external representation of the ADR, its internal management, all personnel decisions and the decision on amendments to the statutes as well as the dissolution in agreement with the Führer of the NSDAP. As auxiliary organs a deputy, a leader staff and a treasurer as well as the department heads of the specialized departments to be created were intended. The Bavarian State Ministry of Justice should be responsible for supervision. The members of the Academy, whose number should not exceed two hundred, were to be appointed for four years; ordinary, extraordinary, sponsoring and corresponding members were distinguished. At the first German Lawyers' Day in Leipzig, the establishment of the Academy for German Law was solemnly proclaimed on 2 October 1933. This already showed that Frank was striving to turn the Academy into an institution of the Reich, which would give him the opportunity to influence the Gleichschaltung der Justitz in the Länder even after he had completed his work as Reich Commissioner for the Unification of the Justitz. On 18 June 1934, the draft of a law on the Academy for German Law was sent to the head of the Reich Chancellery for submission to the cabinet (BA, R 43 II/1509). The Reich Minister of Justice agreed after it had been clarified that the Academy should receive its own funds and not burden the Reich, the Länder or the communities. At the request of the Reich Ministry of the Interior, the draft was amended to provide for joint supervision of the Academy by the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Reich Ministry of the Interior. After adoption in the cabinet meeting of 3 July 1934, the law was passed on 11 July 1934 (RGBl. I. S. 605), with which the Academy for German Law became the public corporation of the Reich; a new statute was attached. With this law, the Academy's tasks changed only to the extent that the responsibility for the reorganization of German legal life in the field of business ceased to exist. The headquarters remained in Munich. The Führer of the Academy became an honorary president, whose appointment was made by the Reich Chancellor. The binding of the office to the management of the Reichsrechtsamt of the NSDAP ceased. As an organ of the Academy, in addition to the President, a Presidium also provided support and advice. The maximum number of members was set at 300. Committees were set up to carry out the practical work of the Academy. The law of 11 July 1934 was not amended until 1945. In November 1934 a change was planned, which provided for a salary for the president according to the regulations for Reich officials. However, the draft was removed from the agenda of the cabinet meeting of 4 December 1934 (BA, R 22/198, R 43 II/1509) on Hitler's instructions. On the other hand, two amendments were made to the statutes, first on 16 October 1935 (RGBl. I. p. 1250). It provided that, in the event of the dissolution of the Academy, its assets would fall to the Reich, due to the taking up of a high mortgage, which the Academy had taken up to expand its Berlin house. More serious in its significance was the second amendment of 9 June 1943 (Reichs- und Staatsanzeiger of 9 June 1943). It was initiated by the new President, Reich Minister of Justice Dr. Otto Thierack. He prohibited the acceptance of private donations for the Academy and abolished the office of treasurer. The new constitution submitted to the Reich Ministry of Justice by the director of the Academy Gaeb on 10 December 1942 was to take this into account and at the same time streamline the provisions (BA, R 22/199). After consultations in the participating Reich ministries, the new constitution was finally formulated in a meeting on 8 June 1943 between representatives of the Reich Ministry of Justice, the Reich Ministry of the Interior and the Academy, signed on 9 July 1943 and published on the same day. In addition to the abolition of the office of treasurer and the institution of supporting members, the main changes were the inclusion of provisions on the President's auxiliary organs and the scientific structure of the Academy, which had previously been included in the structure regulations and the administrative regulations, as well as in a clear arrangement. The aforementioned Aufbauordnung had been issued on 15 December 1936 as an order of the President concerning the reorganization of the scientific work of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht (Zeitschrift der Akademie für Deutsches Recht 1937, p. 23). It defined the structure of the scientific apparatus of the Academy. The first of these, the Honorary Senate, was of little importance, while the other two, the Department of Legal Policy for Legal Policy and the Department of Legal Research for Scientific Research, were of decisive importance. It also dealt with the future centre of the Academy, the "House of German Law", for which the foundation stone had been laid a few months earlier and which was to house the research and educational facilities of the Academy. On April 1, 1937, the President had supplemented and extended the Academy's administrative regulations (Zeitschrift der ADR, p. 405f.) by enacting them, which outlined in more detail the tasks of the individual organs, namely the treasurer and the director, who were responsible for the financial and general administration of the Academy, the director of scientific and legal policy work, the committee chairmen, and the class secretaries entrusted with the direction of the classes. Eight administrative units were also listed, one each for the Legal and Legal Research, Personnel and Legal Office, Organisation, Libraries, Periodicals and Press, International Transport and Cash and Accounting departments. After the amendment of the statutes of 9 June 1943, on 10 June 1943 there was also an amendment to the administrative regulations (Zeitschrift der ADR 1943, p. 37f.), in which the provisions on the treasurer's office were completely omitted and the explanations on the administration were greatly shortened. The extensive information on the administrative departments has been replaced by brief information on the division of units, which has existed for a long time. Organisation and staffing The President of the Academy possessed extensive powers - apart from his ties to the supervisory ministries. His appointment by Hitler and the honorary position, which presupposed a further office securing its holder financially, could give him weight vis-à-vis the authorities and party offices. Its founder, Dr. Hans Frank, was appointed the first President on August 1, 1934. In his memoirs "In the Face of the Gallows" he confesses that the Academy was to be an important means of shaping law for him, especially since the Reichsrechtsamt, of which he had been head since 1929 and which secured him a place in the highest party hierarchy, lost more and more of its importance in the period after the assumption of power, and the NS-Rechtswahrerbund, of which he had held the leadership since 1928, offered only little scope for influencing legislation. Frank's ideas were acknowledged when, after his assignment as Reich Commissioner for the Gleichschaltung der Justiz in den Ländern had ended, he was dismissed by Hitler on 19 March. In the letter of appointment, the Akademie für Deutsches Recht was described as an institution which enabled him "to participate in the implementation of the National Socialist ideology in all areas of law without restriction to the judiciary in the narrower sense", i.e. an expansion of the scope of duties beyond the framework of law-making into the other areas of legal life, which in this form emanating from Hitler represented an important expansion of power. Frank could thus see himself in possession of a kind of special ministry for National Socialist legal formation in competition with Gürtner's Reich Ministry of Justice. In the years up to 1939, Frank, whose ministerial office moved from his first residence at Voßstraße 5 in Berlin to the Berlin building of the Academy at Leipziger Platz 15 on July 3, 1935, remained closely involved with the work of the Academy and legal policy. His attempt in 1939 to free himself from the annoying supervision of the Reich Ministry of Justice and the Reich Ministry of the Interior, which made him dependent on Gürtner and Frick above all with regard to possible changes to the statutes, but also in financial matters, and to subordinate the Academy to his supervision as minister remained unsuccessful (BA, R 2/24103). Frank's presidency ended in August 1942, after his appointment as Governor General in Poland on 12 October 1939, when business had been conducted practically by the Deputy President. Hitler released Frank from his office as President of the Academy with a deed of August 20. It was not true, however, when Frank told his deputy Professor Emge that the reason for the dismissal was the "overcrowded and ever increasing burden" of his duties in the Generalgouvernement. On the contrary, Frank had aroused Hitler's displeasure because between 9 June and 21 July 1942 he had defended law, judicial independence, personal freedom and humanity against the police state in four speeches at the universities of Berlin, Munich and Heidelberg as well as at the Academy of Sciences in Vienna (cf. H. Weinkauff, Die deutsche Justitz und der Nationalsozialismus, 1968, p. 74, 161f.) This solo effort, which was directed primarily against Himmler and Bormann, also led to a ban on speaking and the loss of his position as Reichsrechtsführer and head of the Reichsrechtsamt, which was dissolved. This also involved a change in the office of deputy president, which had to be appointed by the president according to the statutes of 1934 and confirmed by both supervisory ministries. Frank had been represented since 1937 by Dr. Carl Emge, Professor of Philosophy of Law at the University of Berlin, after the Vice-President Privy Councillor Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Kisch, Professor of Civil Procedure and German Civil Law at the University of Munich, who had been appointed in 1933, had resigned for health reasons from his office. Emges was replaced in November 1942 by the State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Justice, Dr. Rothenberger. Whether after Rothenberger's dismissal (January 1944) his successor, Herbert Klemm, was also appointed deputy president of the academy after Rothenberger's dismissal as state secretary cannot be determined. The second organ of the Academy, besides the President, was the Presidium. Emerging from the Führerrat of the Academy provided for in the 1933 Law, it had the task of supporting and advising the President, determining the budget and carrying out the preliminary audit of the budget account. According to the administrative regulations issued in 1937, the president, his deputy, the treasurer and the head of the scientific and legal-political work belonged to him by virtue of office. For this purpose, the President could appoint further members of the Academy to the Presidium, which should meet at least once a year. In accordance with the new administrative regulations of 10 June 1943, the Reich Ministers of Justice and Home Affairs joined as new permanent members. The Reich Minister and head of the Reich Chancellery Lammers also belonged to the Presidium. The actual work of the Academy in the fields of legal policy and legal research was directed by the Head of Scientific and Legal Policy Work, who was appointed by the President from among the members and who gave guidelines and assigned tasks to the Legal Structuring and Research Departments. This office, which was particularly important for the work of the Academy after the strong use of Frank by his tasks in the Generalgouvernement, was initially held by State Secretary Freisler, later by the Deputy President. As long as the Academy was supported entirely or to a considerable extent by the voluntary donations of its supporting members, the Treasurer was of great importance. He was responsible for all financial and property management, in particular the supervision of the budget and all contracts affecting the Academy's finances. From the beginning, the function was held by a close confidant of Frank, General Director Arendt, who kept it until its abolition in 1942. However, the treasurer had already lost influence in 1939, since the Reich made an ever larger subsidy to the academy budget and its control thus became stronger and stronger. The general questions of organization, administration, and human resources of the Academy for German Law, as well as the liaison with the Reich authorities, lay with the Director of the Academy. Dr. Karl Lasch held this post from 1933 until his appointment as governor of the Radom district in 1939, after which Dr. Gaeb took over the post as deputy director of the Diplomvolkswirt, which he held until 1945. The members of the Academy were divided into different groups according to their rights and tasks. The core consisted of 300 full members, initially appointed for four years; the number was maintained in 1943, and membership was extended to 10 years. According to Frank, the limitation to a relatively small number should emphasize the elitist character of the academy and awaken an elite consciousness among its members. In addition to legal, political and economic scientists, lawyers and senior civil servants, there were also some corporate members, including the law and political science faculties of the universities, which were represented by their deans. Extraordinary members by virtue of office were the Reich Ministers of Justice and Home Affairs. Foreigners who were interested in the Academy's work and were willing and qualified to contribute to it were accepted as corresponding members. The sponsoring members should maintain the Academy financially. These were mostly commercial enterprises, some of which were actively established and were prepared to make a contribution that varied according to their financial means for the honour of formally belonging to the Academy. The disadvantage of this financing system was that it created a financial dependence on the donations and could arouse suspicion that the donors were influencing the work of the Academy. It was eliminated by prohibiting any acceptance of donations in 1942. The work of the Academy was carried out in the Departments of Legal Design and Legal Research. All ordinary members of the Academy were organised, supervised and directed by the head of scientific and legal policy work. The Legal Department, to which all full members belonged, had to bear the main burden. In numerous (up to over 70) committees which changed over the years, often divided into main, sub and special committees as well as working groups or central committees, it discussed current questions of legal policy and participated in the legislative preparations of the ministries through proposals, statements, expert opinions and drafts. At the Academy's tenth anniversary in June 1943, Thierack was able to point to a considerable number of laws in which it had played a significant role until 1941, including the German Community Code and the 1935 Wehrgesetz (Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - Wehrgesetz - 1935, the 1937 German Civil Service and Stock Corporation Laws, the 1938 Youth Protection and Marriage Laws, the 1939 Law on the Introduction of Compulsory Insurance, and the 1939 Law on the Introduction of Legal Structure, which dealt particularly intensively with the reform of criminal law and the creation of a new People's Code. After the beginning of the war, numerous committees were suspended and, as the war lasted longer, dissolved. Nevertheless, the work did not come to a standstill. Only the emphasis shifted to all matters related to the war, e.g. air-raid protection law and, above all, nationality and international law. The relevant committees dealt in detail with issues relating to the reorganisation of the European continent, but also with maritime and land warfare and relations with the USA. At Frank's request, the Academy also took a stand on questions of German politics in the East and a reorganisation of the Generalgouvernement; it issued a secret report in January 1940: "Rechtsgestaltung deutscher Polenpolitik nach volkspolitischen Gesichtspunkten" (BA, R 61/243, Document 661-PS of the Nuremberg Trial against the Chief War Criminals). In 1942 the Academy still had 76 committees with eleven subcommittees. After all committees that had dealt with peace issues had been gradually suspended or completed their work, by the end of 1943 only committees with directly war-related tasks remained, including the committees on social security and international law. The committees involved in the drafting of the planned National Code also suspended their work, with the exception of the main committee, which only continued the necessary work. The scientific work was carried out within the Academy of German Law by the Department of Legal Research. Only scientists have been appointed to this department. Her task was to research the history, methodology and knowledge of the law and later also of the economy; she met in working groups, which were grouped into classes. First there were three classes, of which class I dealt with the study of the history and basic questions of law, class II with the study of the law of "people and empire" and class III with the study of the "people's federal" legal life. Each class was headed by a class leader. The management was carried out by a class secretary. The offices were initially filled as follows: Class I: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Heymann, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Felgentraeger Class II: Chairman: Prof. Dr. von Freytag-Loringhoven, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Weber Class III: Chairman: Prof. Dr. Weber Dr. Hedemann, Secretary: Prof. Dr. Lange After the war began, there were only class secretaries left, namely for Class I Prof. Dr. Heymann, for Class II Prof. Dr. Gleispach, for Class III Prof. Dr. Hueck. The Department for Legal Research published the series of publications, the working reports and the yearbook of the Academy for German Law and from 1941 also "Das deutsche Rechtsschrifttum". She was also in charge of the quarterly "Deutsche Rechtswissenschaft" and the collection of non-German penal codes. Within the framework of the department there was a committee for the examination of the law study regulations, which in 1939 presented its results to the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and People's Education. In 1940 a fourth class came into being with increasing importance of economic questions, which was responsible for the research of the "national economy" and which was to make the results of economic science accessible to the authorities and offices for the execution of practical tasks. In August 1944, on the instructions of the President, the work of the remaining committees and working groups was discontinued "for the further duration of the war" as well as the promotion of the individual members of special research commissions (letter from Thierack to Lammers of 12 August 1944, BA, R 43 II/1510a). The Academy maintained close contact with foreign countries through its corresponding members. Visits by foreign scientists, students, but also politicians were frequent. In addition, the German sections of various foreign institutions were affiliated to it. On the other hand, efforts were made to expand the Academy's sphere of influence by establishing new companies or maintaining close contact with existing companies in Germany. For the work abroad, there was a separate department in the administration of the Academy, which looked after the associations; as far as purely German organisations were concerned, the support was provided by the specialist departments of the Legal Structuring Department. In the period of its existence the following associations were affiliated to the Academy of German Law: 1. German Section of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences 2. German National Group of the International Law Association 3. German Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property and Copyright 4. International Association for Financial and Tax Law 5. German Society for Financial and Tax Law 6. German Society for Prisoners (affiliated since 1935) 7. Society for Legal and Political Sciences in Vienna 8th Society for German Criminal Law 9th Working Groups: a) for the German-Bulgarian legal relations b) for the German-Italian legal relations c) for the German-Polish legal relations (until 1939) d) for the German-Hungarian legal relations Library and Publications The establishment of a reference library for academics working in the Academy began early on. It was Frank's aim to develop this library into a central collection point for all important legal literature and related areas. The basis was the purchase of the library of the legal historian Prof. Karl von Amira, who died in 1930; later the library of the Munich jurist Prof. Konrad Beyerle was also acquired. Further accesses from various sources, mostly through taxes from authorities (e.g. the library of the former R e i c h s k o l o n i a l a m t , the duplicate holdings of the R e i c h s c h s a r k a m e in Potsdam as well as duplicates of foreign law collections and periodicals from the R e i c h s t a g s a l bibliothek) brought the holdings to around 60,000 publications by 1937. Although the library was primarily intended to serve the Academy, it was basically open to any qualified interested party. An "archive" was attached to the library, which, on Frank's instructions, created 1. a "card index of Jewish legal authors", which "eradicated Jewish literature from the library or from the library". The aim was to remove the works of Jewish authors from all public libraries or libraries serving study purposes and to transfer them to their own departments "which were to indicate the activities of the Jews and the Jewish people"; 2. to edit a card index of general legal writers by author and by work. In addition, a collection of portraits of lawyers, a collection of press clippings on the topics "Law in the Press" and "Academy in the Press" as well as a collection of journal articles from the entire body of jurisprudential literature were in the works. The first library director, Utschlag, also designed a large exhibition on legal history and law in general, which the Academy organized in conjunction with the Faculty of Law of the University of Munich on the occasion of the 1936 Annual Conference in Munich under the title "Das Recht" (The Law). The journal of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht, founded in 1934, provided information on the ongoing work of the Academy and on current legal issues. It was initially supervised by the Academy's own office for writing and finally transferred to the C-H. Becksche Verlagsbuchhandlung in 1937, where it was published until 1944. In addition to detailed reports on the representative events of the Academy (often also as special supplements or commemorative editions), it produced essays, news on organisational changes and the activities of the Academy's working committees, as well as book reviews. In addition, the journal published court decisions of a fundamental nature from 1935 onwards. The decisions were forwarded to the Academy by the courts via the Reich Ministry of Justice. The President acted as editor, the main editor was initially Director Dr. Lasch, then Kammergerichtsrat Dr. Lauterbacher. From 1 January 1939, Deutsche Rechtswissenschaft was published quarterly as the second journal. With the consent of the Reich Minister for Science, Education and Popular Learning, it was transferred from the previous editor Prof. Dr. Karl August Eckhardt to the Department of Legal Research. They brought treatises, contributions and book reviews. The Academy also published the Zeitschrift für Wehrrecht and was involved in the publication of the Zeitschrift der Vereinigung für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz, the Zeitschrift für vergleichende Rechtswissenschaft, the Blätter für Gefängniskunde and the Gerichtssaal. The yearbook of the Academy for German Law should give an overview of the work within one year. It was also published by the President and in its first editions offered a good overview of the most important events in the Academy and its committee work, while later larger treatises on individual issues predominated. In the first years, detailed information on the committee's activities could be obtained from the work reports, which were produced in small print runs using the transfer printing process and were intended only for the confidential information of party offices and authorities and were not to be circulated further. In addition, there was another - public - series of working reports of the Academy for German Law, in which the chairmen published the results of their committees. For more extensive scholarly work that had emerged from the Academy, the series was to serve the Akademie für Deutsches Recht, of which about 80 volumes were published; it was divided into individual groups according to subject areas. Finally, the Academy continued the collection of non-German penal codes organized by the editor of the Zeitschrift für die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft and published individual writings on special occasions, e.g. on the occasion of the opening of the House of German Law. Financing and assets In his memoirs of 1946, Frank emphasized the financing of the Academy for German Law, which was independent of the "Reich, State, and Party," with which he had hoped to preserve the actual non-partisanship of his institute. In fact, in the first years of its existence, the Academy was almost entirely maintained by donations from third parties, the supporting members, which included both private individuals and business enterprises. The Reichsjustizministerium had also made its approval of the transfer to the Reich dependent on the academy having to carry itself. In the accounting year 1935/36, donations reached the record level of over 1 million RM, and in 1936, 70 donors raised just over 500,000 RM. This was sufficient to cover the expenses, especially since the Reich Ministry for Science, Education and Popular Education had made available a one-time sum of 250,000 RM for the promotion of scientific work. On the other hand, already in 1937, despite a donation volume of almost 700,000 RM by 94 donors, there was a shortfall which had to be covered by donations for the accounting year 1938. In March 1938, General Director Arendts, the Treasurer of the Academy, declared in a meeting with the responsible adviser of the Reich Ministry of Finance, in which also Director Lasch took part, "that the Academy would strive for its entire budget of about 750 - 800,000 RM to be gradually fully supported by contributions from the Reich over the course of about three years," and justified this with the "aim of developing it into a legislative institution of the Reich. In its audit report for the years 1936-1937 of 24 March 1939, the Court of Audit of the German Reich also took the view that a continuation of the previous method of financing was not compatible with the reputation of the Reich; it was the duty of the Reich to "place the financing of the tasks on a sound basis" (BA, R 2/24103). This became indispensable after the Reich Minister of the Interior, in agreement with the deputy Führer, finally rejected a collection permit for the Academy in July 1939 on the basis of the Collection Act of 5 November 1934. This also meant that advertising had to be discontinued for which the company had used its own advertising specialist. In the accounting year 1939/40, the donations fell to 290,000 RM, and for the first time a subsidy from the Reich of about 480,000 RM was granted towards the running costs, so that these were now predominantly borne by the Reich. Although in 1940/41 the income from donations increased again somewhat, the donations already received for 1942 were transferred to the Dankspendenstiftung des Deutschen Volkes on Thierack's instructions. The Academy for German Law was now financed entirely from the Reich's budget. The Akademie für Deutsches Recht used considerable financial resources to provide representative accommodation. On 6 June 1935, the Lachmann-Mosse trust administration acquired the house and property at Leipziger Platz 15 from a foreclosure sale for the Berlin office at a price of RM 1.25 million. Of the purchase amount, one million RM was raised by eight mortgages of a group of insurance institutions, for which the Reich took over the interest and redemption service at the expense of the budget of the Reich Ministry of Justice; this was the reason for the amendment of the statutes that, in the event of the dissolution of the Academy, its assets would fall to the Reich. The annual contribution to be paid by the Reich was 50,000 RM for a period of 25 years. The remaining purchase price of 250,000 RM was to be paid interest-free in five annual instalments of 50,000 RM, which were to be raised from donations. Much more elaborate was the construction of a "House of German Law" at the Academy's headquarters in Munich. The first plans from January to June 1936 provided for three components, for which over 5.3 million RM were estimated. In the course of the negotiations, the mammoth project shrank to two construction phases. On October 24, 1936, on the occasion of the second annual conference of the Academy, Reichsminister Rust laid the foundation stone for Building I, front building and reading hall. The costs were to amount to RM 2,2 million, raised by a loan from the Reich Insurance Institution for Employees, the interest and repayment service of which was taken over by the Reich. Already on 31 October 1937 the academy could celebrate the topping-out ceremony, on 13 May 1939 the opening of the building unit I. The former Max-Joseph-Stift, which was to be renovated and extended by a festival hall, was acquired as Building II for a price of more than RM 1.3 million; in June 1938, the Reichsversicherungsanstalt took out a further loan of RM 2.2 million, the remainder of which was frozen at RM 900,000, however, when construction work was stopped after the outbreak of the war. Administration and registry The administrative apparatus of the Academy gradually developed from July 1934. Initially, most of the service operations were carried out in the Berlin office building; in addition, there was a small office mainly for the construction of the planned extensive library at the headquarters in Munich. It was only after the completion of Building I of the House of German Law in 1939 that the construction of a larger, structured office began, the management of which was placed in the hands of a speaker of its own. According to the rules of procedure, which the Academy submitted to the Reich Ministry of Justice in September 1935 (BA, R 22/198), the administration was divided into departments, headed by a speaker, assisted by an assistant. The speakers were assessors or younger officials on leave in the starting positions of their careers, provided they had knowledge of economics. The president used a presidential chancellery as his personal office. The management of the entire service operation was the responsibility of the Director of the Academy, who had a personal consultant at his disposal. The Director was also in charge of the Organisation Division, which was responsible for the preparation and implementation of the events. The office service was headed by a personnel officer who, in addition to personnel processing, was also in charge of registry and law offices, house and property administration as well as budget monitoring tasks. Other speakers assisted the committee chairmen of the Legal Department, generally one for four committees. In contrast, only assistants were assigned to the secretaries of the three research classes. For the entire financial and asset management, the preparation of the budget, the cash and bookkeeping, accounting, for the conclusion of contracts and the remaining budget management, the treasurer provided the necessary forces free of charge with the exception of an advertising expert and an assistant. The foreign department, which in addition to maintaining foreign contacts also supervised foreign publications, the exchange of journals and literature and the management of the affiliated international societies and associations, was relatively well staffed with a speaker and his deputy, a scientific assistant, an interpreter and a (part-time) unskilled worker for Slavic languages. The administrative regulations of the Academy of 1937 combined the previous organizational forms into nine administrative offices, which in January 1938 comprised one to seven departments, depending on the area of responsibility. These units corresponded to the previous departments. The most extensive was the Administrative Office for Legal Structuring with seven units (I - VII). The administrative office for magazines and press had two (X, XI), the others (legal research, libraries and international transport) had only one each (VIII, IX, XII), as did the administrative offices for cash and accounting (XIV), organisation (XV) and human resources and law firms (XIII), which, however, were also grouped under a central unit. In addition, there was a unit XVI (Legal Office) as the "Legal Office of the ADR". This organization continued to exist in principle even during the war, but with the resulting drastic personnel restrictions, which in the beginning practically paralyzed the entire academy apparatus, but later allowed it to remain in operation. After the closure of the Academy's work, whose offices were moved to the Reich Ministry of Justice building at Wilhelmstraße 65 on 10 January 1944, most of the staff was released at the end of 1944, but parts (finance) continued to work until March 1945. The files produced during the Academy's activities were initially kept in so-called departmental registries, i.e. the written records of the individual speakers. It was not until 1938 that the at least partial compilation of the written material produced so far began in a central registry. The consultant responsible for the law firm was in charge of the execution. At first, the registry business of the Legal Department was taken over, later that of the main administrative office (without the personnel files). The Department of Legal Research initially refrained from handing over its records to the Central Registry. The registry of the foreign department remained independent. Nothing significant could be ascertained about later changes in the registry system. During the establishment of the House of German Law in Munich, a registry was also set up there. It is certain that since the merger of the registries in 1938 the corresponding files have been filed according to a uniform and systematically structured file plan. As of 1940, this plan (BA, R 61/34) comprised seven main areas divided into three groups and sub-groups. The file plan was structured according to the decimal system with four-digit digits, to which an additional digit and a year could be added by slash if necessary. In addition to the documents produced in the course of administrative activities, an extensive complex of documents, characteristic of the Academy and its work, has emerged in the form of minutes of meetings of the committees and other specialist bodies, some of which are based on extensive stenographic notes. Copies were kept in the registry and in the "archive" of the magazines and press department. They form the most important part of the stock. Timetable on the history of the Academy 1933 June 26 Constitution in the Bavarian Ministry of Justice September 22 Granting of the rights of a public corporation in Bavaria by Bavarian law October 2 Ceremonial proclamation of the Academy for German Law at the German Lawyers' Day in Leipzig November 5 1st 1st plenary session in Berlin 1934 January 1st opening of the Berlin offices January 29th 2nd plenary session March 17th 3rd plenary session May 26th founding of the journal of the Academy for German Law 26th founding of the journal of the Academy for German Law in Berlin June 1st Annual Meeting in Munich, at the same time 4th plenary session July 11 elevation to public corporation of the Reich by Reich Law August 9 appointment of Dr. Hans Frank, former leader of the Academy, as President November 13 5th plenary session in Berlin November 18-22 trip to Bulgaria Frank December 19 appointment of Frank as Reich Minister without portfolio 1935 February 27 6th plenary session June 26-28 2nd Annual Meeting with ceremony in the presence of Hitler, at the same time session 21 August Celebratory session on the occasion of the XI International Congress on Criminal Law and Prison Law, also 8th plenary session 15 October Inauguration of the building in Berlin, Leipziger Platz 15 16 October Amendment to the Statutes 30 November 9 plenary session 1936 28 February 10 plenary session 12-17 March Poland trip Frank at the invitation of the University of Warsaw 2-8 April Visit Frank to Rome 2 June Celebratory session on the occasion of the International Congress on Industrial Property 21-24 October 3rd Annual Meeting, also 11th plenary session May 17 Opening of the Chair of German Law at the University of Sofia by Director Lasch June 19 Constituting the Department of Legal Research of the Academy of German Law (with 1st class session) October 28-31 4th 4th Annual Meeting in Munich, also 13th plenary session and event of the Association of Foreign Friends of the Academy of German Law 2nd Annual Meeting in Munich, at the same time 13th plenary session and event of the Association of Foreign Friends of the Academy of German Law at the University of Sofia. November Foundation of the Association for German-Italian Legal Relations December Competition: "State and Party in Italy" 1938 1 June Opening of a series of guest lectures at the University of Vienna 16-18 June 5th Annual Conference in Munich, at the same time 14th Plenary Session 1939 13 May Inauguration of the House of German Law July Prohibition on further donations 12 October Appointment of Frank as Governor General for the Occupied Polish Territories 13 October Appointment of Director Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Lasch becomes district governor in Radom and is represented by Dr. Gaeb 1940 10 January Establishment of the IV class (research of the national economy) in the Department of Legal Research 22-24 November 7th Annual Conference in Munich with plenary session 1942 9. June to July 21 Speeches by Frank in Berlin, Vienna, Munich and Heidelberg against the police state August 20 Dismissal of Frank as President and Appointment of the Reich Minister of Justice Dr. Thierack October Resignation of the Deputy President Prof. Dr. Emge 3. November State Secretary Dr. Rothenberger appointed Deputy President 1943 9 June Announcement of a new constitution of the Academy for German Law 1944 10-12 January Transfer of the Berlin office to the Reich Ministry of Justice 12 August Closure of all legal-political and scholarly work Inventory description: Inventory history Like many of the holdings of the Federal Archives, the documents of the Academy for German Law are only incompletely handed down and divided as a result of war losses. The division began as early as 1943, when the two offices moved files, books and inventory to smaller towns in the area to protect them from air raids, the Munich office to Altötting, Griesbach and Wegscheid (district court), the Berlin offices primarily to the Feldberg (Mecklenburg), Havelberg, Prenzlau, Zehdenick and probably also Templin storage sites also used by the Reich Ministry of Justice, and the Cochem Castle. Some of the files removed from Berlin were confiscated by Russian troops. Since 1957 they have been in the Central State Archives in Potsdam, where they formed the holdings 30.13 (Overview of the holdings of the German Central Archives 1957, p. 86). This had a volume of 155 volumes from the period 1933-1942, 33 of which refer to the activities of the committees and 31 of which apparently originate from the foreign department of the Academy; the holdings include files of the Association for the Improvement of Prisoners (25 volumes) and the German Society for Prison Science. In the hands of American troops fell, in addition to Munich files, the documents still available in the Berlin office at the end of the war, as well as files that had apparently still been brought from Zehdenick to Thuringia in 1945. Most of this stock was transferred via the Ministerial Collecting Center near Kassel to the World War II Records Division of the American National Archives in Alexandria, Va., where it formed the Record Group 1036 with other German documents. A smaller part was handed over to the Federal Ministry of Justice at the beginning of the 1950s, and the file of lawyers and economists remained with a branch of the US Army in Germany. In Alexandria the files were filmed in 1958 by the American Historical Association and described in 1959 in volume 6 of the Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va., pp. 14-27. In 1960 this part of the collection was transferred to the Federal Archives, which in 1962 was also able to take over the remaining files from the Federal Ministry of Justice and the aforementioned index. In a final return, the Federal Archives received documents from the Academy in 1973 from the Library of Congress, Washington D.C. Some files of the Committee for German-Italian Legal Relations had been transferred to the Institut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie in Amsterdam after the end of the war; they were also made available to the Federal Archives by the latter in 1974 for further completion of the R 61 collection, which had meanwhile been formed from the existing files. Finally, the Institute for Contemporary History, Munich, which had been able to acquire some of the copies of the minutes of the committee meetings collected in Munich and the reference files of the ordinary professor Dr. jur. Hermann Krause (1939-1944 member of the main committee of the academy), also left its documents to the Federal Archives; and in March 1976, it was able to acquire the reference files of Reg. Dir. a.D. and then member of the board of Deutsche Centralbodenkredit AG, Oesterlink, member of the Mortgage Legal Committee of the Academy, will close a lore gap in this area. Thus all surviving traditions of the Academy for German Law outside the GDR were probably brought together in inventory R 61. In 1990, the part of the archive that had been preserved in the Central State Archives of the GDR was merged with R 61. Archivische Bewertung und Bearbeitung (only old stock R 61, without ZStA 30.13) The written material of the Akademie für Deutsches Recht consists essentially of two parts which are already clearly separated from each other. In addition to an extensive collection of factual and correspondence files, the "Archive" of the Press and Periodicals Office contains a considerable part of the collection of minutes and minutes of meetings, some of which can also be found in the files of the Legal Department. From 1938, with a few exceptions, the Academy's documents were filed in a central registry according to a systematic file plan. The filing was done chronologically from bottom to top, but was often disturbed afterwards. In order to eliminate the - often severe - irregularities and to improve the usability of the holdings, all subject units and individual processes were placed in an official filing system (from top to bottom) when the holdings in the Federal Archives were organized and listed in 1967, and torn file units were reunited in the process. Loose written material was reformed after factual matters. The files are therefore no longer in the same condition as they were when they were filmed in the USA, so that an identity between the volumes with the American signatures ADR 1 to ADR 238, some of which also referred to documents of other provenances, and the volumes signed in the Federal Archives exists only rarely; as far as possible, however, the corresponding American signatures were noted, and in addition the concordance between the signatures of the Federal Archives and the role designations of the microfilm T-82 (below pp. 87-90) makes a comparison possible. Cassations were primarily carried out in subject groups, most of which have been preserved in their entirety in the Federal Archives. In addition to the removal of numerous duplicates, administrative documents in particular were freed from all insignificant correspondence. Most of the submissions to committees on private legal matters of no general importance were also largely destroyed. Since the records and minutes were originally also available in the registry of the Academy, the reorganization of the status quo, which is not, moreover, based on the old file plan scheme, attempted to restore the old unit of records and minutes of the individual committees and other working bodies of the Academy of German Law as far as possible, whereby the internal "provenance" (registry or "archive") in the file directory is expressed only by the old signature. The records filed in the registry shall bear the letter "P" in front of the file number, unless they are in correspondence, and the "archive" copies shall not bear a signature. In order to indicate the separation of the holdings into the partial provenances of Berlin and Munich, the place of origin has also been entered in the Remarks column, as far as determined. In addition, the structure of the holdings in simplified form is based on the structure of the Academy. Content characterisation: Part 1 (formerly: ZStA, 30.13): Legal bases, organisation, service administration, librarianship and Veröffentli‧chungen 1933-1945 (68), Jurisprudence - Department of Legal Research 1936-1945 (47), Legal Policy - Department of Legal Structuring General committee files 1935-1943 (6), individual committees 1933-1944 (365) Part 2 (formerly: BArch, R 61): Committees 1933-1940 (36), foreign countries 1934-1942 (34), international congresses, conferences 1935-1941 (16), journal of the Academy for German Law 1935-1939 (10), Sitzungsan‧gelegenheiten, invitations, minutes 1935-1939 (7), reference files, internals, individual items 1934-1944 (26), association for the improvement of prisoners 1934-1942 (26), German Ge‧sellschaft for prison science 1927-1939 (7) state of development: Publication Findbuch: Werhan, Walter; Fensch, Elsa: Akademie für Deutsches Recht (fonds R 61) (Findbücher zu Bestände des Bundesarchivs, Bd. 9), 2nd up, Koblenz 1976; find card index citation method: BArch, R 61/...

272 sheets, Contains and others: - Max Eyth, Das Wasser im alten und neuen Ägypten (With 2 sheet map sketches), in: Nachrichten aus dem Klub der Landwirthe zu Berlin, No. 280, July 24, 1891. Berlin 1891 (print) - Max Eyth, Das Wasser im alten und neuen Ägypten (Schluss), in: Nachrichten aus dem Klub der Landwirthe zu Berlin, No. 281, August 8, 1891. Berlin 1891 (print) - Die Melioration des Nilthales und die Insel Philae, in: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung, ed. in the Ministry of Public Works, Vol. 14, No. 50, December 15, 1894. Berlin 1894 (print) - Die Melioration des Nilthales und die Insel Philae (Schluss), in: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung, ed. by the Ministry of Public Works, Vol. 14, No. 50, December 15, 1894. at the Ministry of Public Works, Volume 14, No. 51, December 22, 1894 Berlin 1894 (print) - Die Melioration des Nilthales und die Insel Philae, in: Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung, ed. at the Ministry of Public Works, Volume 16, No. 35, 29 August 1896 Berlin 1896 (print) - Conclusion of a Treaty of Friendship, Trade and Shipping between the North German Confederation and the Republic of Liberia, 1868 - Convention on the Exercise of Intellectual Property Rights by Foreign Representatives in Morocco: Stenographic reports on the negotiations of the Reichstag. Fourth legislature. IV. session 1881. vol. 4. annexes to the negotiations of the Reichstag. No. 102-261 and subject index. From page 585-1172 Berlin 1881 (print) - Award of the Order of the Crown 1st Class to the Belgian Minister of State Auguste Lambermont, 1885 - Award of the Order of the Crown 2nd Class with the Star to the French Ministre plénipotentiaires Edouard Engelhardt and to the Director General of the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs [?] Banning, 1885 - Award of the Order of the Red Eagle 2nd Class to the French Embassy Councillor [?Raindre in Berlin, 1885 - Award of the Red Eagle Order 3rd class to the Belgian Legation Secretary 1st class Charles Comte de Lalaing, 1885 - Award of the Crown Order 3rd class to the Inspector in the Cipher Office [?] Willisch, 1885 - Award of the Red Eagle Order 4th class to the Secret Secretary in the Cipher Office [?] Prosch, 1885 - Documents concerning the Congo question together with a map of Central Africa by L. Friedrichsen in Hamburg. Submitted to the Federal Council and the Reichstag in April 1885: Stenographic reports on the negotiations of the Reichstag. Sixth legislature. I. Session 1884/85. Vol. 7. Annexes to the negotiations of the Reichstag. No. 287-421 and Subject Register. From page 1257-2084. Berlin 1885 (print) - Documents concerning Egypt [Egypt]. Submitted to the Federal Council and the Reichstag in May 1885: Stenographic reports on the negotiations of the Reichstag. Sixth legislature. I. Session 1884/85. Vol. 7. Annexes to the negotiations of the Reichstag. No. 287-421 and Subject Register. From page 1257-2084 Berlin 1885 (print) - Convention between the Empire and the Kingdom of Madagascar of 15 May 1883: Stenographic reports on the negotiations of the Reichstag. Sixth legislature. I. Session 1884/85. Vol. 7. Annexes to the negotiations of the Reichstag. No. 287-421 and Subject Register. From page 1257-2084. Berlin 1885 (print) - Joseph Aron, Binettes anglophobes, from: Le Moustique. Organ colonial satirique illustré, 1st volume, No. 13, 18 April 1896. Paris 1896 - Alberto Chiera, To stop the war with Transvaal. Three letters[e] (translation from Italian). Rome 1900 (print) - Photo (b/w) of the arrival of Wilhelm II in Tangier on 31 March 1905, 1905 - Photo (b/w) of a welcome gate ("THE BRITISH COLONY WELCOMES THE GERMAN EMPEROR") erected for Wilhelm II, 1905.

Contains among other things: DKG submission to the Reich Chancellor on the Congo Act, 1902

Contains among other things: International Agricultural Institute in Rome and Brugg in Switzerland and agricultural research institutes in the district of the Hanoi Consulate

Contains among other things: Overview of the annual reports and annual statistics of the central administration of the colonies of the most important colonial states: England, France, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Belgium, Italy Compilation of memorandums, treaties, reports, etc. attached to the budgets for 1885 to 1914.

Description: 1st, 22nd and 23rd electric railway for sugar cane factory Groendjik 2nd railway with platform wagon, port Valparaiso. Chile 3. Usorathalbahn near Alibegovac. Bosnia 4. excavations of Assyrian royal buildings by Professor Felix von Luschan, Senschirli, Northern Syria 5. elevator at the monument of King Victor Emanuel in Rome 6. chain elevator for raft wood, Russia 7. sugar transport, Cuba 8. Deli Bultuur Maatschappy, Sumatra 9. gold mines. Cyanide works, Transvaal 10th bridge of the Irnowkabahn at Christinowka station, Russia 11th transport of leached saltpetre stones, saltpetre works. Chile 12th earth transport on Monte Gianicolo. Rome 13. unloading of sugar cane, sugar factory Soekodono, Java 14. unloading of Arthur Koppel's material in the port of Alexandria 15. plantation railway, Erima. New Guinea 16. Earth transport, locomotive operation. Córdiba, Argent. Rep. 17. rope lift with movable landing bridge, Kamyshin at the Volga. Russia 18th Guano camp on Lobos de Afuera. Peru 19. Goluckdihi Mines. India. 20. Charging the sugar cane in the field. Egypt 21. construction of the railroad from Mayaguez to Lares, Porto Rico album of splendour: leather binding, gilt edges, gold decoration, decorated book nails.

Contains among other things: Preparations for the "Axis" case (Italy's waste), Aug. 1943 Measures against French officers (proposals by Commander-in-Chief West), June 1943 Dt. Wünsche to France with special consideration of warfare in North Africa (talks between Gen. Vogl and Admiral Darlan on 23 Oct. 1942 in Rabat and between Göring and Gen. Juin - Befehlsh. frz. Truppen/Nordafrika am 22. Dez. 1941) Germany as occupying power in France (letter of Hitler to Marschall Pétain of 10. Nov. 1941 - photocopy of copy), 1941 wishes to France with special consideration of military policy. Situation of the French colonial possessions (excerpt from the list) Records of the conversation between Göring and Marshal Pétain in Florentin-Vergigny on Dec. 1 1941) Preparation of operations against "Rest of France" and the Iberian Peninsula (companies "Attila", "Isabella", "Anton" and "Ilona"), 1942 supply for the German-Italian armed forces in North Africa, 1941-1942 distribution of the Italian army in Italy, on the Balkans and in North Africa (maps 1:3,000,000), as of 13 May, 3 Aug. 1941 Thoughts on Franco-German cooperation in the naval area (memorandum of the Sub-Commission Navy), July 1941 Structure, equipment and instructions for the "Sonderstab F", Sept. 1941 Use of Dakar as submarine base, June 1941 German-French military-political agreements on Syria - Iraq and North Africa (draft protocol of the negotiations in the German embassy in Paris on 21 May 1941), 1941 "The current situation of France" (translation of the French protocol of the meeting between the French president of the French delegation at the armistice), Gen. Doyen, and Chairman of the German Armistice, Gen. v. Stülpnagel on 6 Jan. 1941 German-Italian Cooperation, especially in Military Affairs (Report of the German Liaison Delegation to the Italian Armistice for the Week from 16 Jan. to 23 Jan. 1941), 1941 Economic Exploitation of France (Chief OKW, Field Marshal General Keitel, to the Chief of the Wehrwirtschafts- und Rüstungsamt, General Thomas), Jan. 1941

Description of the holdings: The head of the army archives was the head of archives for the Wehrmacht part of the army with its official seat in Potsdam. The chief of the army archives was in charge of the army archives in Potsdam, Vienna, Munich, Dresden and Stuttgart, the army archives branches in Prague and Gdansk, as well as the representatives in the occupied territories and the Wehrmacht sighting station for prey files. The Chief of the Army Archives was responsible for the recording of files of the High Command of the Wehrmacht, of the High Command of the Army with subordinate offices, of the command authorities, troops, administrative authorities and other institutions of the army (cf. HDv. 30 Correspondence and Business Transactions of the Wehrmacht, Appendix 2). The User Regulations regulated the lending and use of the Army Archives (cf. BArch RH 18/437). After three years of negotiations, the Reich and Prussian Minister of the Interior and the Reich War Minister agreed in September 1936 that the military files should be taken over by the High Command of the Army. On April 1, 1937, the chief of the army archives and the army archives under his command took over the military archives, which since 1919 had been administered by the Reichsarchiv, its branches in Dresden and Stuttgart, and the war archives in Munich. The Chief of the Army Archives was subordinate to the Chief Quartermaster V in the General Staff of the Army until 1942. With the reorientation of the writing of war history, Hitler subordinated the Chief of the Army Archives to the Commissioner of the Führer for Military History, Colonel Scherff, with effect from 1 July 1942. From 1937 to 1942 Friedrich von Rabenau was the chief of the army archives, from 1942 until the end of the war Karl Ruppert, who had been in charge of the Potsdam army archives since 1937. The management of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam and the office of Chief of Army Archives were merged in 1943. Heeresarchiv Potsdam The Heeresarchiv Potsdam was divided into three departments. Department A administered the Brandenburg-Prussian Army Archives, the archives of which ran from the 17th century until the dissolution of the Prussian army in 1920. Department B kept the files of the volunteer formations formed after World War I and of the Reichswehr. Section C was intended for the recording of Wehrmacht files, i.e. from 1935 with the re-establishment of military sovereignty. The departments of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam were divided into subject areas. Other organisational units included the collections, estates, maps and the picture collection. In 1935, the Berlin Department of the Reichsarchiv (especially the Prussian War Ministry after 1867) and the Central Office of Records for War Losses and War Graves were also subordinated to the Heeresarchiv Potsdam. The Heeresarchiv Potsdam continuously took over the war diaries of all command authorities and troops as well as the court files of the field and war courts in the court file collection centre. The file collection centre West in Berlin-Wannsee mainly recorded loot files from various military offices in France. The organisational structure of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam was not uniform and changed several times until 1945. In territorial matters, the Heeresarchiv Potsdam was bound by the instructions of the commander in Wehrkreis III (Berlin). A British air raid on Potsdam on 14 April 1945 hit the service and magazine building of the chief of the army archives and the army archive Potsdam hard. The holdings of the Brandenburg-Prussian Army Archives were almost destroyed. This concerned, among other things, the files of the Prussian military cabinet, the files of the Prussian Ministry of War, the war files of the unification wars and the most important war diaries with attachments from the First World War. The personal records of the Prussian army and the Reichswehr are considered almost completely destroyed. In 1943 the Heeresarchiv Potsdam outsourced the department for the recording of war diaries to Liegnitz in Silesia. At the end of 1944 this branch was moved back to Potsdam. Later, the Heeresarchiv Potsdam outsourced large quantities of its archives. Shortly before the enclosure of Berlin, the war diaries of the Second World War and a few particularly valuable older files were transferred to Blankenburg in the Harz Mountains and to Bad Reichenhall or Kufstein in "two transports of 4-6 railway wagons each" (Poll). The archives in Blankenburg were confiscated by the Western Allies. These were the war diaries of the Army High Commands, the General Commands, the divisions and other army departments as well as parts of older files. The war diaries of top army authorities were burned in Reichenhall and Kufstein on the orders of Scherff, the Führer's representative for military historiography. The destruction of older files, estates and collections in Reichenhall could be prevented by the responsible official. Heeresarchiv Wien The Chief of the Army Archives took over the War Archive Vienna after the integration of Austria in 1938. It was the central military archive of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy until 1918 and of the Republic of Austria until 1938. After the beginning of World War II, the Army Archives Vienna was assigned the Southeast Files Collection Point for the collection of loot files from the Southeast region. In territorial matters the Army Archives Vienna was bound to the instructions of the commander in the military district XVII (Vienna). Today the War Archives are under the control of the Austrian State Archives. Heeresarchiv München After the foundation of the Reichsarchiv in 1919, the Kriegsarchiv München was able to maintain its status as an independent Bavarian archive and was not subordinated to the Reichsarchiv as a branch of the Reichsarchiv, as were the archives in Dresden and Stuttgart. In 1937, the head of the Heeresarchiv took over the Kriegsarchiv München as the Heeresarchiv München. The Army Archives Munich covered the entire Bavarian military tradition from about 1650 to 1920. After the beginning of World War II, the Army Archives Munich was assigned the file collection point South, in particular for the recording of Italian booty files. In territorial matters, the Heeresarchiv München was bound by the instructions of the commander in Wehrkreis VII (Munich). After the Second World War, the Kriegsarchiv München was subordinated to the Bavarian Hauptstaatsarchiv. Despite losses during the war, the majority of the holdings have been preserved and enable source research into military history before 1919 as a replacement for the lost archive of the Potsdam Army Archives. Army Archives Dresden In 1937, the head of the army archives took over the Dresden branch of the Reichsarchiv from the Reichsarchiv as the Dresden Army Archives. This service was responsible for the stocks of the Saxon Army (XII. (I. Royal Saxon) Army Corps and XIX. (II. Royal Saxon Army Corps). The holdings of the Army Archives Dresden covered a period from 1830 - 1919 without a clear demarcation between the holdings and the Main State Archives Dresden. In territorial matters the Army Archives Dresden was bound to the instructions of the commander in the Military District IV (Dresden). During the Anglo-American air raid on Dresden on 13 February 1945, the personal documents of the Saxon army suffered losses. Despite losses during the war, the majority of the holdings have been preserved and enable source research for military history before 1919 as a replacement for the lost archive of the Potsdam Army Archives. The government of the USSR returned the preserved holdings of the Dresden Army Archives to the government of the GDR after the war. Until reunification they were administered in the military archives of the GDR in Potsdam. The Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv transferred the holdings to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Dresden in 1991. Heeresarchiv Stuttgart The head of the army archives took over the Reichsarchiv branch Stuttgart from the Reichsarchiv in 1937 as Heeresarchiv Stuttgart. This office was responsible for the holdings of the Württemberg Army Corps (XIII (Royal Württemberg Army Corps) and the XIV (Grand Ducal Baden Army Corps). In territorial matters the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart was bound to the instructions of the commander in the Wehrkreis V (Stuttgart). The Heeresarchiv Stuttgart has been preserved without war losses and, as a replacement for the lost records of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam, enables source research for military history before 1919. Today the Heeresarchiv Stuttgart is subordinated to the Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgart. The archives of the XIV (Grand Ducal Baden) Army Corps are stored in the General State Archive in Karlsruhe, although the Grand Duchy of Baden from 1871-1919, in contrast to Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg, did not have a military reserve right. Army Archives Prague Branch The Army Archives Prague branch administered the former Czech army archives and recorded archival material of the Austro-Hungarian army in Bohemia and Moravia. It was in charge of supplementing the official archival material with collections, making the holdings available for use by Wehrmacht offices, and providing information. In territorial matters, the Army Archives Prague branch was bound to the instructions of the Wehrmacht Plenipotentiary at the Reich Protector in Bohemia and Moravia (Wehrkreisbefehlshaber in Böhmen und Mähren). The Gdansk Army Archives Branch The Gdansk Army Archives Branch captured the military archives captured during the Eastern campaigns, in particular the Polish Army Archives. It had to record this material, make it usable and provide information from the files. In territorial matters, the Gdansk Army Archives Branch was bound by the instructions of the Commander of Military District XX (Gdansk). The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Military Commander in France The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Military Commander in France in Paris had to supervise and evaluate the French army archives. He was to inventory sources on German history, copy documents and collect contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives at the Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives at the Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France in Brussels was to evaluate the Belgian Army Archives, enable their use by German agencies, inventorise sources on German history, copy documents and collect material on contemporary history. The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives in Alsace-Lorraine The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives in Alsace-Lorraine in Metz was concerned with the re-registration of German army files, the sighting of French prey files, in particular the Maginot Line, and the provision of files for Wehrmacht offices. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in the Netherlands The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in the Netherlands, based in The Hague, was responsible for overseeing and evaluating the Dutch army archives. He was to inventory sources on German history, copy documents and collect contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commander of the German Forces in Denmark The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commander of the German Forces in Denmark, based in Copenhagen, was to evaluate the Danish Army Archives and collect material on contemporary history. The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Norway The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Norway in Oslo took over the management of the Norwegian Army Archives, gave information to German offices and collected contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives in Italy The Commissioner of the Chief of the Army Archives in Italy was commissioned, after the fall of Italy and the invasion of the Wehrmacht in Italy in 1943, to secure the files of the Italian army for the writing of war history and for evaluation by Wehrmacht offices. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in Athens After the occupation of Greece, the Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in Athens was responsible for the inspection and safeguarding of the Greek Army records as well as an archival-military inventory. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in Belgrade The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives in Belgrade evaluated the Yugoslavian Army files, provided military replacement services, pension offices and information on resettlement issues. Furthermore, he should collect contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Ostland The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Ostland in Riga administered and evaluated the military archives and holdings in Riga, Kaunas, Vilnius. He provided information for the military replacement services and recorded German and Polish army files. Furthermore, he should collect contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Ukraine The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Wehrmacht Commander Ukraine in Kiev had to evaluate the military archives in Kiev and Kharkov and to record Austrian and Polish military files. He was involved with the collection of contemporary historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commanding General of the Security Forces and Commander in the Army Area North The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commanding General of the Security Forces and Commander in the Army Area North had to evaluate the seized military archives and collect historical material. The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commander of the Rear Army Area Center The Commissioner of the Chief of Army Archives at the Commander of the Rear Army Area Center had to evaluate the seized military archives and collect historical material. Wehrmacht-Sichtungsstelle für Beuteakten The Wehrmacht-Sichtungsstelle für Beuteakten checked the loot files arriving from the front for their salary and forwarded them to Wehrmacht offices, as far as the files seemed important to them for further warfare. In territorial matters, the Wehrmacht sighting post for loot files was bound to the instructions of the commander in Wehrkreis III (Berlin). Preprovenience: Reichsarchiv Content characterization: The files of the RH 18 holdings Chief of Army Archives contain personal and material files of the "Chief of Army Archives" and almost all offices subordinated to him. In addition, the inventory contains regulations and announcements of the respective territorially competent command authority, e.g. of the military commander in France or of the commander in Wehrkreis VII (Munich). The records of the holdings of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam are assigned to the holdings. This includes finding aids of the registries, delivery directories and finding aids of the army archives. These records provide an overview of the numbers and contents of the former holdings and supplement the lost holdings of the Prussian army with organisational documents. The lists of estates contain biographical information. A special feature of the RH 18 collection are its personnel files, which, in contrast to most other personal documents of the Wehrmacht, have not been removed from the collection. The personnel files were classified by the respective services. The permanent exhibition of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam is virtually reconstructed in the online find book for RH 18, arranged according to display cases or themes. War diaries, orders, military conventions, correspondence between well-known generals and contemporary collection material from 1679 until after the end of the First World War were included in the Archivalienschau by the staff of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam. The documents have been filed thematically in display cases. On the reverse side of the documents the responsible subject area of the Heeresarchiv Potsdam, the holdings and the serial number are indicated. The Federal Archives and Military Archives do not present these archival records in their original form, but in microfiches. A large part of the documents was in stock MSg 101, which was completely re-signed to RH 18. State of development: Online-Findbuch Scope, Explanation: 2482 AE Citation method: BArch, RH 18/...

Contains: Acceptance of the airship Z 1 as well as the use of the national donation for further projects of Count Zeppelin, correspondence between the ministries with marginal remarks of the emperor and statement of the Minister of War Preußisch-Sächsische Verständigung in Sachen der Schiffahrtsabgaben, statement of the Minister of Public Works, Feb. 24, 1909 Course of the English royal visit to Berlin and conduct of the All-German Association, Protocol of the Ministry of State, Feb. 13, 1909. Feb. 1909 Determination of the Imperial Budget 1909 for the Imperial Office of the Interior, Report of the State Secretary of the Imperial Treasury, 16 March 1909 So-called Prussian harmlessness certificate for draft laws of the Imperial State, Letter of the Imperial Chancellery, 14 March 1909 Export of horses to Serbia, Report of the President of the Government in Poznan as well as Decision of the State Ministry, 19th February 1909. March 1909 transit of an imperial mail steamer from Sydney to Apia (Samoa), report of the R e i c h s m a r i n e a m t , 15 March 1909 grouping of the customs supervisors into the pay scale, letter of the Ministry of State, 26 Apr. 1909 indiscretion of an official in connection with press attacks against the RVO, letter of the Ministry of State, 26 Apr. 1909 Protection against acts of terror of the social democratic workers at the Kieler Werft, submission of the National Workers Association for Kiel and the surrounding area, 15 June 1909 applications for the Reich budget for 1910 and the necessity of a reduction of the expenditures, report of the Reich Treasury Office, 26 Aug. 1909 Political situation in North Schleswig, report of the Ministry for Agriculture, Domains and Forests, 30 Sept. 1909 Date for the convening of the Reichstag, letter of the Ministry of State, 23 Sept. 1909 Okt. 1909 Stimmung im Ruhrgebiet, Bericht des Büros für Sozialpolitik, 26. Nov. 1909 Participation of civil servants in the Katowice city elections and their casting of votes for Wielkopolska deputies and transfer of these civil servants by the Royal Prussian Government, report of the District President and discussion of the ministers, 30. Nov. 1909 Miners' movement in the Rhine-Westphalian coal district, report of the President of Police, 23. Nov. 1909 Interpellations in the Reichstag because of the election procedures in Katowice and because of the Mecklenburg constitutional question, statement of the State Ministry, Dec. 14, 1909 use of the Privy Legation Council Klehmet in the Reich Office of the Interior, instruction of the Reich Chancellor, March 8, 1909 request of the Landtag for the absence of the Minister of Culture, reply letter of the State Ministry, March 24, 1909 Apr. 1909 Position of the German Reich Party on inheritance tax rates, position of the Reich Chancellor on a letter from the Duke of Trachenberg, 6 May 1909 Efforts to obtain the title of Privy Government Councillor for Dr. Levin-Stoelping from another side, memo from Jonquieres to the Minister, 29 May 1909 Arbeitskammer-Gesetz as well as the position of the coal industrialists on this, report of the licentiate Mumm, 29 May 1909. Oct. 1909 Sending of persons to the art exhibition in Rome 1911, submission of the German Art Cooperative to Lewald as well as letter from Prof. A. Kampf, 29 Oct. 1909 demonstration in Mulhouse/Alsace, cover letter of the Reich Chancellery, 23 Dec. 1909 investigations after the author of an article in the Weserzeitung, report of the Minister of State Delbrück to the President of the Ministry of State, 29 Dec. 1909

Cardboard 1:1. German Reichstag and other German parliaments 1850-19142. People's Chamber GDR 1957ff.3. newspaper clippings parliamentary stenography 1885-1995Cardboard 2: Saxon Landtag 1850-1931Cardboard 3: International 1860-1914: e.g. German South West Africa (Windhoek, minutes of 1913/1914), Italy, France, Hungary, Austria, Spain

Contains only: Why does the colonial police belong to the colonial administration? - Memorandum Course for an officer delegation of the order police at the colonial police school Tivoli near Rome. - Letter from SS-Gruppenführer Wolff to the Auswärtige Amt dated 8 Apr. 1941

Contains among other things: Summary of provisions on sexually transmitted diseases in Germany, Italy and Denmark

Inventory description: The Commandant Rückwärtiges Armeegebiet (Korück) was established during the mobilization as a command post at the Army Commandos of the Wehrmacht. The Korücks were used as administration of the occupied enemy areas directly between battle zone and rear army areas under the administration of the army groups. At the beginning of the war there were nine Korücks, in the course of the war more Korücks were built as needed. During the war, some Korücks were transformed into supreme commanders. A Korück consisted of 17 officers, 6 civil servants, 18 non-commissioned officers and 38 crews, plus 7 "Hilfswillige. The task was to secure supply routes, supply bases, railway lines, communication links, the most important airports as well as to guard and transport prisoners of war. The Korücks were in charge of the security divisions and regiments, Landesschützen battalions, field and orc commandant posts, units of the field gendarmerie and the secret field police as well as staffs for prison collection points and transit camps (Dulag). The Korücks were distributed as follows during the Polish campaign: In the east: 3rd army (501), 4th army (580), 8th army (530), 10th army (540), 14th army (520), HGr. south (570) in the west: 5th army (560), 1st army (590), 7th army (550) Between 10th and 16.09.1939 the Korücks 581-589 and 591-592 were reassembled. Of these altogether 20 Korücks remained however in Poland or were otherwise used: 501 as staff 421.infantry division in East Prussia 530 as Oberfeld-Kommandantur (OFK) Warschau, later 386.Infantry Division 570 as OFK Krakow, later transferred to the Netherlands 581 as OFK Radom, later 372 Infantry Division 586 as Staff "Oberost" (Commander-in-Chief East), later Commander's Office Warsaw 587 as OFK Tschenstochau, later 351.Infantry Division On 5.01.1940 further 3 Korücks (670-672) were established, but were renamed with some others still in the winter 1939/1940 into Oberfeldkommandanturen and were used after the France campaign as follows: 520 as OFK 520 in Mons 570 as OFK 570 in Gent 589 as OFK 589 in Liège 591 as military administrative district A St.Germain (initially OFK) 592 as Military Administrative District C Dijon (initially OFK) 670 as OFK 670 in Lille 671 as Military Administrative District B in Angers (initially OFK) 672 as OFK 672 in Brussels For use by the armies only: HGr. B 18.Armee, Korück 588, later (1942) Commander H.Gebiet Südfrankreich 6.Army, Korück 585 HGr. A 9. army, Korück 582 2. army, Korück 583 4. army, Korück 580 12. army, Korück 560 16. army, Korück 584 HGr. C 1. army, Korück 590 7. army, Korück 550 Since the armies in France had no more army territory after the armistice, the office of the Korück was also cancelled with them. In the Russian campaign and on the other theaters of war Korück's armies were assigned from north to south as follows: 20.Geb.Armee Korück 525 (10.09.1941, first for East Karelia) HGr. Nord 18.Armee 583 (from 2.Armee Westen) 16.Armee 584 (as in the west) HGr. Mitte 9.Army 582 (as in West; exchange August 1943 with 2.Pz.Army, now 532) 3.Pz.Army 590 (from 1.Army West) 4.Army 559 (01.02.1041) 2.Pz.Army 532 (16.02.1942; Exchange August 1943 with 9.Army, now 582 in the Balkans) HGr. B 2.Army 580 (from 4th Army West) 4.Pz.Army 593 (15.01.1942; December 1942 Exchange with 6.Army, now 585) 6.Army 585 (as in the West; December 1942 Exchange with 4.Pz. Army, now 593) HGr. A 1.Pz.Army 351 (27.03.1942) 17.Army 550 (from 7.Army West) 11.Army 553 (01.02.1041; remained in Crimea; 1943 dissolved) Balkan 12.Armye/HGr. E: 560 (became 01.10.1942 Command) Thessaloniki Aegean Sea) Italy 10.Army 594 ( 01.02.1944 from Field Commandantur 1047) 14.Army 511 ( 1944?) The 8.Army newly established in southern Russia in 1943 first had the Korück 595, which went to Italy as OFK 379 and was replaced on 01.10.1943 by the Korück 558 (formerly OFK 787 Kharkov). In 1944 also the armies in the west received again a Korück: 1.Army 535 (01.10.1944 as Korück AOK 1) 7.Army 534 (10.01.1945) - or 534 with the 1.Fallsch.Army (presumably from OFK 770) 15.Army 517 (December 1944 from Feld-Kommandantur 517) 19.Army 536 (1944/1945) 25.Army 533 (*November 1944 from OFK 670) (according to Tessin, Georg: Associations and troops and the German Wehrmacht and Waffen-SS in the Second World War 1939-1945, 1st vol, Osnabrück 1979) Characterization of the contents: The Korücks' war diaries have survived. These mainly document security measures and supplies, operations against partisans with reports of fighting by troops and police. In addition, there are commands, service instructions and arrangements, e.g. for supply. Furthermore, situation, combat, activity and deployment reports as well as organisational and personnel documents (staffing lists, etc.) are available in the inventory. Occasionally photographs and maps (maps of operations and locations) have been handed down. Parts of the documents were already handed over to the Army Archives in Potsdam during the war. After the end of the war in 1945, the documents were confiscated by the US armed forces. After their return to the Document Centre of the Military History Research Office in the 1960s, the holdings were taken over by the Military Archives of the Federal Archives. State of development: Findbuch Zitierweise: BArch, RH 23/...

Contains among other things: Renewal of customs and trade treaties with Italy, Austria-Hungary and Switzerland; friendship treaty with Tonga; protocol on traffic in the Sulu Archipelago between the German Reich, Spain and Great Britain; trade convention with Romania; friendship, trade, shipping and consular treaty with Hawaii; treaty between Germany, Austria-Hungary, France, Great Britain, Italy, Russia and Turkey (Berlin Congress); Treaty of Friendship with the Samoa Islands; Trade and Shipping Treaty with Spain; Trade Treaty with Egypt; Trade and Shipping Treaty with Uruguay; Termination of the Treaty of Friendship, Trade and Shipping with Argentina; Friendship, Trade, Shipping and Consular Treaty with Nicaragua; Treaty of Friendship and Trade with the Orange Free State (South Africa)

document

The Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg (ERR) is one of the largest "robbery organisations" of the "Third Reich". Equipped with the authority to "secure" material in the occupied territories for the fight against the "ideological opponents" of National Socialism, he brought countless books, documents and other cultural assets from the possession of libraries, institutes, archives, private individuals, etc. into his hands in the occupied western and eastern territories; in addition, he was actively involved in art theft. The evaluation of the cultural property to be captured and secured by the ERR was to be carried out by the "Hohe Schule" or the "Institut zur Erforschung der Judenfrage" in Frankfurt, at least as far as research on the "Jewish question" could be useful, to which even "materials" of an incommensurable scope were then directed. The haste with which the "seizures" had to be made within a few years or months in areas often far from the borders of the German Reich, made final decisions about the whereabouts of the captured property, especially in the territory of the Soviet Union, at most theoretically visible; in its mass it remained in the territories cleared by German troops. In addition to the Institute for the Study of the Jewish Question, the East Library and the Central Library of Rosenberg in Berlin were the main places of reception, apparently for material on the "Study of Bolshevism". There were also numerous other recipients, such as the Wehrmacht (for entertainment literature, but also for "military files and archive material" from the occupied Eastern territories, which had to be handed over to the Danzig branch of the Army Archives). The following decrees are the basis for the establishment and mission of the task force: Führererlass of 29.1.1940 concerning the establishment of the "Hohe Schule": The Hohe Schule is to become the central site of National Socialist research, teaching and education. Their construction will take place after the war. However, in order to promote the preparations that have begun, I order Reichsleiter Alfred Rosenberg to continue this preparatory work - especially in the field of research and the establishment of the library. The services of the Party and the State shall give him every assistance in this work. Decree of the chief of the OKW of 4.7.1940 to the commander-in-chief of the army and the commander-in-chief of the Wehrmacht in the Netherlands: Reichsleiter Rosenberg has applied to the Führer: 1. to search the state libraries and archives for writings of value to Germany, 2. to search the chancelleries of the high church authorities and lodges for political actions directed against us, and to confiscate the material in question. The Führer has ordered that this proposal be complied with and that the Secret State Police - supported by archivists of the Reichsleiter Rosenberg - be entrusted with the investigation. The head of the security police, SS-Gruppenführer Heydrich, has been notified; he will contact the responsible military commanders for the purpose of executing the order. This measure will be implemented in all the territories we occupy in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France. It is requested to inform the subordinate services. Order of the chief of the OKW of 17.9.1940: To the commander-in-chief of the army for the military administration in occupied France In addition to the s.Zt. The Führer has decided, on the basis of the instructions given by the Führer to Reichsleiter Rosenberg to search lodges, libraries and archives in the occupied territories of the West for material of value to Germany and to secure it through the Gestapo: "The conditions before the war in France and before the declaration of war on 1.9.1939 are decisive for the possessions. After this deadline, transfers of ownership to the French Reichsleiter Rosenberg have been completed. State or the like are void and legally ineffective (e.g. Polish and Slovak library in Paris, holdings of the Palais Rothschild and other abandoned Jewish property). Reservations regarding search, seizure and removal to Germany on the basis of such objections shall not be accepted. Reichsleiter Rosenberg or his representative Reichshauptstellenleiter Ebert has clear instructions from the Führer personally regarding the right of access. He is authorised to transport the cultural goods that appear valuable to him to Germany and to secure them here. The Führer has reserved the right to decide on their use. It is requested that the relevant military commanders or services be instructed accordingly. Führer decree of 1.3.1942: Jews, Freemasons and the ideological opponents of National Socialism allied with them are the authors of the present war directed against the Reich. The systematic spiritual combat of these powers is a task necessary for war. I have therefore commissioned Reichsleiter Rosenberg to carry out this task in agreement with the head of the OKW. Its task force for the occupied territories has the right to investigate libraries, archives, lodges and other ideological and cultural institutions of all kinds for corresponding material and to seize it for the ideological tasks of the NSDAP and the later scientific research projects of the high school. The same regulation applies to cultural objects which are in the possession or property of Jews, of stray origin or of origin which cannot be clarified unobjectionably. The implementing regulations for cooperation with the Wehrmacht are issued by the head of the OKW in agreement with Reichsleiter Rosenberg. The necessary measures within the Eastern territories under German administration are taken by Reichsleiter Rosenberg in his capacity as Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories. For a short time the full name of the office was "Einsatzstab der Dienststellen des Reichsleiters Rosenberg für die besetzten westlichen Gebiete und die Niederlande", then "Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg für die besetzten Gebiete". The addition "for the occupied territories" was omitted according to the order of the Joint Staff Committee of 17.11.1944. The headquarters of the Joint Staff Committee was initially Paris. The expansion of the tasks made it necessary to relocate her to Berlin, where she temporarily stayed in the office building at Margarethenstrasse 17. The later office in Berlin, Bismarckstraße 1, was destroyed by an air raid. Organisation and structure: The structure of the ERR consisted in its main features of staff management, main working groups and working groups (set up regionally), occasionally also special detachments, branch offices, etc. The ERR was structured in such a way that it was able to provide a clear overview of the various departments. In addition, there were special staffs which were mainly charged with the "recording of cultural assets", which took place in constant collision with the equal interests of other authorities, such as the Reich Minister for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda (in France with regard to the recording of musical works, musical manuscripts and instruments by the Special Staff for Music) and the Reichsführer-SS (for example with regard to the recording of prehistory and early history). The organisation and distribution of responsibilities of the staff management were adapted to the respective tasks of the ERR institution, which were constantly expanding until 1943 and have been changing ever since. The constant change of tasks, organisation and personnel conditions became a principle for the large number of the departments themselves active in the "worked" areas, which were also completely dependent on the politico-military and administrative conditions in these areas, caused by the respective military, civil or national administrations, and not least by the perpetual conflicts of competence of the party and imperial authorities touching or fighting each other in their areas of interest and ambitions. The development of the ERR began in France with the institution "Einsatzstab Westen" under the leadership of Kurt von Behr. Soon the "Westen" task force was divided into three independent main working groups: France (Paris), Belgium and Northern France (Brussels), Netherlands (Amsterdam). At the same time, V. Behr was the head of the Western Office, which was responsible for securing furnishings for the occupied eastern territories, the so-called M Action. This office was in itself "detached" to the East Ministry; according to Rosenberg's order of 24.11.1944, it was "taken back" to the task force. In the first half of 1944, both the M campaign and the "art collection campaign" were extended to southern France. Probably related to this is the establishment of the South of France Working Group, which finally set up a branch office in Nice and an external command in Marseilles. From the very beginning of its activity in France, the ERR had not confined itself to securing only material from libraries, archives, etc. for the "ideological struggle". He also began to collect and secure art treasures and thus entered into a certain competition with the actions carried out on behalf of Hitler ("Linz" Führer order) and Göring as well as with the art protection carried out by the military commander. Institutionally, he created a special task force "Fine Arts" (SBK) for this task, to which the collection points for fine arts in the Louvre and Jeu de Paume belonged. The Special Staff was only responsible for securing and inventorying the objects of art; the right of disposal over the objects of art - including those seized by the Office of the West in the course of the M Action and handed over to the Special Staff - had been reserved to the "Führer", a demand that was later extended to all works of art "that were or will be confiscated by German authorities in the territories occupied by German troops". The SBK maintained its activity in France to a certain extent until its dissolution. The struggle for responsibility for seized works of art continued until the end of the war, up to and including issues of relocation to Germany (Führer construction and salvage sites such as Neuschwanstein and Herrenchiemsee, etc.) and ultimately works of art to be seized in Austrian mines (Alt-Aussee). The activities of the Italian working group are described in the report of its leader of 28.8.1944 as follows: "The procurement of material on the activities of ideological opponents will continue to be at the forefront of our work in Italy. In the form of translations, reports and evaluation work, this material is prepared by AG Italy and forwarded to the management. At the beginning of 1941, the ERR extended its activities to the Balkans and further to Greece. A Sonderkommando Greece was formed, which was dissolved in 1941. A Sonderkommando Saloniki is still provable until 1942. ERR services were also established in 1941 in Serbia - Special Staff of the Commanding General and Commander of Serbia, an Agram Liaison Office and a Belgrade Liaison Office for the Yugoslav Territories. Efforts to gain a foothold in Hungary failed apparently because of the resistance or influence of the envoy Dr. Veesenmayer. Later, a main working group for the southeast (Belgrade) can be proved, which was formed with effect from 15 February 1944 from the working group for the southeast, which in turn could have originated from the command "Southeast", proven for 1942, which was transferred from Belgrade to Thessaloniki on 10 July 1942. In Denmark, the ERR established a service in Copenhagen. Any approach to "profitable" activity was soon nullified by Dr. Best, representative of the German Reich in Denmark: "Confiscation in the style of the other occupied territories would never come into question". Immediately after his appointment as Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories (RMbO), Rosenberg began to direct the initiative of his task force to the eastern territories as well. On April 2, 1941, Rosenberg had already conceived a Führer's order to instruct him "to carry out the same tasks as in the occupied western territories in all the countries occupied or still occupied by the German Wehrmacht within the framework of this war". Until the Führer's order of 1 March 1942 was issued, Rosenberg referred to "the orders issued by the Führer for the West and the tasks carried out in the Western territories by the departments of Art, Archive and Library Protection within the framework of military administration". Rosenberg's guidelines on the protection of cultural assets for "research into the activities of opponents of National Socialism and for National Socialist research" were issued to the Reichskommissariate Ostland and Ukraine on 20.8.1941 and 3.10.1941 respectively. By decree of 27.4.In 1942 Rosenberg finally commissioned the RKO and RKU as the RMbO to once again expressly "commission the ERR for the occupied Eastern territories with the recording and uniform processing of cultural assets, research material and scientific institutions from libraries, museums, etc.", which are found in public, ecclesiastical or private spaces". With the same decree, a central office was founded for the collection and recovery of cultural assets in the occupied Eastern territories. A special department for the collection and recovery of cultural assets was set up at the Reichskommissariaten (Imperial Commissionariats), whose leadership was entrusted to the head of the responsible main working group. For the two Reichskommissariate the main working group Ostland (Riga) with the working groups existed at first: Estonia (Reval), Lithuania (Vilnius), Latvia (Riga), White Ruthenia (Minsk) and the main working group Ukraine (Kiev, later Bialystok). With effect from 1.5.1943 the AG Weißruthenien was elevated to the main working group Mitte. In all HAG areas, in addition to the working groups, mobile staffs, known as "Sonderkommandos" or "Außenstellen", whose activities extended as far as the Crimea and the Caucasus region, worked directly under their command or under the command of the staff. The special staffs included, among others "Sonderstab Bildende Kunst", "Sonderstab Vorgeschichte", "Sonderstab Archive", "Sonderstab Sippenkunde", "Sonderstab Wissenschaft", "Sonderstab Volkskunde", "Sonderstab Presse" (founded 1944), "Sonderstab Dr. Abb", "Sonderstab Musik", "Sonderstab Zentralbibliothek" of the "Hohen Schule" (ZBHS), "Sonderstab weltanschauliche Information in Berlin". Structure of the staff leadership 1942 Staff leader: Utikal deputy: Ebeling 1st Division Organisation: Langkopf Group Indoor Service Group Human Resources Group Procurement Group Readiness to drive 2nd Division West and Southeast: by Ingram Group Planning Group Report 3rd Division East: Dr. Will Group Planning Group Report 4th Division Evaluation: Dr. Brethauer; Deputy: Dr. Wunder; from 1.11.1942: Lommatzsch Group General Group Library Group Inventory Group Photograph 5 Dept. Special Tasks: Rehbock Structure of the staff leadership 1944 Staff leader: Utikal representative: The senior head of department department I (head of department I: SEF Rehbock; head of department z.b.V.: SEF Brethauer) group I/1 personal adviser of the chief of staff: Rehbock group I/2 mob- and locksmith matters: Rehbock Group I/3 Personal Representative of the Chief of Staff for the Art Recording Action and Head of the Louvre Working Group: Rehbock Group I/4 Defense Representative of the Operational Staff: HEF Braune Group I/5 Procurement, Courier Service, Supply: OEF Jach Group I/6 Publications: HEF Tenschert Group I/7 Special Reports: EF Tost Division II (Head of Division: OSEF Dr. Will; Deputy: SEF Dr. Zeiß) Division IIa: Western Division, covering France, Belgium, Holland, Italy and Southeast: SEF Dr. Zeiß Division IIb: Division East, covering the occupied territories of the Soviet Union: OSEF Dr. Will Division III (Head of Division: SEF Zölffel) Division IIIa: SEF Zölffel Group III/1 Legal Affairs, Orders and Communications: SEF Zölffel Gruppe III/2 Wehrmachttfragen, Marschpapiere, Veranstaltungen, Marketenderei: HEF Gummert Abteilung IIIb: HEF Webendoerfer Gruppe III/3 Personal: HEF Sklaschus Gruppe III/4 Business Distribution: HEF Webendoerfer Gruppe III/5 Registratur: OEF Hechler Hauptabteilung IV (Head of Department: OSEF Dr. Wunder; Deputy: SEF Lommatzsch) Translation Office: OEF Dr. Benrath Gruppe IV/1 Archiv: HEF Dr. Mücke Group IV/3 Material preparation: HEF Reichardt Group IV/4 Evaluation by scientists: HEF Rudolph Group IV/5 Book control centre: HEF Ruhbaum Group IV/6 East Library: HEF Dr. Müller Abbreviations DBFU The commander's representative for the supervision of the entire intellectual and ideological training and education of the NSDAP EF Einsatzführer ERR Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg HAG Hauptarbeitsgruppe HEF Haupteinsatzführer IMT Internationales Militärtribunal MTS Maschinen-Traktoren-Station NKWD Volkskommissariat für Innere Angelegenheiten NSDAP National Socialist German Workers' Party NSPO National Socialist Party Organization OEF Upper Operations Leader OKH Army High Command OKW Wehrmacht High Command OSEF Wehrmacht Upper Staff Operations Leader RKO Reichskommissar für das Ostland RKU Reichskommissar für die Ukraine RMbO Reichsministerium für die besetzten Ostgebiete SEF Stabseinsatzführer WKP (b) Communistische Partei der Sovietunion ZbV zur besonderen Verwendung Inventory description: Inventory history In the 1960s, scattered files of the ERR were brought into the Federal Archives, with various returns of written material from the USA and predominantly in association with other provenances from the Rosenberg business area as well as with individual levies from the Rehse Collection, which were formed into an inventory there. Most of these files are written documents which were last found in the alternative office of the ERR in Ratibor. A part of the staff and the management of the Ostbücherei with large stocks of books were evacuated from Berlin to there. The remains of documents rescued by the members of the HAG Ostland, Ukraine and White Ruthenia were also recorded in Ratibor. The preserved files should come from holdings that were moved from Ratibor to the west. Subsequent additions to the holdings were mainly made by levies from the military archives, by re-enlargements of microfilms from the YIVO Institute, New York, by late recorded files from American repatriation, by three volumes from the dissolved holdings of the Rosenberg offices of the Central State Archives of the GDR (62 Tue 1) and by personal documents from the so-called "NS Archive of the Ministry for State Security of the GDR". The documents preserved at the end of the war and accessible to the Western Allies were used as evidence for the IMT process. The essential components were then left to the Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine (CDJC), Paris. ERR documents can also be found today in the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Washington, in the YIVO Institute for Jewish Reserch, Washington, and in the Nederlands Instituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie (NIOD), Amsterdam. Documents from Rosenberg offices also reached archives of the former Soviet Union. An extensive collection (especially the provenance ERR) is kept in the Tsentral`nyi derzhavnyi arhiv vyshchykh orhaniv vlady ta upravlinnia Ukraïny (TsDAVO Ukraïny) in Kiev, further files in the Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi voennyi arkhiv (RGVA) in Moscow and in the Lithuanian Central State Archives, Vilnius. The Federal Archives, Bildarchiv, holds an extensive collection of photographs from the ERR (holdings Fig. 131). Inventories, directories and transport lists by the ERR of "seized objects" are contained in the holdings of B 323 Treuhandverwaltung von Kulturgut. Archive processing The NS 30 collection is a conglomerate of scattered files and individual documents. In the interest of rapid utilisation, the documents were recorded provisionally without costly evaluation and administrative work. Mrs. Elisabeth Kinder produced the preliminary finding aid book in 1968, from which essential elements of this introduction are taken. The "new entries" were recorded by the undersigned in 2003/2004. Citation method BArch NS 30/ .... State of development: Findbuch (1968/2005), Online-Findbuch (2004). Citation style: BArch, NS 30/...

Contains: International Plant Protection Conference in Rome, 1914

Contains: (Mercedes-)Drives.- Boilers.- (Kyffhäuser-)Steam.generators.- (Reform-, Kipp-, Elektro-, Gas-)Steam.systems.- Steam.drums.- Steam.columns.- Threshing.machines.and.parts.- Fertiliser.mills.- (Ice.food.machines.-) earth steaming plants.- fodder transport trolleys.- (hay and straw) blowers.- commercial.items.- radiators.- heating.and.cooking.plants.- manure.barrels.- (porch.-, galvanized) potato.crushing.- potato.washers.- (filling shaft-, pressure-) boiler.- boiler.furnaces.- cultivators.- contract.galvanizing.- (motor.plough.-)locomobile.- milk.chambers.- milk.can.steamers.- motor.plough.- (Akra-, Hack- und Häufel.plough.-) (Akra-, Columbus-, commercial-, piston-, water-) pumps and pumping stations.- beet squeezers.- beet cutters (galvanized).- shot mills.- sterilizers.- sound film apparatus.- (planetary, zenith, Kaha, lacquer) centrifuges. Africa - Albania - Argentina - Belgium - Brazil - British - East Africa - Bulgaria - China - Denmark - (Free State) Gdansk - Germany - Germany - Austria - England - Great Britain - France - Guatemala (Quatemala) - Netherlands - India - Ireland - Italy - Yugoslavia - Cameroon - Latvia - Liechtenstein - Lithuania - Luxembourg - Memel region - Norway - Austria - East Africa. - Palestine. - Paraguay - Poland - Portugal - border.states - Romania - Russia - Sweden - Switzerland - Spain - South Africa - South America - Syria - Tyrol - Czechoslovakia - Turkey - Hungary - West Africa.

Contains: Attachments.- Boiler.- Butter.barrels.- (Reform.-, tilt.-) dampers.- Steam.apparatus.- Steam.barrels.- Steam.generators.- Steam.boilers.- Threshing.machines.- Fertil.mills.- Spare.parts-New.workshop.- Gas cookers - Dishwashers - Grass mowers - Commercial articles - Army supplies - Radiators - Heating boilers - Hop cutters - Jauche barrels - Jauche pumps - Calf drinkers - Potato squeezing - Potato sorting machines - Potato washing/washing machines - Grain testers - Cultivators - Zinc coating - Motors - Motor ploughs - Milling plants - Sewing machines - (Akra-, Columbus-) pumps - Tubular boilers - Beet cutters - Suction gas locomobile boilers / motor locomotives - Grist mills - (Planet, Zenit, Kaha) separators - Peat mills - Washing machines - Wringing machines - (Planet, Zenit) centrifuges. America - Belgium - Bulgaria - China - Denmark - Germany - Germany - South West Africa - England - France - Holland - Italy - Luxembourg - Norway - Austria - Austria - Hungary - Romania - Russia - Scotland - Sweden - Switzerland - Serbia - Spain - South America.